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Sagittal - (answer)Plane that separates the body into left & right portions (does not have to be equal
halves)
Midsagittal - (answer)Plane that separates the body into equal left & right halves. This is one specific
sagittal plane.
Frontal - (answer)Plane that separates the body into front & back portions
Transverse - (answer)Plane that separates the body into top & bottom portions
Superior - (answer)Towards the top
Inferior - (answer)Towards the bottom
Anterior - (answer)Toward the front
Posterior - (answer)toward the back
Cephalic - (answer)Towards the head
(towards the top on a human / towards the front on a quadruped)
Caudal - (answer)Towards the tail
(towards the bottom on a human / towards the rearon a quadruped)
Ventral - (answer)Towards the stomach
(towards the front on a human / towards the ground on a quadruped)
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Dorsal - (answer)toward the back or spine
(towards the back on a human / towards the top on a quadruped)
Medial - (answer)Towards the midline
Lateral - (answer)Away from the midline
Proximal - (answer)Closer to the point of origin or attachment
Distal - (answer)Further away from the point of origin or attachment
Contralateral - (answer)Opposite side of midline
Ipsilateral - (answer)Same side of midline
Superficial - (answer)Toward the surface
Deep - (answer)Towards the core
Physiology - (answer)the study of the normal functions of an organism
cells - (answer)basic building blocks of the body
tissues - (answer)cells that cluster together to perform a specialized function (ex: nervous tissue is
specialized to receive and conduct electrical signals over long distances in the body)
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organ - (answer)made up of at least two different types of tissue that work together to perform a
particular function
vital organs - (answer)essential for life (ex: brain, heart, lungs)
organ system - (answer)tissues and organs that work together to provide a common function; 10 major
organ systems: skeletal, muscular, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, integumentary, digestive,
endocrine, reproductive, and urinary
homeostasis - (answer)the process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal
environment; very sensitive to changes caused by illness or injury
body cavity - (answer)a hollow space in the body that contains internal organs
cranial cavity - (answer)located in head, contains brain and is protected by skull
spinal cavity - (answer)extends from bottom of the skull to the lower back; contains the spinal cord and
is protected by the vertebral (spinal) column
central nervous system - (answer)brain and spinal cord
thoracic (chest) cavity - (answer)located below neck and above diaphragm; protected by rib cage;
contains heart, major blood vessels, and lungs
pericardial cavity - (answer)surrounds the heart
pleural cavity - (answer)surrounds the lungs