,Chapter01:Introductionto ImagingandRadiologicSciences l
Adler:IntroductiontoRadiologicandImagingSciencesandPatientCare,8thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Theuseofx-raystocreatea medicalimage on patientsisreferredto7 n 7 n as
l l l
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS:7 n B
Radiographyis themakingofrecordsofinternalstructuresofthebodybypassageofx-
l
raysorgammaraysthrough the body.7nTheserecords orimagesare typicallyreferredto as7nradiogra7n
l l l l l
phs.
REF: p.7n4
2. Particularcaremustbe taken when using radiationformedicalimaging.Thisistheresult of radiat7 n 7
l l l l l l
n ion’s abilityto create
l l inhuman tissueand possiblebiochemicalchanges.
l l l
a. ionizations
b. radiowaves
c. soundwaves
d. thermalchanges
ANS:7 n A
Someforms ofelectromagneticenergy,including x-
l l
rays,havetheabilitytoionizeatomsinmatter.7nTheseionizationshavetheabilitytodisrupttheco7 n mpos
ition of matterandare capableofdisruptinglifeprocesses.7nSpecialprotectionshouldbepro7nvidedto pre
l l l l
vent excessiveexposureto ionizingradiation.
l l
REF: p.7n3
3. In thediagnosis of7npatient diseasestates,7nphysicians7ncan select7nfrom an7narrayofmedicaldiagno
l l l l l
sti7ncmodalities.Afewof theseinvolve theuseofionizingenergytocreatea medicalimage.7nIfaphy
l l l
s7nicianisconcernedabout theuseofionizing radiation,heorshemaychoosetoorderanyofthefoll7no
l l
wing diagnosticmodalities7nEXCEPT
l
a. thermograms.
b. medicalsonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS:7 n C
Radiographyinvolvestheuseofx-
rays7nfortheproductionofmedicalimages.7nMedicalproceduressuchas thermograms,sonograms, l
7nandmagnetic resonancescansusenonionizing energyformsandconsequentlydonotproduceion7ni
l l
zationsin humantissue.7nTheyareregardedasnonionizingmodalitiesforimagingandofferexcell7n
l
entalternativesto physiciansconcerned about radiationexposure topatients.
l l l l
, REF:7 n pp.7n3-4
4. TheGreekphysicianHippocratesisregarded asthefatherof Westernmedicine.Allofthefollo7 n 7 l l
n wing choices representhismedicalbeliefs7nEXCEPTthe
l l
a. useofhigh ethicalstandardsofconduct.
l
b. importantmedicalvalueofsorceryand witchcraft. l
c. importanceofcloselymonitoringapatient’scondition andrecovery. l
d. valueofdietand exerciseandallowingnatureto take itscourseinrecovery.
l l l
ANS:7 n B
TheHippocraticCorpusiswritings thattheyemphasize rationalandnaturalexplanationsforthetr7neat
l l
ment ofdiseaseandreject sorceryand magic.The7nHippocraticoathstillgovernstheethicalcon7ndu
l l l
ctofphysicianstoday.
REF: p.7n5
5. Throughoutthe historyof medicine,remarkableachievementshavebeenrecorded.Theseeve7nnt
l l
s haveledtoourcurrent understandingofthehuman organismand disease.As thisresearchc7nonti
l l l l l
nues,7nmuchofitwillmostlikelyfocus on l
a. propersanitationand publichealth. l
b. immunologyandthedevelopmentofvaccines.
c. germtheoryandinfection.
d. humangenesand geneticengineering. l
ANS:7 n D
Althoughthe Human7nGenome7nProjectisfinished,7nanalyses of the data willcontinueformanyyear7ns.T
l l l l l
hereplacementoffaultygenesthroughgenetherapyoffers promisesofcuresfora varietyofh7 n 7 n eredita l l
rydiseases,7nandthroughgeneticengineering,7nimportantpharmaceuticalscontinuetobed7neveloped.7n
Medicalresearchwillcontinuetofocusonthegenetic codeinallcells. l
REF: p.7n6
6. Wilhelm7nC.7nRoentgen’s7ndiscoveryof―thex-
ray‖isregarded7nas7noneofmedicine’s most7nsignificantachievements.Althoughhisdiscoveryl
w7nas accidental,hisearlyresearchwasso7nthoroughthatnosignificantfindingshave beenaddedt
l l
o7nhis originaltheories.This initselfisa truetribute tothebrillianceof7nRoentgen7nas ascientist.7n
l l l l l
One 7 n ofthemost famousearlyimageshe created was7nan7nx-rayimageof his
l l l l l
a. colon.
b. laboratoryassistant’s foot. l
c. wife’s hand. l
d. kidneys.
ANS:7 n C
November8,1895,isbelievedbyhistorianstobethedaythatRoentgencreatedthefamousimage7noft
hehandofhiswife.7nThroughhisinvestigativemethods,7nRoentgenidentifiedthepropertiesof7 n x
-rays.
REF: p.7n6
, 7. Avaluablex-rayprocedureusedtodiagnoseamyocardialinfarctionis
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryarteriography.
ANS:7 n D
Coronaryarteriographyis an7nextremelyvaluabletoolindiagnosingatherosclerosis,7nwhich7ncan
l l
bl7nockthe coronaryarteriesandcausea heart attack(myocardialinfarction).7nBywayofaspecialca
l l l
th7neterwithaballoontip,7neffectivetreatmentofatherosclerosisispossible.7nThistreatmentofablo
ck7ned7nbloodvesselistermed7nangioplasty.Angioplastyisusedto treatpatientswithouthavingto u l l
se i7nnvasiveopen-heart surgery.
l l
REF: p.7n8
8. Allofthefollowingaretrueofthe diagnosticprocedureofmammographyEXCEPT
l
a. itisveryvaluableforthedetection ofearlybreastcancers. l
b. theproceduresmaybeperformedusingageneralradiographicmachine.
c. radiographersneedtobespeciallytrainedinordertoperform mammography. l
d. radiographersmust becertified bythe ARRTtoqualifyforthemammographyexa7 n
l l l
mination.
ANS:7 n B
Specialbreast imagingcentershavebeen builttoaccommodatethedemandformammographypr7
l l n
7 n ocedures.Equipment andsupplies,suchasaspeciallydesignedx-raytube7nand high-
l l
7nresolution digitalimaging detectors,7nareusedtocreatehigh-
l l
qualitybreast images.7nMammographycannotbeperformed using generalx-
l l l
rayequipment.7nREF: p.7n8
9. Tostudythebloodvesselsofthebrain,kidneys,liver,andotherorgans,contrastmaterialis7nadmi7 n
nistered intothesevesselsbyusing
l
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none oftheabove.
l
ANS:7 n A
Angiographyisthetermforradiologicexaminationof thebloodvesselsafterinjectionofacontr7nast l
medium.Mostoften,thecontrastmaterialis injectedthroughacatheter,whichcan7nbedirecte7nd to
l l
avarietyofmajorarteries orveinsforvisualization of thesestructures.
l l l
REF: p.7n8
10. Radiologicsciencecontinuesto beoneofthemostexciting professionsinmedicine.An7nimag7
l l
ningmodalitythat usesno ionizingradiationandtheenergyofradio waves andmagneticfield7 n
l l l l
7 n sis
a. nuclearimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
Adler:IntroductiontoRadiologicandImagingSciencesandPatientCare,8thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Theuseofx-raystocreatea medicalimage on patientsisreferredto7 n 7 n as
l l l
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS:7 n B
Radiographyis themakingofrecordsofinternalstructuresofthebodybypassageofx-
l
raysorgammaraysthrough the body.7nTheserecords orimagesare typicallyreferredto as7nradiogra7n
l l l l l
phs.
REF: p.7n4
2. Particularcaremustbe taken when using radiationformedicalimaging.Thisistheresult of radiat7 n 7
l l l l l l
n ion’s abilityto create
l l inhuman tissueand possiblebiochemicalchanges.
l l l
a. ionizations
b. radiowaves
c. soundwaves
d. thermalchanges
ANS:7 n A
Someforms ofelectromagneticenergy,including x-
l l
rays,havetheabilitytoionizeatomsinmatter.7nTheseionizationshavetheabilitytodisrupttheco7 n mpos
ition of matterandare capableofdisruptinglifeprocesses.7nSpecialprotectionshouldbepro7nvidedto pre
l l l l
vent excessiveexposureto ionizingradiation.
l l
REF: p.7n3
3. In thediagnosis of7npatient diseasestates,7nphysicians7ncan select7nfrom an7narrayofmedicaldiagno
l l l l l
sti7ncmodalities.Afewof theseinvolve theuseofionizingenergytocreatea medicalimage.7nIfaphy
l l l
s7nicianisconcernedabout theuseofionizing radiation,heorshemaychoosetoorderanyofthefoll7no
l l
wing diagnosticmodalities7nEXCEPT
l
a. thermograms.
b. medicalsonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS:7 n C
Radiographyinvolvestheuseofx-
rays7nfortheproductionofmedicalimages.7nMedicalproceduressuchas thermograms,sonograms, l
7nandmagnetic resonancescansusenonionizing energyformsandconsequentlydonotproduceion7ni
l l
zationsin humantissue.7nTheyareregardedasnonionizingmodalitiesforimagingandofferexcell7n
l
entalternativesto physiciansconcerned about radiationexposure topatients.
l l l l
, REF:7 n pp.7n3-4
4. TheGreekphysicianHippocratesisregarded asthefatherof Westernmedicine.Allofthefollo7 n 7 l l
n wing choices representhismedicalbeliefs7nEXCEPTthe
l l
a. useofhigh ethicalstandardsofconduct.
l
b. importantmedicalvalueofsorceryand witchcraft. l
c. importanceofcloselymonitoringapatient’scondition andrecovery. l
d. valueofdietand exerciseandallowingnatureto take itscourseinrecovery.
l l l
ANS:7 n B
TheHippocraticCorpusiswritings thattheyemphasize rationalandnaturalexplanationsforthetr7neat
l l
ment ofdiseaseandreject sorceryand magic.The7nHippocraticoathstillgovernstheethicalcon7ndu
l l l
ctofphysicianstoday.
REF: p.7n5
5. Throughoutthe historyof medicine,remarkableachievementshavebeenrecorded.Theseeve7nnt
l l
s haveledtoourcurrent understandingofthehuman organismand disease.As thisresearchc7nonti
l l l l l
nues,7nmuchofitwillmostlikelyfocus on l
a. propersanitationand publichealth. l
b. immunologyandthedevelopmentofvaccines.
c. germtheoryandinfection.
d. humangenesand geneticengineering. l
ANS:7 n D
Althoughthe Human7nGenome7nProjectisfinished,7nanalyses of the data willcontinueformanyyear7ns.T
l l l l l
hereplacementoffaultygenesthroughgenetherapyoffers promisesofcuresfora varietyofh7 n 7 n eredita l l
rydiseases,7nandthroughgeneticengineering,7nimportantpharmaceuticalscontinuetobed7neveloped.7n
Medicalresearchwillcontinuetofocusonthegenetic codeinallcells. l
REF: p.7n6
6. Wilhelm7nC.7nRoentgen’s7ndiscoveryof―thex-
ray‖isregarded7nas7noneofmedicine’s most7nsignificantachievements.Althoughhisdiscoveryl
w7nas accidental,hisearlyresearchwasso7nthoroughthatnosignificantfindingshave beenaddedt
l l
o7nhis originaltheories.This initselfisa truetribute tothebrillianceof7nRoentgen7nas ascientist.7n
l l l l l
One 7 n ofthemost famousearlyimageshe created was7nan7nx-rayimageof his
l l l l l
a. colon.
b. laboratoryassistant’s foot. l
c. wife’s hand. l
d. kidneys.
ANS:7 n C
November8,1895,isbelievedbyhistorianstobethedaythatRoentgencreatedthefamousimage7noft
hehandofhiswife.7nThroughhisinvestigativemethods,7nRoentgenidentifiedthepropertiesof7 n x
-rays.
REF: p.7n6
, 7. Avaluablex-rayprocedureusedtodiagnoseamyocardialinfarctionis
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryarteriography.
ANS:7 n D
Coronaryarteriographyis an7nextremelyvaluabletoolindiagnosingatherosclerosis,7nwhich7ncan
l l
bl7nockthe coronaryarteriesandcausea heart attack(myocardialinfarction).7nBywayofaspecialca
l l l
th7neterwithaballoontip,7neffectivetreatmentofatherosclerosisispossible.7nThistreatmentofablo
ck7ned7nbloodvesselistermed7nangioplasty.Angioplastyisusedto treatpatientswithouthavingto u l l
se i7nnvasiveopen-heart surgery.
l l
REF: p.7n8
8. Allofthefollowingaretrueofthe diagnosticprocedureofmammographyEXCEPT
l
a. itisveryvaluableforthedetection ofearlybreastcancers. l
b. theproceduresmaybeperformedusingageneralradiographicmachine.
c. radiographersneedtobespeciallytrainedinordertoperform mammography. l
d. radiographersmust becertified bythe ARRTtoqualifyforthemammographyexa7 n
l l l
mination.
ANS:7 n B
Specialbreast imagingcentershavebeen builttoaccommodatethedemandformammographypr7
l l n
7 n ocedures.Equipment andsupplies,suchasaspeciallydesignedx-raytube7nand high-
l l
7nresolution digitalimaging detectors,7nareusedtocreatehigh-
l l
qualitybreast images.7nMammographycannotbeperformed using generalx-
l l l
rayequipment.7nREF: p.7n8
9. Tostudythebloodvesselsofthebrain,kidneys,liver,andotherorgans,contrastmaterialis7nadmi7 n
nistered intothesevesselsbyusing
l
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none oftheabove.
l
ANS:7 n A
Angiographyisthetermforradiologicexaminationof thebloodvesselsafterinjectionofacontr7nast l
medium.Mostoften,thecontrastmaterialis injectedthroughacatheter,whichcan7nbedirecte7nd to
l l
avarietyofmajorarteries orveinsforvisualization of thesestructures.
l l l
REF: p.7n8
10. Radiologicsciencecontinuesto beoneofthemostexciting professionsinmedicine.An7nimag7
l l
ningmodalitythat usesno ionizingradiationandtheenergyofradio waves andmagneticfield7 n
l l l l
7 n sis
a. nuclearimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
