Test Bank For Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions – (Chapters 1–15) | Margaret Schell Frazier | 8th Edition, Newest Version 2025

TEST BANK Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 7/E by Margaret Frazier
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,Chapter 01: Mechanisms of Disease, Diagnosis, and Treatment
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Frazier and Fuqua: Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE t




1. Signs of disease t t




a. always cause symptoms. t t




b. rarely correlate with symptoms. t t t




c. include abnormal objective findings. t t t




d. are always described by the patient. t t t t t




ANS: C t




Signs, or abnormal objective findings, are the evidence of disease found by physical
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texamination and diagnostic testing. Signs of disease often correlate with the symptoms.
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REF: p. 2 t t t OBJ: t t 2


2. Predisposing factors of disease t t t




a. precisely predict the occurrence of disease. t t t t t




b. make a person or group more vulnerable to disease. t t t t t t t t




c. never overlap or occur in combination. t t t t t




d. can all be controlled by prevention. t t t t t




ANS: B t




A person may be susceptible to a greater or lesser degree, because of one or more risk factors
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tthat overlap or occur in combination. Predisposing factors include age, gender, lifestyle,
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tenvironment, heredity, and immunodeficiency. t t t




REF: p. 2 t t t OBJ: t t 3


3. Genetic diseases may be t t t




a. produced by an abnormality in or mutation of the genetic code in a single gene. t t t t t t t t t t t t t t




b. caused by several abnormal genes. t t t t




c. caused by the abnormal presence or absence of a chromosome or an alteration
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of the structure of chromosomes.
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d. All of the answer options t t t t




ANS: D t




Genetic predisposition (inheritance) currently is considered a major risk factor. Hereditary
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, factors in disease that appear regularly in successive generations are likely to affect males and
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females equally. Hereditary or genetic diseases often develop as a result of the combined
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effects of inheritance and environmental factors.
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REF: p. 6
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4. Which statement is true of benign tumors?
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a. Tend to remain encapsulated
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b. Infiltrate surrounding tissue t t




c. Do not compress surrounding tissue or obstruct organs
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d. Do not resemble the tissue of origin
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, ANS: A t




Benign tumors usually develop slowly and can arise from any tissue. They tend to remain
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encapsulated and do not infiltrate surrounding tissue.
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REF: p. 7
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5. Which statement is true of malignant tumors?
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a. Tend to infiltrate other tissue. t t t t




b. Tend to bleed, ulcerate, and become infected.
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c. May spread to distant sites in the body.
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d. All of the answer options
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ANS: D t




Malignant tumors can represent a serious threat to the health and life of a person. Cancer cells
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are variable in appearance and disorderly (anaplastic) and tend to bleed, ulcerate, and
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become infected. Malignant tumors have the ability to infiltrate and invade the surrounding
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tissue.
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Often malignant cells enter the bloodstream or the lymphatic vessels and spread to
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distant sites in the body leading to tumor growth in other areas of the body.
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REF: p. 8
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6. Which statement is true regarding the TNM (tumor, nodes, metastasis) cancer staging system?
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a. Assesses the size and extent of the spread of the primary tumor.
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b. Is a grading system based on the degree of differentiation of tumor cells.
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c. Both answer options are true.t t t t




d. Neither answer options are true. t t t t




ANS: A t




Although a number of different staging systems exist, the majority of cancers use a TNM
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system. TNM staging assesses the neoplasm in three different areas: the size or extent of the
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primary tumor (T), the extent of regional lymph node involvement by the tumor (N), and the
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number of distant metastases (M).
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REF: p. 10
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7. The tumor Gleason grade reflects which information about the tumor?
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a. Stage