Certified Lactation Counselor (CLC)
Study questions and answers 2025\2026
A+ Grade
AAP
- correct answer American Academy of Pediatrics
ABM
- correct answer Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
AGA
- correct answer Appropriate for gestational age.
Alveoli
- correct answer Small glands in the breast that produce breast milk.
Amenorrhea
- correct answer The absence of menstruation.
Aysemmetric latch
- correct answer Optimal attachment to the breast, where the babies lips are not centered in
relationship to the areola, but rather vertically off centered, with the babies chin and lower lip closer to
the edge of the areola and the babies upper lip.
Atopy
- correct answer And allergy for which there is a genetic predisposition, such as asthma, eczema, or
rhinitis.
,(BFHI) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
- correct answer The UNICEF baby friendly hospital initiative, an international program recognizing
hospitals and birth centers that implement the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding.
Bilirubin
- correct answer The byproduct of the breakdown of the hemoglobin portion of red blood cells.
Bilirubin Encephalopathy
- correct answer Damage to the brain and central nervous system related to hyperbilirubinemia
(Jaundice); Also known as "Kernicterus."
Milk Bleb
- correct answer A firm, small, white spot near the nipple pore opening containing accumulated milk
solids. Also referred to as a milk blister.
Block Feeding
- correct answer A pattern of feeding: used to deal with an over-abundant milk supply. In block feeding,
the mother offers the baby only one breast for one, two, or three feedings to generate mild local
pressure to slow down milk production. Then she offers the other breast for another block of time.
Blocked Duct
- correct answer A condition in which milk from one part of the breast does not flow well and forms a
lump of solidified milk that blocks the milk duct.
Brachial Plexus Injury
- correct answer Decreased movement or sensation in the arm caused by injury to the bundle of nerves
passing through the shoulder area. This may be caused during birth by pressure to the shoulder area.
Bradycardia
- correct answer Slow heart rate, less than 100 bpm in an infant.
Breast Abscess
- correct answer An area in the breast that feels hot and painful and is full of fluid. Typically resulting
from unresolved mastitis.
, Breast Compression
- correct answer A hands-on method used during nursing or pumping to increase the flow of milk. The
mother gently sneezes, or compresses gently, her breast. Typically used when milk flow stops or slows,
to increase milk flow again. Also called "alternate massage."
Breastmilk Jaundice
- correct answer Jaundice occurring in the breast fed infant after 10-14 days of life. The cause of
breastmilk jaundice is unknown and the incident is less than 1%.
Brucellosis
- correct answer Bacterial infection from contact with animals carrying the Brucella bacteria. Infection
causes an undulating fever that spikes in waves.
Candida
- correct answer A family of parasitic fungi occurring especially in the mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract.
They are usually benign but can become pathogenic and include the caustive agent (candida albicans) of
thrush.
Caput Succedaneum
- correct answer Swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn baby's scalp that develops as a baby travels
through the birth canal.
CDC
- correct answer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cephalohematoma
- correct answer A lump that rises on the head of a newborn with an hours of birth due to bleeding
beneath the bones of the skull.
Chorioamniotis
- correct answer Inflammation of the fetal membrane due to infection.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate
- correct answer A congenital birth defect causing a division or opening in the roof of the mouth and/or
split in the lip.
Study questions and answers 2025\2026
A+ Grade
AAP
- correct answer American Academy of Pediatrics
ABM
- correct answer Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
AGA
- correct answer Appropriate for gestational age.
Alveoli
- correct answer Small glands in the breast that produce breast milk.
Amenorrhea
- correct answer The absence of menstruation.
Aysemmetric latch
- correct answer Optimal attachment to the breast, where the babies lips are not centered in
relationship to the areola, but rather vertically off centered, with the babies chin and lower lip closer to
the edge of the areola and the babies upper lip.
Atopy
- correct answer And allergy for which there is a genetic predisposition, such as asthma, eczema, or
rhinitis.
,(BFHI) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
- correct answer The UNICEF baby friendly hospital initiative, an international program recognizing
hospitals and birth centers that implement the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding.
Bilirubin
- correct answer The byproduct of the breakdown of the hemoglobin portion of red blood cells.
Bilirubin Encephalopathy
- correct answer Damage to the brain and central nervous system related to hyperbilirubinemia
(Jaundice); Also known as "Kernicterus."
Milk Bleb
- correct answer A firm, small, white spot near the nipple pore opening containing accumulated milk
solids. Also referred to as a milk blister.
Block Feeding
- correct answer A pattern of feeding: used to deal with an over-abundant milk supply. In block feeding,
the mother offers the baby only one breast for one, two, or three feedings to generate mild local
pressure to slow down milk production. Then she offers the other breast for another block of time.
Blocked Duct
- correct answer A condition in which milk from one part of the breast does not flow well and forms a
lump of solidified milk that blocks the milk duct.
Brachial Plexus Injury
- correct answer Decreased movement or sensation in the arm caused by injury to the bundle of nerves
passing through the shoulder area. This may be caused during birth by pressure to the shoulder area.
Bradycardia
- correct answer Slow heart rate, less than 100 bpm in an infant.
Breast Abscess
- correct answer An area in the breast that feels hot and painful and is full of fluid. Typically resulting
from unresolved mastitis.
, Breast Compression
- correct answer A hands-on method used during nursing or pumping to increase the flow of milk. The
mother gently sneezes, or compresses gently, her breast. Typically used when milk flow stops or slows,
to increase milk flow again. Also called "alternate massage."
Breastmilk Jaundice
- correct answer Jaundice occurring in the breast fed infant after 10-14 days of life. The cause of
breastmilk jaundice is unknown and the incident is less than 1%.
Brucellosis
- correct answer Bacterial infection from contact with animals carrying the Brucella bacteria. Infection
causes an undulating fever that spikes in waves.
Candida
- correct answer A family of parasitic fungi occurring especially in the mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract.
They are usually benign but can become pathogenic and include the caustive agent (candida albicans) of
thrush.
Caput Succedaneum
- correct answer Swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn baby's scalp that develops as a baby travels
through the birth canal.
CDC
- correct answer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cephalohematoma
- correct answer A lump that rises on the head of a newborn with an hours of birth due to bleeding
beneath the bones of the skull.
Chorioamniotis
- correct answer Inflammation of the fetal membrane due to infection.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate
- correct answer A congenital birth defect causing a division or opening in the roof of the mouth and/or
split in the lip.
