Respiratory Drugs - NCLEX Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which class of drugs is used as a first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks?
A. Leukotriene inhibitors
B. Long-acting beta-agonists
✔✔C. Short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs)
D. Anticholinergics
What is the primary mechanism of action of albuterol?
A. Blocks acetylcholine
✔✔B. Stimulates beta-2 receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle
C. Inhibits leukotrienes
D. Reduces histamine release
Which adverse effect is most common with inhaled corticosteroids?
A. Tachycardia
✔✔B. Oral thrush
1
,C. Hypotension
D. Constipation
What is the primary use of montelukast?
A. Acute asthma attacks
✔✔B. Long-term control of asthma and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm
C. COPD exacerbations
D. Allergic rhinitis only
Which drug is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) used for asthma control?
A. Albuterol
✔✔B. Salmeterol
C. Ipratropium
D. Montelukast
What is the main nursing consideration for ipratropium administration?
A. ✔✔Monitor for dry mouth, throat irritation, and glaucoma in susceptible patients.
B. Monitor for bradycardia only
2
,C. Monitor for constipation only
Which medication is commonly used for acute COPD exacerbations?
A. Montelukast
B. Salmeterol
✔✔C. Short-acting bronchodilators like albuterol
D. Inhaled corticosteroids only
What is the mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma?
A. Bronchodilation
✔✔B. Reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness
C. Block leukotrienes
D. Stimulate beta-2 receptors
Which adverse effect is associated with systemic corticosteroids?
A. Oral thrush
✔✔B. Hyperglycemia, weight gain, and osteoporosis
C. Hypotension
3
, D. Bradycardia
What is an important teaching point for patients using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI)?
✔✔Rinse mouth after use to prevent oral thrush.
A. Take on an empty stomach
B. Avoid fluids after inhalation
C. Use only once per week
Which drug class is used to prevent exercise-induced asthma?
A. Short-acting beta-agonists
✔✔B. Leukotriene receptor antagonists or pre-exercise SABA
C. Systemic corticosteroids
D. Antihistamines
Which respiratory drug can be used as both a rescue and maintenance therapy in COPD?
A. Montelukast
✔✔B. Combination inhalers with LABA and inhaled corticosteroid
C. Ipratropium only
4
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which class of drugs is used as a first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks?
A. Leukotriene inhibitors
B. Long-acting beta-agonists
✔✔C. Short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs)
D. Anticholinergics
What is the primary mechanism of action of albuterol?
A. Blocks acetylcholine
✔✔B. Stimulates beta-2 receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle
C. Inhibits leukotrienes
D. Reduces histamine release
Which adverse effect is most common with inhaled corticosteroids?
A. Tachycardia
✔✔B. Oral thrush
1
,C. Hypotension
D. Constipation
What is the primary use of montelukast?
A. Acute asthma attacks
✔✔B. Long-term control of asthma and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm
C. COPD exacerbations
D. Allergic rhinitis only
Which drug is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) used for asthma control?
A. Albuterol
✔✔B. Salmeterol
C. Ipratropium
D. Montelukast
What is the main nursing consideration for ipratropium administration?
A. ✔✔Monitor for dry mouth, throat irritation, and glaucoma in susceptible patients.
B. Monitor for bradycardia only
2
,C. Monitor for constipation only
Which medication is commonly used for acute COPD exacerbations?
A. Montelukast
B. Salmeterol
✔✔C. Short-acting bronchodilators like albuterol
D. Inhaled corticosteroids only
What is the mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma?
A. Bronchodilation
✔✔B. Reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness
C. Block leukotrienes
D. Stimulate beta-2 receptors
Which adverse effect is associated with systemic corticosteroids?
A. Oral thrush
✔✔B. Hyperglycemia, weight gain, and osteoporosis
C. Hypotension
3
, D. Bradycardia
What is an important teaching point for patients using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI)?
✔✔Rinse mouth after use to prevent oral thrush.
A. Take on an empty stomach
B. Avoid fluids after inhalation
C. Use only once per week
Which drug class is used to prevent exercise-induced asthma?
A. Short-acting beta-agonists
✔✔B. Leukotriene receptor antagonists or pre-exercise SABA
C. Systemic corticosteroids
D. Antihistamines
Which respiratory drug can be used as both a rescue and maintenance therapy in COPD?
A. Montelukast
✔✔B. Combination inhalers with LABA and inhaled corticosteroid
C. Ipratropium only
4
