2025 RN ATI ADULT MEDICAL-
SURGICAL PROCTORED EXAM (REAL
TEST BANK WITH NGN STYLE
QUESTIONS) – 100% VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST
UPDATED Q2-Q3 2025 | TRUSTED
NURSING STUDY GUIDE FOR EXAM
PREPARATION: GET YOUR (A+) WITH
COMFORT
Creatinine Clearance to Estimate GFR - << ANSWER IS>>--
Cockcroft-Gault equation: (140-age)x(ideal body wt)/72 x
serum creatinine
~multiply by 0.85 if female
-Round SCr to 1 b/c if not = inaccurate reading
Pharmacodynamic - << ANSWER IS>>--Branch of
pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the
mechanism of their action.
-impaired homeostasis mechanisms (dec baroreceptor
function & glucose regulation)
-changes in receptor affinity (dec response to B-blockers &
B-agonists)
,-reduced # of receptors (inc sensitivity to benzos, opioids,
and anticoag); dizzy, alt mental status, dec resp
Beers Criteria - << ANSWER IS>>--~Mark Beers MD,
Geriatrician (1991)
Identify inappropriate meds for use in nursing home
residents in "common" situations that might be appropriate
in specific circumstances (Benadryl)
-potentially (not definate) inappropriate, read rationale &
recommendations, understand and approach accordingly,
safer meds, ID & improve meds, should not be restricted, not
= to all countries
Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--Concomitant use of
multiple drugs
Use of more drugs than is clinically necessary (34% of all
drugs prescribed in US are considered unnecessary)
Factors: multiple diseases, sites of care, prescribers, patient
driven prescribing, mult pharm, self med, fail to follow
directions, confusion w/ mult med changes, inertia (dont
rearrange deck chairs), prescribing cascade; drug 1->a.e.
misinterpreted as a new clinical condition->drug 2
Evidence of Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--Meds w/ no
apparent indication, duplicate/interacting meds, meds
contraindicated in concurrent diseases or conditions,
inappropriately high or low med doses
Consequences of Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--*#1 is
adverse drug reactions(ADR):* number of drugs is
STRONGEST risk factor, relationship b/w # of drugs and
likelihood of ADR, class of drug and underlying condition
-non-adherence
-financial burden
,Steps to Preventing Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--1-6:
Gather Info- reg review of all meds, ID med names & class,
indication, dose, s.e. risk of ADR and interactions
7-10: Eliminate, Substitute, Simplify- eliminate meds w/ no
indication, sub safer meds, avoid treating ADRs w/ a drug,
utilize combo drugs
Relationships - << ANSWER IS>>--Primary relationship-
intimate associations that provide a strong sense of sharing
and belonging
-relationships that are more formal, impersonal, superficial
and circumstantial are limited (may be intense but end and
dont last for long)
Friendships - << ANSWER IS>>--Significant source of
support late in life
Lifelong: commitment, affection w/out judgement, caring is
shared w/out obligation, trust
Develop out of changing situations; widow, moves,
volunteer, shared situations
Function of friends and mentoring situations
Role Change - << ANSWER IS>>--Grandparents assume
primary care of grandchildren- become patent (or
aunts/uncle/ older sibling)
ex. Mary & Amanda
Filial Maturity - << ANSWER IS>>--Mutual and caring
relationship seen between adult children and their older
parents and involves understanding the needs of other
-strained relationships w/ parents is a problem
-Chinese & Japanese cultures value/honor/respect older
adult in fam more than US
, Transitions - << ANSWER IS>>--Focus on work, role of
individual/spouse/partner
-speed and intensity of a major change can make diff b/w
transitional crisis or gradual and comfortable adaption
(ex. loss of child suddenly->takes more time to deal/cope &
move on)
Caregiving - << ANSWER IS>>--60% female, 82% care for one
person, 85% care for relative, 59% assist w/ ADL (difficult),
avg age of caregiver is 49yo
-Hispanics care for fam the most (less likely to put in nursing
home)
~since care, 22% say own health has worsened (physical,
emotional and financial strain)
"Sandwich Generation": adults caring for children & parents
Respite - << ANSWER IS>>--Short period of time when youre
able to stop doing something that is difficult or unplesant or
when it stops/delayed
~in health care; provides breaks from daily routine of
caregiving. Relieves stress, restore energy and promote
necessary balance in life (hours/days/weeks)
Poorhouses - << ANSWER IS>>--Early 1900s; cared for the
frail
-when elderly had no place to go, fam couldnt take care of
them
Social Security - << ANSWER IS>>--"age-entitlement"
program (1935)
-amnt of benefit calculated on persons avg salary during 35
of their working years
Supplemental Security Income: provides minimum level of
economic support to ppl regardless of earning power in early
SURGICAL PROCTORED EXAM (REAL
TEST BANK WITH NGN STYLE
QUESTIONS) – 100% VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST
UPDATED Q2-Q3 2025 | TRUSTED
NURSING STUDY GUIDE FOR EXAM
PREPARATION: GET YOUR (A+) WITH
COMFORT
Creatinine Clearance to Estimate GFR - << ANSWER IS>>--
Cockcroft-Gault equation: (140-age)x(ideal body wt)/72 x
serum creatinine
~multiply by 0.85 if female
-Round SCr to 1 b/c if not = inaccurate reading
Pharmacodynamic - << ANSWER IS>>--Branch of
pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the
mechanism of their action.
-impaired homeostasis mechanisms (dec baroreceptor
function & glucose regulation)
-changes in receptor affinity (dec response to B-blockers &
B-agonists)
,-reduced # of receptors (inc sensitivity to benzos, opioids,
and anticoag); dizzy, alt mental status, dec resp
Beers Criteria - << ANSWER IS>>--~Mark Beers MD,
Geriatrician (1991)
Identify inappropriate meds for use in nursing home
residents in "common" situations that might be appropriate
in specific circumstances (Benadryl)
-potentially (not definate) inappropriate, read rationale &
recommendations, understand and approach accordingly,
safer meds, ID & improve meds, should not be restricted, not
= to all countries
Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--Concomitant use of
multiple drugs
Use of more drugs than is clinically necessary (34% of all
drugs prescribed in US are considered unnecessary)
Factors: multiple diseases, sites of care, prescribers, patient
driven prescribing, mult pharm, self med, fail to follow
directions, confusion w/ mult med changes, inertia (dont
rearrange deck chairs), prescribing cascade; drug 1->a.e.
misinterpreted as a new clinical condition->drug 2
Evidence of Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--Meds w/ no
apparent indication, duplicate/interacting meds, meds
contraindicated in concurrent diseases or conditions,
inappropriately high or low med doses
Consequences of Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--*#1 is
adverse drug reactions(ADR):* number of drugs is
STRONGEST risk factor, relationship b/w # of drugs and
likelihood of ADR, class of drug and underlying condition
-non-adherence
-financial burden
,Steps to Preventing Polypharmacy - << ANSWER IS>>--1-6:
Gather Info- reg review of all meds, ID med names & class,
indication, dose, s.e. risk of ADR and interactions
7-10: Eliminate, Substitute, Simplify- eliminate meds w/ no
indication, sub safer meds, avoid treating ADRs w/ a drug,
utilize combo drugs
Relationships - << ANSWER IS>>--Primary relationship-
intimate associations that provide a strong sense of sharing
and belonging
-relationships that are more formal, impersonal, superficial
and circumstantial are limited (may be intense but end and
dont last for long)
Friendships - << ANSWER IS>>--Significant source of
support late in life
Lifelong: commitment, affection w/out judgement, caring is
shared w/out obligation, trust
Develop out of changing situations; widow, moves,
volunteer, shared situations
Function of friends and mentoring situations
Role Change - << ANSWER IS>>--Grandparents assume
primary care of grandchildren- become patent (or
aunts/uncle/ older sibling)
ex. Mary & Amanda
Filial Maturity - << ANSWER IS>>--Mutual and caring
relationship seen between adult children and their older
parents and involves understanding the needs of other
-strained relationships w/ parents is a problem
-Chinese & Japanese cultures value/honor/respect older
adult in fam more than US
, Transitions - << ANSWER IS>>--Focus on work, role of
individual/spouse/partner
-speed and intensity of a major change can make diff b/w
transitional crisis or gradual and comfortable adaption
(ex. loss of child suddenly->takes more time to deal/cope &
move on)
Caregiving - << ANSWER IS>>--60% female, 82% care for one
person, 85% care for relative, 59% assist w/ ADL (difficult),
avg age of caregiver is 49yo
-Hispanics care for fam the most (less likely to put in nursing
home)
~since care, 22% say own health has worsened (physical,
emotional and financial strain)
"Sandwich Generation": adults caring for children & parents
Respite - << ANSWER IS>>--Short period of time when youre
able to stop doing something that is difficult or unplesant or
when it stops/delayed
~in health care; provides breaks from daily routine of
caregiving. Relieves stress, restore energy and promote
necessary balance in life (hours/days/weeks)
Poorhouses - << ANSWER IS>>--Early 1900s; cared for the
frail
-when elderly had no place to go, fam couldnt take care of
them
Social Security - << ANSWER IS>>--"age-entitlement"
program (1935)
-amnt of benefit calculated on persons avg salary during 35
of their working years
Supplemental Security Income: provides minimum level of
economic support to ppl regardless of earning power in early
