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“ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY TEST BANK 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026
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Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank
(one best answer) Which type of smooth muscle can synchronize contraction
of many cells just like we see in heart atria and heart ventricles?
A) Multi-unit
B) Single-unit
C) (the statement is false, smooth muscle cannot do this)
B) Single unit
Which ONE of the below does NOT affect smooth muscle contractions inany
way?
A) ACh delivered by a parasympathetic en passant synapse
B) ACh delivered by a somatic motor neuron synapse
C) Epinephrine from the adrenal medulla, delivered by the blood
D) NE delivered by a sympathetic en passant synapse
E) Pacemaker action potentials delivered by gap junctions
B) ACh delivered by a somatic motor neuron synapse.
Ordering: use numbers in the blanks to show the order of how long each cell
type's actionpotential lasts, from fastest to slowest:
___ Cardiac contractile AP
___ Skeletal contractile AP
___ Smooth contractile AP
1. Skeletal contractile AP
2. Cardiac contractile AP
3. Smooth contractile AP
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(all that apply) Which types of muscle cells are connected to one another by
gap junctions,acting a bit like "one big cell"?
A) Atrial contractile cells
B) Multi-unit smooth muscle cells
C) Single-unit smooth muscle cells
D) Skeletal muscle cells
E) Ventricular contractile cells
C) Single-unit smooth muscle cells
A) Atrial contractile cells
(all that apply) The CardioVascular system plays a variety of physiological
roles, includingtransport of blood-borne gases, nutrients, wastes, and ligand
messages. Which of the followingdoes the CV system also do?
A) New blood cells are produced/born by mitosis in the bloodstream
B) Heat is carried to the body core and periphery in the bloodstream
C) Transport components of the immune system in the bloodstream
D) Move blood to and from organs that regulate body fluid osmolarity by
"saving anddumping" water or solutes, as needed
C) Transport components of the immune system in the bloodstream
D) Move blood to and from organs that regulate body fluid osmolarity by "saving and
dumping" water or solutes, as needed
(one best answer) Which one blood vessel type isn't built to change its
diameter? (think:smooth M=)
A) Artery
B) Arteriole
C) Capillary
D) Venule
E) Vein
C) Capillary
one best answer) Which part of the CNS contains the control center by which
the ANSregulates arteriole diameter?
A) Autonomic ganglia in pathways to the vessels
B) Brainstem
C) Cerebellum
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D) Hypothalamus
E) Spinal cord gray matter
D) Hypothalamus
matching) Match the unit of measure listed that is most appropriate for
evaluating variousaspects of CardioVascular function. You may use the same
unit of measure more than onceOR not at all, so choose carefully
.___ Blood flow
___ Blood pressure
___ Blood vessel diameter
___ Cardiac output
___ ECG wave amplitude
___ Total blood volume in the body
a. Milliliters
b. Millimeters
c. Milliliters per minute
d. Millimeters per minute
e. Milliliters of Mercury
'f. Millimeters of Mercury
g. Millivolts
h. Newtons
blood flow: c. Milliliters per minute
Blood pressure: f. Millimeters of Mercury (mmHg)
Blood vessel diameter: b. Millimeters
Cardiac output: c. Milliliters per minute
ECG wave amplitude: g. Millivolts
Total blood volume in the body: a. Milliliters
all that apply) Which statements about the CV system are true?
A) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow
through it increases much more than 2x (actually 16x).
B) If an arteriole halves its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow
through it decreases more than half (actually 1/16).
C) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasodilation, blood flow through
it increases much more than 2x (actually 16x).
D) The systemic BP gradient produced by a healthy left ventricle is plenty
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strong enough to push blood out of the ventricle and all the way back to the
heart.
B) If an arteriole halves its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow through it
decreases more than half (actually 1/16).
C) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasodilation, blood flow through it
increases
much more than 2x (actually 16x).
D) The systemic BP gradient produced by a healthy left ventricle is plenty strong
enough to
push blood out of the ventricle and all the way back to the heart.
(all that apply) Which of the following contribute to INCREASING peripheral
resistance to bloodflow?
A) Higher vessel diameter
B) Lower vessel diameter
C) Higher distance from heart ventricle
D) Lower distance from heart ventricle
E) More capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are relaxed)
F) Fewer capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are contracted
B) lower vessel diameter
C) Higher distance from heart ventricle
F) Fewer capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are contracted)
(one best answer) Because peripheral resistance is lower in the
_____________________vasculature than in the ________________________
vasculature, peak systolic bloodpressure is lower there, too.
A) Arterial/Venous
B) Venous/Arterial
C) Pulmonary/Systemic
D) Systemic/Pulmonary
D) Systemic/Pulmonary
(all that apply) Which four (4) statements are true about vasodilation?
A) It decreases vessel diameter
B) It increases vessel diameter
C) It decreases peripheral resistance
D) It increases peripheral resistance
“ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY TEST BANK 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026
SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST VERSION)
WELL REVISED AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDALE 100% GUARANTEE PASS
Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank
(one best answer) Which type of smooth muscle can synchronize contraction
of many cells just like we see in heart atria and heart ventricles?
A) Multi-unit
B) Single-unit
C) (the statement is false, smooth muscle cannot do this)
B) Single unit
Which ONE of the below does NOT affect smooth muscle contractions inany
way?
A) ACh delivered by a parasympathetic en passant synapse
B) ACh delivered by a somatic motor neuron synapse
C) Epinephrine from the adrenal medulla, delivered by the blood
D) NE delivered by a sympathetic en passant synapse
E) Pacemaker action potentials delivered by gap junctions
B) ACh delivered by a somatic motor neuron synapse.
Ordering: use numbers in the blanks to show the order of how long each cell
type's actionpotential lasts, from fastest to slowest:
___ Cardiac contractile AP
___ Skeletal contractile AP
___ Smooth contractile AP
1. Skeletal contractile AP
2. Cardiac contractile AP
3. Smooth contractile AP
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(all that apply) Which types of muscle cells are connected to one another by
gap junctions,acting a bit like "one big cell"?
A) Atrial contractile cells
B) Multi-unit smooth muscle cells
C) Single-unit smooth muscle cells
D) Skeletal muscle cells
E) Ventricular contractile cells
C) Single-unit smooth muscle cells
A) Atrial contractile cells
(all that apply) The CardioVascular system plays a variety of physiological
roles, includingtransport of blood-borne gases, nutrients, wastes, and ligand
messages. Which of the followingdoes the CV system also do?
A) New blood cells are produced/born by mitosis in the bloodstream
B) Heat is carried to the body core and periphery in the bloodstream
C) Transport components of the immune system in the bloodstream
D) Move blood to and from organs that regulate body fluid osmolarity by
"saving anddumping" water or solutes, as needed
C) Transport components of the immune system in the bloodstream
D) Move blood to and from organs that regulate body fluid osmolarity by "saving and
dumping" water or solutes, as needed
(one best answer) Which one blood vessel type isn't built to change its
diameter? (think:smooth M=)
A) Artery
B) Arteriole
C) Capillary
D) Venule
E) Vein
C) Capillary
one best answer) Which part of the CNS contains the control center by which
the ANSregulates arteriole diameter?
A) Autonomic ganglia in pathways to the vessels
B) Brainstem
C) Cerebellum
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D) Hypothalamus
E) Spinal cord gray matter
D) Hypothalamus
matching) Match the unit of measure listed that is most appropriate for
evaluating variousaspects of CardioVascular function. You may use the same
unit of measure more than onceOR not at all, so choose carefully
.___ Blood flow
___ Blood pressure
___ Blood vessel diameter
___ Cardiac output
___ ECG wave amplitude
___ Total blood volume in the body
a. Milliliters
b. Millimeters
c. Milliliters per minute
d. Millimeters per minute
e. Milliliters of Mercury
'f. Millimeters of Mercury
g. Millivolts
h. Newtons
blood flow: c. Milliliters per minute
Blood pressure: f. Millimeters of Mercury (mmHg)
Blood vessel diameter: b. Millimeters
Cardiac output: c. Milliliters per minute
ECG wave amplitude: g. Millivolts
Total blood volume in the body: a. Milliliters
all that apply) Which statements about the CV system are true?
A) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow
through it increases much more than 2x (actually 16x).
B) If an arteriole halves its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow
through it decreases more than half (actually 1/16).
C) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasodilation, blood flow through
it increases much more than 2x (actually 16x).
D) The systemic BP gradient produced by a healthy left ventricle is plenty
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strong enough to push blood out of the ventricle and all the way back to the
heart.
B) If an arteriole halves its diameter through vasoconstriction, blood flow through it
decreases more than half (actually 1/16).
C) If an arteriole doubles its diameter through vasodilation, blood flow through it
increases
much more than 2x (actually 16x).
D) The systemic BP gradient produced by a healthy left ventricle is plenty strong
enough to
push blood out of the ventricle and all the way back to the heart.
(all that apply) Which of the following contribute to INCREASING peripheral
resistance to bloodflow?
A) Higher vessel diameter
B) Lower vessel diameter
C) Higher distance from heart ventricle
D) Lower distance from heart ventricle
E) More capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are relaxed)
F) Fewer capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are contracted
B) lower vessel diameter
C) Higher distance from heart ventricle
F) Fewer capillaries perfused in a bed (pre-capillary sphincters are contracted)
(one best answer) Because peripheral resistance is lower in the
_____________________vasculature than in the ________________________
vasculature, peak systolic bloodpressure is lower there, too.
A) Arterial/Venous
B) Venous/Arterial
C) Pulmonary/Systemic
D) Systemic/Pulmonary
D) Systemic/Pulmonary
(all that apply) Which four (4) statements are true about vasodilation?
A) It decreases vessel diameter
B) It increases vessel diameter
C) It decreases peripheral resistance
D) It increases peripheral resistance
