Answerdone.com
TEST BANK FOR
x x
Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th edition
x x x x x
by Tommie L Norris
x x x
,Answerdone.com
1. Chapter 1 x
Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most ofthe
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
specific membrane functions are carried out by:
x x x x x x
A) Bound and transmembrane proteinsx x x
B) Complex, long carbohydrate chains x x x
C) Surface antigens and hormone receptors
x x x x
D) A gating system of selective ion channels
x x x x x x
Ans: A x
Feedback:
The functions of plasma membrane depend on the presence of proteins that are bound in the lipidbil
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ayer and some that have the ability to pass freely into and out of the cell.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Carbohydrate chains form a cell coat that surrounds the membrane and that contain surface antig
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ens and surface hormone receptors. Some ion channels are gated and open only when themembr
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ane potential changes significantly.
x x x
2. Which describes the function of the nucleus?
x x x x x x
A) It is basically the site of protein synthesis in the body.
x x x x x x x x x x
B) It contains the genetic code for the individual.
x x x x x x x
C) It is the transformer of cellular energy.
x x x x x x
D) It initiates the process of aerobic metabolism.
x x x x x x
Ans: B x
Feedback:
The nucleus contains DNA, which contains the genetic code that contains the information that contr
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ols cells. Ribosomes synthesize protein. Mitochondria transform organic compounds into cellular e
x x x x x x x x x x x
nergy. Mitochondria require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, using hydrogen and carbon combined
x x x x x x x x x x x
with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide and water as energy is released.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
3. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomalR
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
NA (rRNA)?
x
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A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
x x x x x x x
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
x x x x x x x x
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs x x x x x x
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis x x x x
Ans: C x
Feedback:
There are three types of ribonucleic acid (messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA)th
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
at move to the cytoplasm and carry out the actual synthesis of proteins.
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies and carries the DNA instructions for protein synthesis to thecy
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
toplasm; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the site of protein synthesis; and transfer RNA (tRNA)trans
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis for incorporation into the protein being synthesi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
zed.
4. Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:
x x x x x x x x x
A) Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn-
x x x x x x x x x x x x
out cell parts
x x x
B) Function in association with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify protein end productsan
x x x x x x x x x x x x
d package them into secretory granules or vesicles
x x x x x x x
C) Are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins thatre
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
main in the cell as cytoplasmic structural or functional elements
x x x x x x x x x
D) Are a dynamic system of interconnected membranous tubes that functions as a tubularco
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mmunication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to another
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Ans: A x
Feedback:
Lysosomes are sacs that are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that aid in the processing and removal o
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
f unwanted substances within the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus functions in association with the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
endoplasmic reticulum to modify and package substances in preparation forsecretion, whereas rib
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
osomes are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins. The ER i
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
s a tubular communication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to a
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
nother.
, Answerdone.com
5. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
x x x x x x x x
A) Inadequate sites for protein synthesis x x x x
B) An inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane
x x x x x x x x x
C) Insufficient energy production within a cell x x x x x
D) Accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm x x x x x x
Ans: D x
Feedback:
Peroxisomes function in the control of free radicals; unless degraded, these highly unstablech
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
emical compounds damage other cytoplasmic molecules. Peroxisomes do not directly contri
x x x x x x x x x x
bute to energy production, protein synthesis, or transport of cellular secretions.
x x x x x x x x x x
6. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the ―power plants‖ ofthe
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
cell because they:
x x x
A) Contain RNA for protein synthesis
x x x x
B) Utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy
x x x x
C) Extract energy from organic compounds
x x x x
D) Store calcium bonds for muscle contractions
x x x x x
Ans: C x
Feedback:
Mitochondria contain the enzymes needed for transforming organic compounds into energy thatis
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
easily accessible to the cell. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. Glycolysis is anaerobic metabo
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
lism and unrelated to oxidative energy. Mitochondria store phosphate bonds (such as in ATP) to p
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ower cellular functions.
x x
7. Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of thefo
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
llowing cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?
x x x x x x x x x
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
TEST BANK FOR
x x
Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th edition
x x x x x
by Tommie L Norris
x x x
,Answerdone.com
1. Chapter 1 x
Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most ofthe
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
specific membrane functions are carried out by:
x x x x x x
A) Bound and transmembrane proteinsx x x
B) Complex, long carbohydrate chains x x x
C) Surface antigens and hormone receptors
x x x x
D) A gating system of selective ion channels
x x x x x x
Ans: A x
Feedback:
The functions of plasma membrane depend on the presence of proteins that are bound in the lipidbil
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ayer and some that have the ability to pass freely into and out of the cell.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Carbohydrate chains form a cell coat that surrounds the membrane and that contain surface antig
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ens and surface hormone receptors. Some ion channels are gated and open only when themembr
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ane potential changes significantly.
x x x
2. Which describes the function of the nucleus?
x x x x x x
A) It is basically the site of protein synthesis in the body.
x x x x x x x x x x
B) It contains the genetic code for the individual.
x x x x x x x
C) It is the transformer of cellular energy.
x x x x x x
D) It initiates the process of aerobic metabolism.
x x x x x x
Ans: B x
Feedback:
The nucleus contains DNA, which contains the genetic code that contains the information that contr
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ols cells. Ribosomes synthesize protein. Mitochondria transform organic compounds into cellular e
x x x x x x x x x x x
nergy. Mitochondria require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, using hydrogen and carbon combined
x x x x x x x x x x x
with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide and water as energy is released.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
3. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomalR
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
NA (rRNA)?
x
,Answerdone.com
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
x x x x x x x
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
x x x x x x x x
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs x x x x x x
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis x x x x
Ans: C x
Feedback:
There are three types of ribonucleic acid (messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA)th
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
at move to the cytoplasm and carry out the actual synthesis of proteins.
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies and carries the DNA instructions for protein synthesis to thecy
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
toplasm; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the site of protein synthesis; and transfer RNA (tRNA)trans
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis for incorporation into the protein being synthesi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
zed.
4. Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:
x x x x x x x x x
A) Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn-
x x x x x x x x x x x x
out cell parts
x x x
B) Function in association with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify protein end productsan
x x x x x x x x x x x x
d package them into secretory granules or vesicles
x x x x x x x
C) Are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins thatre
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
main in the cell as cytoplasmic structural or functional elements
x x x x x x x x x
D) Are a dynamic system of interconnected membranous tubes that functions as a tubularco
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mmunication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to another
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Ans: A x
Feedback:
Lysosomes are sacs that are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that aid in the processing and removal o
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
f unwanted substances within the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus functions in association with the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
endoplasmic reticulum to modify and package substances in preparation forsecretion, whereas rib
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
osomes are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins. The ER i
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
s a tubular communication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to a
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
nother.
, Answerdone.com
5. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
x x x x x x x x
A) Inadequate sites for protein synthesis x x x x
B) An inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane
x x x x x x x x x
C) Insufficient energy production within a cell x x x x x
D) Accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm x x x x x x
Ans: D x
Feedback:
Peroxisomes function in the control of free radicals; unless degraded, these highly unstablech
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
emical compounds damage other cytoplasmic molecules. Peroxisomes do not directly contri
x x x x x x x x x x
bute to energy production, protein synthesis, or transport of cellular secretions.
x x x x x x x x x x
6. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the ―power plants‖ ofthe
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
cell because they:
x x x
A) Contain RNA for protein synthesis
x x x x
B) Utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy
x x x x
C) Extract energy from organic compounds
x x x x
D) Store calcium bonds for muscle contractions
x x x x x
Ans: C x
Feedback:
Mitochondria contain the enzymes needed for transforming organic compounds into energy thatis
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
easily accessible to the cell. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. Glycolysis is anaerobic metabo
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
lism and unrelated to oxidative energy. Mitochondria store phosphate bonds (such as in ATP) to p
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ower cellular functions.
x x
7. Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of thefo
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
llowing cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?
x x x x x x x x x
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
