NURS 5334 Advanced Pharm Final Exam 2026 Newest
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Prescribing basics - Answer-Prescribing is regulated by
state BON
Proper RX - Answer-Providers name and address,
Telephone
DEA
Pt name/DOB/Addres
Name of Drug, strength, SIG(directions) with
indication/Route and frequency, Quantity and signature.
Drug Schedules: Most addictive to least - Answer-1:
Heroin,LSD, MJ
2: hydrocodone, cocaine, Methamphetamine, methadone,
oxycodone, meperidine, fentanyl, adderall, ritalin
3: codeine, ketamine, testosterone
4: xanax, valium, soma, ambient, tramadol
5: antidiarrheal, antitussives, lomotil, lyrica
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Pharmicodyamics - Answer-The effects of drug on the
body. Receptors are large molecules usually proteins, that
interact and mediate the action of drugs
agonist - Answer-produce receptor stimulation and a
conformational change every time they bind. Do not need
all available receptors to produce a maximum response
Partial agonist - Answer-drugs that have properties in b/w
those of full agonist and antagonist. They bind to receptors
but when they occupy the receptor sites, they stimulate
only some of the receptors.
antagonist - Answer-drugs with affinity for a receptor but
with no intrinsic activity. Affinity allows the antagonist to
bind to receptors, but lack of intrinsic activity prevents the
bound antagonist from causing receptor activation. The
block action of drugs (ex. Narcan)
Bioavailabity - Answer-% of administered dosage of the
drug that survives the first pass through the liver and
reaches the blood stream
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half life - Answer-Time required for the amount of a drug in
the body to decline by 50%, drugs with shorter half lives
must be administer frequently. 4.5-5.5 times the half life to
get steady state and to be limited from the body
what the body does to the drug - Answer-absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
Distribution - Answer-movement of absorbed drug in bodily
fluids throughout the body to target tissue. Properties
affecting: lipid/water solubility, PH affects ionization of
drug, protein binding, size of molecule (smaller molecules
are more able to diffuse)
Tissue: fat, bone, blood/brain barrier (only lipid soluble will
pass), placental barrier (many drugs can pass)
Protein binding - Answer-unbound drug is free which is
active, crosses membrane. Low plasma proteins result in
more free drug. Competition: when 2 highly bound drugs
are given it increases the level of both drugs
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Metabolism - Answer-take place in the liver mostly.
Chemical change of a drug structure to:
Enhance excretion, inactivate the drug, increase
therapeutic action, active a prodrug (inactive until
metabolized in the body into the active compound, ex:
levodopa), increase or decrease toxicity
CYP450 - Answer-enzymes constitutes the most important
of the phase I metabolizing enzymes (account for about
75% of drug metabolism in the liver)
Phase 2: conjugation reaction occur leading to large
increases in hydrophilicity of the substrates rendering
them more readily excretable
Substrate - Answer-an agent that is metabolized by an
enzyme into a metabolite and product and eventually
excreted
Inhibitors - Answer-compete with other drugs for a
particular enzyme affecting the metabolism (decreased) of
the substrate and decreases the excretion of the substrate
and increasing the circulating drug