A&P EXAM 2 LATEST WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS
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4 categories of tissues - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Epithelial
(1), Connective (2), Nervous (3), Muscular (4)
Definition of an organ - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Composed of two or more tissue types
Definition of histology (microscopic anatomy) -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of tissues and how they
are arranged into organs
Definition of a tissue - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ A group of
similar cells and cell products working together to
perform a specific role in an organ
Components of matrix (extracellular material) -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Fibrous proteins and ground
substance
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The 3 primary germ layers - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Ectoderm (outer), mesoderm (middle), and endoderm
(inner)
The ectoderm gives rise to what? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
The epidermis and nervous system
The mesoderm gives rise to what? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Cartilage, bone, and blood
The mesoderm becomes what? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Mesenchyme, a gelatinous tissue
The endoderm gives rise to what? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ The mucous membrane that lines the digestive
and respiratory tracts
Where can one find epithelial tissue? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Epithelium covers body surfaces and lines body
cavities
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What is the primary feature of all epithelium? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ All epithelium are avascular,
meaning that they do not have blood vessels.
What nourishes epithelium in place of blood vessels? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Underlying connective tissue
What are the 6 main functions of epithelial tissue? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Protection (1), Secretion (2),
Excretion (3), Absorption (4), Filtration (5), Sensation (6)
Definition of a basement membrane - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ The layer between an epithelium and
underlying connective tissue
Basal surface - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Surface facing the
basement membrane
Apical surface - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Surface that faces
away from the basement membrane
Lateral surface - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ "Surface
between the basal and apical surface, the ""sidewall"""
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The 3 shapes of epithelium - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Squamous (1), Cuboidal (2), Columnar (3)
Goblet cells - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Wineglass-shaped,
mucus-secreting cells in simple columnar and
pseudostratified epithelia
Locations of simple squamous ET - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Alveoli (lungs), glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa
Locations of simple columnar ET - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Lining of the GI tract, uterus, kidney, and uterine tubes
Location of simple cuboidal ET - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Liver, thyroid, mammary and salivary glands,
bronchioles, and kidney tubules
Locations of ciliated pseudostratified columnar ET -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Respiratory tract and portions of
male urethra