GRE Biology Mock Exam – Topic 2: Cell Biology (Organelles &
Transport)
Mul ple Choice Ques ons (MCQs)
Q1. The smooth endoplasmic re culum (SER) is primarily involved in:
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) ATP produc on
d) RNA splicing
Q2. Which organelle contains hydroly c enzymes ac ve at acidic pH?
a) Ribosome
b) Lysosome
c) Peroxisome
d) Nucleolus
Q3. The signal sequence that directs a protein into the ER is rich in:
a) Polar amino acids
b) Hydrophobic amino acids
c) Aroma c amino acids
d) Nega vely charged amino acids
Q4. Which organelle is the main site of N-linked glycosyla on?
a) ER
b) Golgi
c) Lysosome
d) Mitochondria
Q5. Vesicle trafficking between ER and Golgi is mediated by:
a) Clathrin-coated vesicles
b) COPI and COPII vesicles
c) Caveolae
d) Endosomes
Q6. In mitochondria, ATP synthase is located in the:
a) Outer membrane
b) Inner membrane
c) Intermembrane space
d) Matrix
Q7. Which organelle contains catalase to detoxify hydrogen peroxide?
a) Lysosome
b) Peroxisome
c) Golgi
d) ER
Q8. Phagocytosed material first fuses with:
a) Lysosome
, b) Endosome
c) Golgi
d) Ribosome
Q9. Which of the following organelles is semi-autonomous and contains its own DNA?
a) Peroxisome
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondria
d) ER
Q10. Which transport process requires clathrin-coated pits?
a) Pinocytosis
b) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
c) Phagocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Q11. A defect in mannose-6-phosphate tagging leads to failure in:
a) Protein folding
b) Lysosomal enzyme targe ng
c) ATP produc on
d) Ribosome assembly
Q12. Which organelle is the main site for steroid hormone synthesis?
a) Golgi
b) Smooth ER
c) Rough ER
d) Mitochondria
Q13. Which ion is primarily stored and released by the smooth ER?
a) Na+
b) K+
c) Ca2+
d) Cl–
Q14. Proteins des ned for secre on are synthesized on:
a) Free ribosomes
b) Cytosolic ribosomes
c) Rough ER ribosomes
d) Mitochondrial ribosomes
Q15. The endosymbio c theory is best supported by:
a) Presence of ribosomes in the Golgi
b) Double membranes in mitochondria and chloroplasts
c) Presence of lysosomes in animal cells
d) Peroxisomes being self-replica ng
Q16. Which cytoskeletal element is crucial for vesicle transport along microtubules?
a) Ac n filaments
b) Intermediate filaments
c) Kinesin and dynein motors
d) Sep ns
Transport)
Mul ple Choice Ques ons (MCQs)
Q1. The smooth endoplasmic re culum (SER) is primarily involved in:
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) ATP produc on
d) RNA splicing
Q2. Which organelle contains hydroly c enzymes ac ve at acidic pH?
a) Ribosome
b) Lysosome
c) Peroxisome
d) Nucleolus
Q3. The signal sequence that directs a protein into the ER is rich in:
a) Polar amino acids
b) Hydrophobic amino acids
c) Aroma c amino acids
d) Nega vely charged amino acids
Q4. Which organelle is the main site of N-linked glycosyla on?
a) ER
b) Golgi
c) Lysosome
d) Mitochondria
Q5. Vesicle trafficking between ER and Golgi is mediated by:
a) Clathrin-coated vesicles
b) COPI and COPII vesicles
c) Caveolae
d) Endosomes
Q6. In mitochondria, ATP synthase is located in the:
a) Outer membrane
b) Inner membrane
c) Intermembrane space
d) Matrix
Q7. Which organelle contains catalase to detoxify hydrogen peroxide?
a) Lysosome
b) Peroxisome
c) Golgi
d) ER
Q8. Phagocytosed material first fuses with:
a) Lysosome
, b) Endosome
c) Golgi
d) Ribosome
Q9. Which of the following organelles is semi-autonomous and contains its own DNA?
a) Peroxisome
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondria
d) ER
Q10. Which transport process requires clathrin-coated pits?
a) Pinocytosis
b) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
c) Phagocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Q11. A defect in mannose-6-phosphate tagging leads to failure in:
a) Protein folding
b) Lysosomal enzyme targe ng
c) ATP produc on
d) Ribosome assembly
Q12. Which organelle is the main site for steroid hormone synthesis?
a) Golgi
b) Smooth ER
c) Rough ER
d) Mitochondria
Q13. Which ion is primarily stored and released by the smooth ER?
a) Na+
b) K+
c) Ca2+
d) Cl–
Q14. Proteins des ned for secre on are synthesized on:
a) Free ribosomes
b) Cytosolic ribosomes
c) Rough ER ribosomes
d) Mitochondrial ribosomes
Q15. The endosymbio c theory is best supported by:
a) Presence of ribosomes in the Golgi
b) Double membranes in mitochondria and chloroplasts
c) Presence of lysosomes in animal cells
d) Peroxisomes being self-replica ng
Q16. Which cytoskeletal element is crucial for vesicle transport along microtubules?
a) Ac n filaments
b) Intermediate filaments
c) Kinesin and dynein motors
d) Sep ns
