CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 1
VOCABULARY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
evolution - answer- the concept that the organisms living on Earth today are the
modified descendants of common ancestors
biology - answer- the scientific study of life
emergent properties - answer- new properties that arise with each step upward in the
hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity
increases
systems biology - answer- the exploration of the network of interactions that underlie
the emergent properties of a system
eukaryotic cell - answer- a type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles
prokaryotic cell - answer- a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - answer- a nucleic acid molecule in which each
polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and
a nitrogenous base; capable of being replicated and determining the inherited
structure of a cell's proteins
genes - answer- a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA
gene expression - answer- the process by which information encoded in DNA directs
the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into
proteins and instead function as RNAs
genome - answer- the genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete
complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid
sequences
genomics - answer- the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions within a
species
proteomics - answer- the study of sets of proteins and their properties
proteome - answer- the entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell, tissue or
organism
VOCABULARY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
evolution - answer- the concept that the organisms living on Earth today are the
modified descendants of common ancestors
biology - answer- the scientific study of life
emergent properties - answer- new properties that arise with each step upward in the
hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity
increases
systems biology - answer- the exploration of the network of interactions that underlie
the emergent properties of a system
eukaryotic cell - answer- a type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles
prokaryotic cell - answer- a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - answer- a nucleic acid molecule in which each
polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and
a nitrogenous base; capable of being replicated and determining the inherited
structure of a cell's proteins
genes - answer- a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA
gene expression - answer- the process by which information encoded in DNA directs
the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into
proteins and instead function as RNAs
genome - answer- the genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete
complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid
sequences
genomics - answer- the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions within a
species
proteomics - answer- the study of sets of proteins and their properties
proteome - answer- the entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell, tissue or
organism
