TEST BANK
EMERGENCY CARE
14TH EDITION
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
1) Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating and improving the
effectiveness of an EMS system?
A) Quality improvement
B) System effectiveness management
C) Process Improvement Plan (PIP)
D) Total quality system
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. Quality improvement (QI) consists of continuous self-review with
the purpose of identifying aspects of the EMS system that require improvement, with subsequent
action plans to make necessary changes.
B) INCORRECT. System effectiveness management does not refer to a program of evaluating
and improving an EMS system.
C) INCORRECT. A program or process for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of an
EMS system is not referred to as a Process Improvement Program.
D) INCORRECT. The term "total quality system" does not refer to a program for improving the
effectiveness of EMS systems.
Page Ref: 13
Objective: 1.2
2) Which of the following groups is credited with developing the earliest documented emergency
medical service?
A) The Spanish
B) The Egyptians
C) The Mayans
D) The French
Answer: D
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. The Spanish did not develop the first documented emergency
medical service; the French did in the 1700s.
B) INCORRECT. Although known for progress in technical areas, the Egyptians were not
responsible for the first documented emergency medical service. In 1790, the French first began
transporting wounded soldiers away from battlefields and to waiting medical care.
C) INCORRECT. The earliest documented emergency medical service was in France in 1790,
nearly a thousand years after the Mayan civilization disappeared.
D) CORRECT. The earliest documented emergency medical service was in 1790 when the
French began transporting wounded soldiers from the scenes of battle to waiting physicians.
,Page Ref: 3
Objective: 1.1
3) In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged which of the following agencies with the
development of emergency medical service standards?
A) U.S. Department of Transportation
B) U.S. Department of the Interior
C) U.S. Department of Health Services
D) U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged the United
States Department of Transportation (DOT) with developing EMS standards and assisting the
states to upgrade the quality of their prehospital emergency care.
B) INCORRECT. The U.S. Department of the Interior is charged with the management and
conservation of federal land and the country's natural resources. The Department of
Transportation was charged with developing EMS standards.
C) INCORRECT. Although the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is charged with
protecting the health of all Americans, the United States Department of Transportation was
assigned the task of developing emergency medical service standards.
D) INCORRECT. Although the U.S. Department of Homeland Security is tasked with protecting
the nation from threats, it was established in 2002 and did not exist in 1966. It was the U.S.
Department of Transportation that was charged with developing EMS standards.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
4) Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and care most refers to
which of the following?
A) Emergency preparedness plan
B) Trauma system
C) Resource management
D) Central deployment
Answer: C
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. Emergency preparedness plans are usually developed to guide
the actions of a specific group of people at the outset of an emergency, with the goal of
protecting people and/or property. They generally will not address the specifics of medical care
or transport.
B) INCORRECT. A trauma system is an organized, coordinated effort between facilities and
responders within a defined geographic area to deliver a full range of care to injured patients. It
does not address the coordination of basic (non-trauma) emergency care or transportation.
C) CORRECT. Resource management refers to the centralized coordination of an emergency
response so that all victims have equal access to basic emergency care and are transported by
certified personnel, in a licensed and equipped ambulance, to an appropriate facility.
,D) INCORRECT. The centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and
care within an EMS system is not referred to as central deployment.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
5) Which of the following agencies is responsible for establishing EMS system assessment
programs?
A) Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
B) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)
C) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
D) United States Health Services Agency (HSA)
Answer: C
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is not
responsible for EMS system assessment programs.
B) INCORRECT. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) does not establish EMS
system assessment programs.
C) CORRECT. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Technical
Assistance Program has established assessment programs with set standards for EMS systems.
D) INCORRECT. The United States Department of Health and Human Services has no oversight
of EMS systems.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
6) Why is research published in a medical journal more authoritative than the information in a
typical article published in an EMS magazine?
A) Research in medical journals is original and peer reviewed.
B) EMS magazine articles tend to be poorly researched.
C) EMS articles are generally opinion pieces.
D) Medical journals don't rely on advertising revenue as EMS magazines do.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. The research that is published in medical journals is peer reviewed.
This means that the research was submitted to a professional journal and reviewed by several of
the researcher's peers. This process helps to ensure that the research methods and results are
accurate and high quality. This research is published in peer-reviewed journals. Articles in EMS
magazines do not present original, peer-reviewed research.
B) INCORRECT. EMS magazine articles may be well researched.
C) INCORRECT. An EMS magazine article may not be an opinion piece.
D) INCORRECT. Reliance on advertising revenue, or lack thereof, is not what makes the
research presented in medical journals authoritative.
Page Ref: 19
Objective: 1.4
, 7) What has the modern emergency medical services (EMS) system been developed to provide?
A) Hospital-quality care at the emergency scene and during transport
B) Prompt emergency response to the scene regardless of risk
C) Safe emergency transportation that postpones care to arrival
D) Trained medical personnel who can manage emergencies entirely at the scene
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged the United
States Department of Transportation (DOT) with assisting the states in upgrading the quality of
their prehospital emergency care.
B) INCORRECT. Prompt responses are an important part of any EMS system, but not only that,
and not regardless of risk.
C) INCORRECT. Safe emergency transportation is only part of what modern EMS systems were
developed for, and not postponing care to arrival.
D) INCORRECT. Modern EMS systems were designed to provide more than just trained
medical personnel, and care that continues during transport to the hospital.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
8) Which of the following is the most common gateway for hospital services for patients who
need emergency medical assistance?
A) Emergency department
B) Emergency medical services system
C) Surgical services department
D) Emergency medical dispatch center
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. The emergency department serves as the gateway for the rest of the
services offered by a hospital.
B) INCORRECT. The EMS system is not generally involved with hospital services other than
the emergency department.
C) INCORRECT. Although an important component of a hospital's services, not all emergency
medical patients will require surgery.
D) INCORRECT. An emergency medical dispatch center coordinates transports to the hospitals,
but is not involved in determining or promoting specific hospital services.
Page Ref: 6
Objective: 1.1
9) Which of the following best describes a communication system capable of identifying the
number and location of the phone from which a caller is calling?
A) Data display 911
B) Priority dispatch 911
C) Enhanced 911
D) Advanced 911
Answer: C
EMERGENCY CARE
14TH EDITION
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
1) Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating and improving the
effectiveness of an EMS system?
A) Quality improvement
B) System effectiveness management
C) Process Improvement Plan (PIP)
D) Total quality system
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. Quality improvement (QI) consists of continuous self-review with
the purpose of identifying aspects of the EMS system that require improvement, with subsequent
action plans to make necessary changes.
B) INCORRECT. System effectiveness management does not refer to a program of evaluating
and improving an EMS system.
C) INCORRECT. A program or process for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of an
EMS system is not referred to as a Process Improvement Program.
D) INCORRECT. The term "total quality system" does not refer to a program for improving the
effectiveness of EMS systems.
Page Ref: 13
Objective: 1.2
2) Which of the following groups is credited with developing the earliest documented emergency
medical service?
A) The Spanish
B) The Egyptians
C) The Mayans
D) The French
Answer: D
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. The Spanish did not develop the first documented emergency
medical service; the French did in the 1700s.
B) INCORRECT. Although known for progress in technical areas, the Egyptians were not
responsible for the first documented emergency medical service. In 1790, the French first began
transporting wounded soldiers away from battlefields and to waiting medical care.
C) INCORRECT. The earliest documented emergency medical service was in France in 1790,
nearly a thousand years after the Mayan civilization disappeared.
D) CORRECT. The earliest documented emergency medical service was in 1790 when the
French began transporting wounded soldiers from the scenes of battle to waiting physicians.
,Page Ref: 3
Objective: 1.1
3) In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged which of the following agencies with the
development of emergency medical service standards?
A) U.S. Department of Transportation
B) U.S. Department of the Interior
C) U.S. Department of Health Services
D) U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged the United
States Department of Transportation (DOT) with developing EMS standards and assisting the
states to upgrade the quality of their prehospital emergency care.
B) INCORRECT. The U.S. Department of the Interior is charged with the management and
conservation of federal land and the country's natural resources. The Department of
Transportation was charged with developing EMS standards.
C) INCORRECT. Although the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is charged with
protecting the health of all Americans, the United States Department of Transportation was
assigned the task of developing emergency medical service standards.
D) INCORRECT. Although the U.S. Department of Homeland Security is tasked with protecting
the nation from threats, it was established in 2002 and did not exist in 1966. It was the U.S.
Department of Transportation that was charged with developing EMS standards.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
4) Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and care most refers to
which of the following?
A) Emergency preparedness plan
B) Trauma system
C) Resource management
D) Central deployment
Answer: C
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. Emergency preparedness plans are usually developed to guide
the actions of a specific group of people at the outset of an emergency, with the goal of
protecting people and/or property. They generally will not address the specifics of medical care
or transport.
B) INCORRECT. A trauma system is an organized, coordinated effort between facilities and
responders within a defined geographic area to deliver a full range of care to injured patients. It
does not address the coordination of basic (non-trauma) emergency care or transportation.
C) CORRECT. Resource management refers to the centralized coordination of an emergency
response so that all victims have equal access to basic emergency care and are transported by
certified personnel, in a licensed and equipped ambulance, to an appropriate facility.
,D) INCORRECT. The centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and
care within an EMS system is not referred to as central deployment.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
5) Which of the following agencies is responsible for establishing EMS system assessment
programs?
A) Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
B) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)
C) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
D) United States Health Services Agency (HSA)
Answer: C
Explanation: A) INCORRECT. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is not
responsible for EMS system assessment programs.
B) INCORRECT. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) does not establish EMS
system assessment programs.
C) CORRECT. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Technical
Assistance Program has established assessment programs with set standards for EMS systems.
D) INCORRECT. The United States Department of Health and Human Services has no oversight
of EMS systems.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
6) Why is research published in a medical journal more authoritative than the information in a
typical article published in an EMS magazine?
A) Research in medical journals is original and peer reviewed.
B) EMS magazine articles tend to be poorly researched.
C) EMS articles are generally opinion pieces.
D) Medical journals don't rely on advertising revenue as EMS magazines do.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. The research that is published in medical journals is peer reviewed.
This means that the research was submitted to a professional journal and reviewed by several of
the researcher's peers. This process helps to ensure that the research methods and results are
accurate and high quality. This research is published in peer-reviewed journals. Articles in EMS
magazines do not present original, peer-reviewed research.
B) INCORRECT. EMS magazine articles may be well researched.
C) INCORRECT. An EMS magazine article may not be an opinion piece.
D) INCORRECT. Reliance on advertising revenue, or lack thereof, is not what makes the
research presented in medical journals authoritative.
Page Ref: 19
Objective: 1.4
, 7) What has the modern emergency medical services (EMS) system been developed to provide?
A) Hospital-quality care at the emergency scene and during transport
B) Prompt emergency response to the scene regardless of risk
C) Safe emergency transportation that postpones care to arrival
D) Trained medical personnel who can manage emergencies entirely at the scene
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged the United
States Department of Transportation (DOT) with assisting the states in upgrading the quality of
their prehospital emergency care.
B) INCORRECT. Prompt responses are an important part of any EMS system, but not only that,
and not regardless of risk.
C) INCORRECT. Safe emergency transportation is only part of what modern EMS systems were
developed for, and not postponing care to arrival.
D) INCORRECT. Modern EMS systems were designed to provide more than just trained
medical personnel, and care that continues during transport to the hospital.
Page Ref: 4
Objective: 1.1
8) Which of the following is the most common gateway for hospital services for patients who
need emergency medical assistance?
A) Emergency department
B) Emergency medical services system
C) Surgical services department
D) Emergency medical dispatch center
Answer: A
Explanation: A) CORRECT. The emergency department serves as the gateway for the rest of the
services offered by a hospital.
B) INCORRECT. The EMS system is not generally involved with hospital services other than
the emergency department.
C) INCORRECT. Although an important component of a hospital's services, not all emergency
medical patients will require surgery.
D) INCORRECT. An emergency medical dispatch center coordinates transports to the hospitals,
but is not involved in determining or promoting specific hospital services.
Page Ref: 6
Objective: 1.1
9) Which of the following best describes a communication system capable of identifying the
number and location of the phone from which a caller is calling?
A) Data display 911
B) Priority dispatch 911
C) Enhanced 911
D) Advanced 911
Answer: C
