APHY 101 MIDTERM EXAM PREP
2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES || ALREADY GRADED A+
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. anatomy - ANSWER ✔ study of the structure/morphology of the human
body and its parts; Greek for "cutting up"
2. physiology - ANSWER ✔ study of the functions of the human body and its
parts; Greek for "relationship to nature"
3. subatomic particles - ANSWER ✔ protons, neurons, and electrons that make
up cells
4. atom - ANSWER ✔ tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen,
carbon)
5. molecule - ANSWER ✔ particles consisting of atoms joined together (water,
glucose)
6. organelle - ANSWER ✔ functional part of a cell (mitochondrion, lysosome)
7. cell - ANSWER ✔ basic unit of structure and function (muscle, nerve,
blood)
8. tissue - ANSWER ✔ layer or mass of cells with specific function (adipose)
9. organ - ANSWER ✔ group of different tissues with a function (heart,
kidney, stomach)
,10.organ system - ANSWER ✔ group of organs with common function
(digestive system)
11.organism - ANSWER ✔ composed of organ systems interacting (human)
12.movement - ANSWER ✔ change in position of body; motion of an internal
organ
13.responsiveness - ANSWER ✔ reaction to change inside or outside body
14.growth - ANSWER ✔ increase in body size without change in shape
15.reproduction - ANSWER ✔ production of new organisms and new cells
16.respiration - ANSWER ✔ obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and
releasing energy from foods
17.digestion - ANSWER ✔ Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms
that can be absorbed and used
18.absorption - ANSWER ✔ passage of substances through membranes and
into body fluids
19.circulation - ANSWER ✔ movement of substances in body fluids
20.assimilation - ANSWER ✔ changing of absorbed substances into different
chemical forms
21.excretion - ANSWER ✔ removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
22.water - ANSWER ✔ most abundant substance in the body; environment for
metabolic processes; transports substances; regulates temperature
23.food - ANSWER ✔ provides nutrients; supplies energy; supplies raw
materials for building living tissue
,24.oxygen (gas) - ANSWER ✔ one-fifth of air; used to release energy from
nutrients
25.heat - ANSWER ✔ form of energy; helps maintain body temperature;
controls rate of metabolic reactions
26.3 main types of body membranes - ANSWER ✔ mucous, cutaneous, serous
27.two components part of epithelial membranes - ANSWER ✔ connective
tissue beneath epithelium , epithelium
28.characteristics of serous membranes (4) - ANSWER ✔ line body cavaties,
secrete serous fluid, contain layer simple squamous, reduce friction between
organs
29.characteristic mucous membrane - ANSWER ✔ line oral cavity
30.the skin is also called the ____ layer - ANSWER ✔ cutaneous
31.synovial membrane are made of - ANSWER ✔ connective tissue
32.synovial membranes are found where - ANSWER ✔ in joints
33.characteristics epithelial membranes - ANSWER ✔ cover body surfaces and
cavities
34.the ability to contract in response to specific stimuli is the main
characteristic of _______ tissue - ANSWER ✔ muscle
35.Epithelium and underlying areolar connective tissue form ____ membranes
that line cavities that are open to the outside of the body. - ANSWER ✔
mucous
36.three types of muscle tissue - ANSWER ✔ skeletal, cardiac, smooth
37.what membrane lines joints and fully composed of connective tissue -
ANSWER ✔ synovial
, 38.Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary? - ANSWER ✔ voluntary
39.what type pf muscle has long threadlike cells with cross markings called
striations - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
40.main chacterstic muscle tissue - ANSWER ✔ contract in response to stimuli
41.what muscle is found in trunk head and limbs and responsible for chewing
swallowing breathing? - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
42.which type of muscle cells are short spindle shaped non striated
uninucleadted under voluntary control - ANSWER ✔ smooth
43.what muscle in in walls of hollow internal organs - ANSWER ✔ smooth
44.Muscle cells that are are long, threadlike, striated, multinucleated, under
voluntary control, and located in muscles that are attached to bones, are -
ANSWER ✔ skeletal
45.tissue composed of cells that can contract when stimulated - ANSWER ✔
muscle tissue
46.The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow internal organs, such as the
stomach, urinary bladder, and uterus, is - ANSWER ✔
47.The type of muscle tissue that has spindle-shaped cells, each with a single,
centrally located nucleus, is - ANSWER ✔ smooth
48.The type of muscle that has long, threadlike cells with cross-markings called
striations is ______ muscle. - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
49.The type of muscle found in the walls of the intestines, blood vessels,
urinary bladder, and the uterus is called ______ muscle tissue. - ANSWER
✔ smooth
50.Smooth muscle tissue ______ be stimulated by conscious effort; thus its
actions are ______. - ANSWER ✔ can't involuntary
2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES || ALREADY GRADED A+
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. anatomy - ANSWER ✔ study of the structure/morphology of the human
body and its parts; Greek for "cutting up"
2. physiology - ANSWER ✔ study of the functions of the human body and its
parts; Greek for "relationship to nature"
3. subatomic particles - ANSWER ✔ protons, neurons, and electrons that make
up cells
4. atom - ANSWER ✔ tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen,
carbon)
5. molecule - ANSWER ✔ particles consisting of atoms joined together (water,
glucose)
6. organelle - ANSWER ✔ functional part of a cell (mitochondrion, lysosome)
7. cell - ANSWER ✔ basic unit of structure and function (muscle, nerve,
blood)
8. tissue - ANSWER ✔ layer or mass of cells with specific function (adipose)
9. organ - ANSWER ✔ group of different tissues with a function (heart,
kidney, stomach)
,10.organ system - ANSWER ✔ group of organs with common function
(digestive system)
11.organism - ANSWER ✔ composed of organ systems interacting (human)
12.movement - ANSWER ✔ change in position of body; motion of an internal
organ
13.responsiveness - ANSWER ✔ reaction to change inside or outside body
14.growth - ANSWER ✔ increase in body size without change in shape
15.reproduction - ANSWER ✔ production of new organisms and new cells
16.respiration - ANSWER ✔ obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and
releasing energy from foods
17.digestion - ANSWER ✔ Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms
that can be absorbed and used
18.absorption - ANSWER ✔ passage of substances through membranes and
into body fluids
19.circulation - ANSWER ✔ movement of substances in body fluids
20.assimilation - ANSWER ✔ changing of absorbed substances into different
chemical forms
21.excretion - ANSWER ✔ removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
22.water - ANSWER ✔ most abundant substance in the body; environment for
metabolic processes; transports substances; regulates temperature
23.food - ANSWER ✔ provides nutrients; supplies energy; supplies raw
materials for building living tissue
,24.oxygen (gas) - ANSWER ✔ one-fifth of air; used to release energy from
nutrients
25.heat - ANSWER ✔ form of energy; helps maintain body temperature;
controls rate of metabolic reactions
26.3 main types of body membranes - ANSWER ✔ mucous, cutaneous, serous
27.two components part of epithelial membranes - ANSWER ✔ connective
tissue beneath epithelium , epithelium
28.characteristics of serous membranes (4) - ANSWER ✔ line body cavaties,
secrete serous fluid, contain layer simple squamous, reduce friction between
organs
29.characteristic mucous membrane - ANSWER ✔ line oral cavity
30.the skin is also called the ____ layer - ANSWER ✔ cutaneous
31.synovial membrane are made of - ANSWER ✔ connective tissue
32.synovial membranes are found where - ANSWER ✔ in joints
33.characteristics epithelial membranes - ANSWER ✔ cover body surfaces and
cavities
34.the ability to contract in response to specific stimuli is the main
characteristic of _______ tissue - ANSWER ✔ muscle
35.Epithelium and underlying areolar connective tissue form ____ membranes
that line cavities that are open to the outside of the body. - ANSWER ✔
mucous
36.three types of muscle tissue - ANSWER ✔ skeletal, cardiac, smooth
37.what membrane lines joints and fully composed of connective tissue -
ANSWER ✔ synovial
, 38.Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary? - ANSWER ✔ voluntary
39.what type pf muscle has long threadlike cells with cross markings called
striations - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
40.main chacterstic muscle tissue - ANSWER ✔ contract in response to stimuli
41.what muscle is found in trunk head and limbs and responsible for chewing
swallowing breathing? - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
42.which type of muscle cells are short spindle shaped non striated
uninucleadted under voluntary control - ANSWER ✔ smooth
43.what muscle in in walls of hollow internal organs - ANSWER ✔ smooth
44.Muscle cells that are are long, threadlike, striated, multinucleated, under
voluntary control, and located in muscles that are attached to bones, are -
ANSWER ✔ skeletal
45.tissue composed of cells that can contract when stimulated - ANSWER ✔
muscle tissue
46.The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow internal organs, such as the
stomach, urinary bladder, and uterus, is - ANSWER ✔
47.The type of muscle tissue that has spindle-shaped cells, each with a single,
centrally located nucleus, is - ANSWER ✔ smooth
48.The type of muscle that has long, threadlike cells with cross-markings called
striations is ______ muscle. - ANSWER ✔ skeletal
49.The type of muscle found in the walls of the intestines, blood vessels,
urinary bladder, and the uterus is called ______ muscle tissue. - ANSWER
✔ smooth
50.Smooth muscle tissue ______ be stimulated by conscious effort; thus its
actions are ______. - ANSWER ✔ can't involuntary
