Answerdone.com
TEST BANK FOR
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Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th edition
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by Tommie L Norris
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,Answerdone.com
1. Chapter 1 f6
Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most o
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fthe specific membrane functions are carried out by:
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A) Bound and transmembrane proteins f6 f6 f6
B) Complex, long carbohydrate chains f6 f6 f6
C) Surface antigens and hormone receptors f6 f6 f6 f6
D) A gating system of selective ion channels
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: A f6
Feedback:
The functions of plasma membrane depend on the presence of proteins that are bound in the lipi
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
dbilayer and some that have the ability to pass freely into and out of the cell.
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Carbohydrate chains form a cell coat that surrounds the membrane and that contain surface a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ntigens and surface hormone receptors. Some ion channels are gated and open only when the
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 6f
membrane potential changes significantly. f6 f6 f6
2. Which describes the function of the nucleus?
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A) It is basically the site of protein synthesis in the body.
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B) It contains the genetic code for the individual.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) It is the transformer of cellular energy.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) It initiates the process of aerobic metabolism.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: B f6
Feedback:
The nucleus contains DNA, which contains the genetic code that contains the information that c
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ontrols cells. Ribosomes synthesize protein. Mitochondria transform organic compounds into ce
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
llular energy. Mitochondria require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, using hydrogen and carbon
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
combined with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide and water as energy is released.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
3. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosoma
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
lRNA (rRNA)?
6f f6
,Answerdone.com
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: C f6
Feedback:
There are three types of ribonucleic acid (messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
)that move to the cytoplasm and carry out the actual synthesis of proteins.
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies and carries the DNA instructions for protein synthesis to th
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ecytoplasm; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the site of protein synthesis; and transfer RNA (tRN
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A)transports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis for incorporation into the protein bei
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ng synthesized.
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4. Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
-out cell parts
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B) Function in association with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify protein end product
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sand package them into secretory granules or vesicles
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C) Are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins tha
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tremain in the cell as cytoplasmic structural or functional elements
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D) Are a dynamic system of interconnected membranous tubes that functions as a tubula
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
rcommunication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to anoth
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
er
Ans: A f6
Feedback:
Lysosomes are sacs that are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that aid in the processing and remo
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
val of unwanted substances within the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus functions in association
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f
with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify and package substances in preparation forsecretion,
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whereas ribosomes are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of pr
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
oteins. The ER is a tubular communication system for transporting various substances from on
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
e part of the cell to another.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
, Answerdone.com
5. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Inadequate sites for protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
B) An inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane
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C) Insufficient energy production within a cell f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: D f6
Feedback:
Peroxisomes function in the control of free radicals; unless degraded, these highly unstabl
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
echemical compounds damage other cytoplasmic molecules. Peroxisomes do not directly
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
contribute to energy production, protein synthesis, or transport of cellular secretions.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
6. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the ―power plants‖ o
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fthe cell because they:
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A) Contain RNA for protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
B) Utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy
f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Extract energy from organic compounds
f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Store calcium bonds for muscle contractions
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: C f6
Feedback:
Mitochondria contain the enzymes needed for transforming organic compounds into energy tha
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
tis easily accessible to the cell. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. Glycolysis is anaerobic
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
metabolism and unrelated to oxidative energy. Mitochondria store phosphate bonds (such as in
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f
6ATP) to power cellular functions.
f6 f6 f6 f6
7. Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of th
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
efollowing cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
TEST BANK FOR
f6 f6
Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th edition
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
by Tommie L Norris
f6 f6 f6
,Answerdone.com
1. Chapter 1 f6
Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most o
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
fthe specific membrane functions are carried out by:
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Bound and transmembrane proteins f6 f6 f6
B) Complex, long carbohydrate chains f6 f6 f6
C) Surface antigens and hormone receptors f6 f6 f6 f6
D) A gating system of selective ion channels
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: A f6
Feedback:
The functions of plasma membrane depend on the presence of proteins that are bound in the lipi
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
dbilayer and some that have the ability to pass freely into and out of the cell.
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Carbohydrate chains form a cell coat that surrounds the membrane and that contain surface a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ntigens and surface hormone receptors. Some ion channels are gated and open only when the
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 6f
membrane potential changes significantly. f6 f6 f6
2. Which describes the function of the nucleus?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) It is basically the site of protein synthesis in the body.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
B) It contains the genetic code for the individual.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) It is the transformer of cellular energy.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) It initiates the process of aerobic metabolism.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: B f6
Feedback:
The nucleus contains DNA, which contains the genetic code that contains the information that c
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ontrols cells. Ribosomes synthesize protein. Mitochondria transform organic compounds into ce
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
llular energy. Mitochondria require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, using hydrogen and carbon
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
combined with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide and water as energy is released.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
3. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosoma
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
lRNA (rRNA)?
6f f6
,Answerdone.com
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: C f6
Feedback:
There are three types of ribonucleic acid (messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
)that move to the cytoplasm and carry out the actual synthesis of proteins.
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies and carries the DNA instructions for protein synthesis to th
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ecytoplasm; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the site of protein synthesis; and transfer RNA (tRN
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A)transports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis for incorporation into the protein bei
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ng synthesized.
f6
4. Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
-out cell parts
6f f6 f6
B) Function in association with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify protein end product
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
sand package them into secretory granules or vesicles
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins tha
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
tremain in the cell as cytoplasmic structural or functional elements
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Are a dynamic system of interconnected membranous tubes that functions as a tubula
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
rcommunication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to anoth
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
er
Ans: A f6
Feedback:
Lysosomes are sacs that are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that aid in the processing and remo
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
val of unwanted substances within the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus functions in association
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f
with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify and package substances in preparation forsecretion,
6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 6f f6
whereas ribosomes are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of pr
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
oteins. The ER is a tubular communication system for transporting various substances from on
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
e part of the cell to another.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
, Answerdone.com
5. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Inadequate sites for protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
B) An inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Insufficient energy production within a cell f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: D f6
Feedback:
Peroxisomes function in the control of free radicals; unless degraded, these highly unstabl
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
echemical compounds damage other cytoplasmic molecules. Peroxisomes do not directly
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
contribute to energy production, protein synthesis, or transport of cellular secretions.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
6. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the ―power plants‖ o
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
fthe cell because they:
6f f6 f6 f6
A) Contain RNA for protein synthesis f6 f6 f6 f6
B) Utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy
f6 f6 f6 f6
C) Extract energy from organic compounds
f6 f6 f6 f6
D) Store calcium bonds for muscle contractions
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
Ans: C f6
Feedback:
Mitochondria contain the enzymes needed for transforming organic compounds into energy tha
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
tis easily accessible to the cell. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. Glycolysis is anaerobic
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
metabolism and unrelated to oxidative energy. Mitochondria store phosphate bonds (such as in
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f
6ATP) to power cellular functions.
f6 f6 f6 f6
7. Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of th
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
efollowing cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?
6f f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
