TEST BANK −LEHNE'S
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS FOR
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES AND
PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS 3RD EDITION BY
LAURA D. ROSENTHAL, JACQUELINE
ROSENJACK BURCHUM|| LATEST
COMLETE GUIDE WITH ALL CHAPTERS
COVERED 1- 94|| VERIDIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATION||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| LATEST UPDATE
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 6
CHAPTER 1: PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY .................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2: RATIONAL DRUG SELECTION AND PRESCRIPTION WRITING ................................................ 9
CHAPTER 3: PROMOTING POSITIVE OUTCOMES OF DRUG THERAPY .................................................... 13
UNIT II: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY ...................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 4: PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND DRUG INTERACTIONS ....................... 18
CHAPTER 5: ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND MEDICATION ERRORS ................................................... 26
CHAPTER 6: INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN DRUG RESPONSES ................................................................... 35
CHAPTER 7: GENETIC AND GENOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS ...................... 41
UNIT III: DRUG THERAPY ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN ..................................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 8: DRUG THERAPY DURING PREGNANCY AND BREAST-FEEDING ........................................... 49
CHAPTER 9: DRUG THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ............................................................................ 55
CHAPTER 10: DRUG THERAPY IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS .......................................................................... 62
UNIT IV: PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS ..................................................................................... 70
CHAPTER 11: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF NEUROPHARMACOLOGY ............................................................... 70
CHAPTER 12: PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ...................................................... 75
CHAPTER 13: MUSCARINIC AGONISTS AND CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS........................................... 81
CHAPTER 14 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS .............................................................................................. 86
CHAPTER 15: ADRENERGIC AGONISTS .................................................................................................... 91
CHAPTER 16: ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS ............................................................................................. 99
CHAPTER 17: INDIRECT-ACTING ANTIADRENERGIC AGENTS ................................................................ 108
UNIT V: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS .......................................................................................... 115
CHAPTER 18: INTRODUCTION TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY .............................. 115
CHAPTER 19: DRUGS FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE ................................................................................ 120
CHAPTER 20: DRUGS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ................................................................................. 126
CHAPTER 21: DRUGS FOR SEIZURE DISORDERS .................................................................................... 133
CHAPTER 22: DRUGS FOR MUSCLE SPASM AND SPASTICITY................................................................ 138
UNIT VI: DRUGS FOR PAIN ....................................................................................................................... 145
CHAPTER 23: LOCAL ANESTHETICS ....................................................................................................... 145
, CHAPTER 24: OPIOID ANALGESICS, OPIOID ANTAGONISTS, AND NONOPIOID CENTRALLY ACTING
ANALGESICS .......................................................................................................................................... 152
CHAPTER 25: DRUGS FOR HEADACHE .................................................................................................. 160
UNIT VII: PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS .................................................................................................. 168
CHAPTER 26: ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS AND THEIR USE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA ....................................... 168
CHAPTER 27: ANTIDEPRESSANTS .......................................................................................................... 177
CHAPTER 28: DRUGS FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER ..................................................................................... 184
CHAPTER 29: SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS .......................................................................................... 192
CHAPTER 30: MANAGEMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDERS ........................................................................ 197
CHAPTER 31: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS AND ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER .............................................................................................................................................. 203
UNIT VIII: SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS ................................................................................................... 210
CHAPTER 32: DRUG ABUSE I: BASIC CONSIDERATIONS ........................................................................ 210
CHAPTER 33: DRUG ABUSE II: ALCOHOL ............................................................................................... 215
CHAPTER 34: DRUG ABUSE III: NICOTINE AND SMOKING .................................................................... 223
CHAPTER 35: DRUG ABUSE IV: MAJOR DRUGS OF ABUSE OTHER THAN ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE .... 229
UNIT IX: DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, BLOOD, AND BLOOD VOLUME .............. 241
CHAPTER 36: REVIEW OF HEMODYNAMICS ......................................................................................... 241
CHAPTER 37: DIURETICS ....................................................................................................................... 245
CHAPTER 38: DRUGS ACTING ON THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM ........................ 251
CHAPTER 39: CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS ....................................................................................... 259
CHAPTER 40: VASODILATORS ............................................................................................................... 263
CHAPTER 41: DRUGS FOR HYPERTENSION ........................................................................................... 269
CHAPTER 42: DRUGS FOR HEART FAILURE ........................................................................................... 280
CHAPTER 43: ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS ............................................................................................ 293
CHAPTER 44: PROPHYLAXIS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: DRUGS THAT HELP
NORMALIZE CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS ....................................................................... 305
CHAPTER 45: DRUGS FOR ANGINA PECTORIS....................................................................................... 316
CHAPTER 46: ANTICOAGULANT AND ANTIPLATELET DRUGS ............................................................... 327
CHAPTER 47: DRUGS FOR DEFICIENCY ANEMIAS ................................................................................. 337
UNIT X: DRUGS FOR ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ......................................................................................... 346
CHAPTER 48: DRUGS FOR DIABETES MELLITUS .................................................................................... 346
CHAPTER 49: DRUGS FOR THYROID DISORDERS................................................................................... 355
UNIT XI: REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ............................................................................................................ 364
, CHAPTER 50: ESTROGENS AND PROGESTINS: BASIC PHARMACOLOGY AND NONCONTRACEPTIVE
APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 364
CHAPTER 51: BIRTH CONTROL .............................................................................................................. 369
CHAPTER 52: ANDROGENS ................................................................................................................... 378
CHAPTER 53: DRUGS FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA .............................................................. 384
CHAPTER 54: DRUGS FOR SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION ................................................................................ 391
CHAPTER 55: DRUGS FOR TRANSGENDER HEALTH .............................................................................. 405
UNIT XII: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIALLERGIC, AND IMMUNOLOGIC DRUGS ................................... 428
CHAPTER 56: REVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM ................................................................................. 428
CHAPTER 57: CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION ......................................................................................... 434
CHAPTER 58: ANTIHISTAMINES ............................................................................................................ 443
CHAPTER 59: CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS: NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS AND
ACETAMINOPHEN ................................................................................................................................. 450
CHAPTER 60: GLUCOCORTICOIDS IN NONENDOCRINE DISORDERS ..................................................... 459
UNIT XIII: DRUGS FOR BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS ............................................................................. 468
CHAPTER 61: DRUG THERAPY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ................................................................ 468
CHAPTER 62: DRUG THERAPY OF GOUT ............................................................................................... 473
CHAPTER 63: DRUGS AFFECTING CALCIUM LEVELS AND BONE MINERALIZATION .............................. 478
UNIT XIV: RESPIRATORY TRACT DRUGS .................................................................................................. 488
CHAPTER 64: DRUGS FOR ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE .................. 488
CHAPTER 65: DRUGS FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS, COUGH, AND COLDS ................................................... 499
UNIT XV: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ..................................................................................................... 507
CHAPTER 66: DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE ................................................................................ 508
CHAPTER 67: LAXATIVES ....................................................................................................................... 515
CHAPTER 68: OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ................................................................................ 523
UNIT XVI: NUTRITION AND COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES..................................................................... 534
CHAPTER 69: VITAMINS ........................................................................................................................ 534
CHAPTER 70: DRUGS FOR WEIGHT LOSS .............................................................................................. 542
CHAPTER 71: COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES......................................................... 549
UNIT XVII: THERAPY OF INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES ............................................................ 554
CHAPTER 72: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY ........................................................... 554
CHAPTER 73: DRUGS THAT WEAKEN THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL I: PENICILLINS................................. 561
CHAPTER 74: DRUGS THAT WEAKEN THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL II: OTHER DRUGS ........................... 569
CHAPTER 75: BACTERIOSTATIC INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS .................................................. 576
, CHAPTER 76: AMINOGLYCOSIDES: BACTERICIDAL INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ..................... 587
CHAPTER 77: SULFONAMIDES AND TRIMETHOPRIM ........................................................................... 597
CHAPTER 78: DRUG THERAPY OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS .......................................................... 605
CHAPTER 79: DRUG THERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS .............................................................................. 613
CHAPTER 80: MISCELLANEOUS ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ...................................................................... 624
CHAPTER 81: ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS ..................................................................................................... 629
CHAPTER 82: ANTIVIRAL AGENTS I: DRUGS FOR NON-HIV VIRAL INFECTIONS .................................... 641
CHAPTER 83: ANTIVIRAL AGENTS II: DRUGS FOR HIV INFECTION ........................................................ 650
CHAPTER 84: DRUG THERAPY OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ................................................ 657
CHAPTER 85: ANTHELMINTICS .............................................................................................................. 663
UNIT XVIII: CANCER THERAPY .................................................................................................................. 668
CHAPTER 86 INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNOMODULATORS .................................................................. 668
CHAPTER 87: ANTICANCER DRUGS FOR THE NONSPECIALIST .............................................................. 674
CHAPTER 88: PAIN MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER .......................................................... 683
UNIT XIX: DRUGS FOR EYES, EARS, AND SKIN ......................................................................................... 693
CHAPTER 89: DRUGS FOR THE EYE ....................................................................................................... 693
CHAPTER 90: DRUGS FOR THE SKIN ...................................................................................................... 700
CHAPTER 91: DRUGS FOR THE EAR ....................................................................................................... 712
UNIT XX: DRUG THERAPY IN ACUTE CARE............................................................................................... 719
CHAPTER 92: AGENTS AFFECTING THE VOLUME AND ION CONTENT OF BODY FLUIDS ...................... 719
CHAPTER 93: MANAGEMENT OF ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ...................................... 726
CHAPTER 94: DRUGS FOR ACUTE CARE ................................................................................................ 734
,UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1: PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. AN APRN WORKS IN A UROLOGY CLINIC UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A PHYSICIAN WHO DOES
NOT RESTRICT THE TYPES OF MEDICATIONS THE APRN IS ALLOWED TO PRESCRIBE. STATE LAW DOES
NOT REQUIRE THE APRN TO PRACTICE UNDER PHYSICIAN SUPERVISION. HOW WOULD THE APRN’S
PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY BE DESCRIBED?
A. FULL AUTHORITY
B. INDEPENDENT
C. WITHOUT LIMITATION
D. LIMITED AUTHORITY
ANSWER>> B
THE APRN HAS INDEPENDENT PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY BECAUSE THE REGULATING BODY DOES NOT
REQUIRE THAT THE APRN WORK UNDER PHYSICIAN SUPERVISION. FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY
GIVES THE PROVIDER THE RIGHT TO PRESCRIBE INDEPENDENTLY AND WITHOUT LIMITATION. LIMITED
AUTHORITY PLACES RESTRICTIONS ON THE TYPES OF DRUGS THAT CAN BE PRESCRIBED.DIF: COGNITIVE
LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF: P. 1TOP: NURSING PROCESS: I MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY:
PHYSIOLOGIC INTEGRITY: PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
2. WHICH FACTORS INCREASE THE NEED FOR APRNS TO HAVE FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY?
A. MORE PATIENTS WILL HAVE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE.
B. ENROLLMENT IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS IS PREDICTED TO DECREASE.
C. PHYSICIAN’S ASSISTANTS ARE BEING UTILIZED LESS OFTEN.
D. APRN EDUCATION IS MORE COMPLEX THAN EDUCATION FOR PHYSICIANS.
ANSWER>> A
, IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT HAS INCREASED THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WITH
HEALTH CARE COVERAGE, AND THUS THE NUMBER WHO HAVE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES. THE
INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS CREATES THE NEED FOR MORE PROVIDERS WITH PRESCRIPTIVE
AUTHORITY. APRNS CAN FILL THIS PRACTICE GAP.DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF: P. 2TOP:
NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY: PHYSIOLOGIC INTEGRITY:
PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
3. WHICH FACTORS COULD BE ATTRIBUTED TO LIMITED PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY FOR APRNS?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
A. INACCESSIBILITY OF PATIENT CARE
B. HIGHER HEALTH CARE COSTS
C. HIGHER QUALITY MEDICAL TREATMENT
D. IMPROVED COLLABORATIVE CARE
E. ENHANCED HEALTH LITERACY
ANSWER>> A, B
LIMITING PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY FOR APRNS CAN CREATE BARRIERS TO QUALITY, AFFORDABLE, AND
ACCESSIBLE PATIENT CARE. IT MAY ALSO LEAD TO POOR COLLABORATION AMONG PROVIDERS AND
HIGHER HEALTH CARE COSTS. IT WOULD NOT DIRECTLY IMPACT PATIENT’S HEALTH LITERACY.DIF:
COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF:
P. 2TOP: NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY: PHYSIOLOGIC
INTEGRITY: PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
4. WHICH ASPECTS SUPPORT THE APRN’S PROVISION FOR FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY? SELECT
ALL THAT APPLY.
A. CLINICAL EDUCATION INCLUDES PRESCRIPTION OF MEDICATIONS AND DISEASE PROCESSES.
B. FEDERAL REGULATIONS SUPPORT THE PROVISION OF FULL AUTHORITY FOR APRNS.
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS FOR
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES AND
PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS 3RD EDITION BY
LAURA D. ROSENTHAL, JACQUELINE
ROSENJACK BURCHUM|| LATEST
COMLETE GUIDE WITH ALL CHAPTERS
COVERED 1- 94|| VERIDIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATION||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| LATEST UPDATE
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 6
CHAPTER 1: PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY .................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2: RATIONAL DRUG SELECTION AND PRESCRIPTION WRITING ................................................ 9
CHAPTER 3: PROMOTING POSITIVE OUTCOMES OF DRUG THERAPY .................................................... 13
UNIT II: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY ...................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 4: PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND DRUG INTERACTIONS ....................... 18
CHAPTER 5: ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND MEDICATION ERRORS ................................................... 26
CHAPTER 6: INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN DRUG RESPONSES ................................................................... 35
CHAPTER 7: GENETIC AND GENOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS ...................... 41
UNIT III: DRUG THERAPY ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN ..................................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 8: DRUG THERAPY DURING PREGNANCY AND BREAST-FEEDING ........................................... 49
CHAPTER 9: DRUG THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ............................................................................ 55
CHAPTER 10: DRUG THERAPY IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS .......................................................................... 62
UNIT IV: PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS ..................................................................................... 70
CHAPTER 11: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF NEUROPHARMACOLOGY ............................................................... 70
CHAPTER 12: PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ...................................................... 75
CHAPTER 13: MUSCARINIC AGONISTS AND CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS........................................... 81
CHAPTER 14 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS .............................................................................................. 86
CHAPTER 15: ADRENERGIC AGONISTS .................................................................................................... 91
CHAPTER 16: ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS ............................................................................................. 99
CHAPTER 17: INDIRECT-ACTING ANTIADRENERGIC AGENTS ................................................................ 108
UNIT V: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS .......................................................................................... 115
CHAPTER 18: INTRODUCTION TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY .............................. 115
CHAPTER 19: DRUGS FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE ................................................................................ 120
CHAPTER 20: DRUGS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ................................................................................. 126
CHAPTER 21: DRUGS FOR SEIZURE DISORDERS .................................................................................... 133
CHAPTER 22: DRUGS FOR MUSCLE SPASM AND SPASTICITY................................................................ 138
UNIT VI: DRUGS FOR PAIN ....................................................................................................................... 145
CHAPTER 23: LOCAL ANESTHETICS ....................................................................................................... 145
, CHAPTER 24: OPIOID ANALGESICS, OPIOID ANTAGONISTS, AND NONOPIOID CENTRALLY ACTING
ANALGESICS .......................................................................................................................................... 152
CHAPTER 25: DRUGS FOR HEADACHE .................................................................................................. 160
UNIT VII: PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS .................................................................................................. 168
CHAPTER 26: ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS AND THEIR USE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA ....................................... 168
CHAPTER 27: ANTIDEPRESSANTS .......................................................................................................... 177
CHAPTER 28: DRUGS FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER ..................................................................................... 184
CHAPTER 29: SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS .......................................................................................... 192
CHAPTER 30: MANAGEMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDERS ........................................................................ 197
CHAPTER 31: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS AND ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER .............................................................................................................................................. 203
UNIT VIII: SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS ................................................................................................... 210
CHAPTER 32: DRUG ABUSE I: BASIC CONSIDERATIONS ........................................................................ 210
CHAPTER 33: DRUG ABUSE II: ALCOHOL ............................................................................................... 215
CHAPTER 34: DRUG ABUSE III: NICOTINE AND SMOKING .................................................................... 223
CHAPTER 35: DRUG ABUSE IV: MAJOR DRUGS OF ABUSE OTHER THAN ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE .... 229
UNIT IX: DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, BLOOD, AND BLOOD VOLUME .............. 241
CHAPTER 36: REVIEW OF HEMODYNAMICS ......................................................................................... 241
CHAPTER 37: DIURETICS ....................................................................................................................... 245
CHAPTER 38: DRUGS ACTING ON THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM ........................ 251
CHAPTER 39: CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS ....................................................................................... 259
CHAPTER 40: VASODILATORS ............................................................................................................... 263
CHAPTER 41: DRUGS FOR HYPERTENSION ........................................................................................... 269
CHAPTER 42: DRUGS FOR HEART FAILURE ........................................................................................... 280
CHAPTER 43: ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS ............................................................................................ 293
CHAPTER 44: PROPHYLAXIS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: DRUGS THAT HELP
NORMALIZE CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS ....................................................................... 305
CHAPTER 45: DRUGS FOR ANGINA PECTORIS....................................................................................... 316
CHAPTER 46: ANTICOAGULANT AND ANTIPLATELET DRUGS ............................................................... 327
CHAPTER 47: DRUGS FOR DEFICIENCY ANEMIAS ................................................................................. 337
UNIT X: DRUGS FOR ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ......................................................................................... 346
CHAPTER 48: DRUGS FOR DIABETES MELLITUS .................................................................................... 346
CHAPTER 49: DRUGS FOR THYROID DISORDERS................................................................................... 355
UNIT XI: REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ............................................................................................................ 364
, CHAPTER 50: ESTROGENS AND PROGESTINS: BASIC PHARMACOLOGY AND NONCONTRACEPTIVE
APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 364
CHAPTER 51: BIRTH CONTROL .............................................................................................................. 369
CHAPTER 52: ANDROGENS ................................................................................................................... 378
CHAPTER 53: DRUGS FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA .............................................................. 384
CHAPTER 54: DRUGS FOR SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION ................................................................................ 391
CHAPTER 55: DRUGS FOR TRANSGENDER HEALTH .............................................................................. 405
UNIT XII: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIALLERGIC, AND IMMUNOLOGIC DRUGS ................................... 428
CHAPTER 56: REVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM ................................................................................. 428
CHAPTER 57: CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION ......................................................................................... 434
CHAPTER 58: ANTIHISTAMINES ............................................................................................................ 443
CHAPTER 59: CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS: NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS AND
ACETAMINOPHEN ................................................................................................................................. 450
CHAPTER 60: GLUCOCORTICOIDS IN NONENDOCRINE DISORDERS ..................................................... 459
UNIT XIII: DRUGS FOR BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS ............................................................................. 468
CHAPTER 61: DRUG THERAPY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ................................................................ 468
CHAPTER 62: DRUG THERAPY OF GOUT ............................................................................................... 473
CHAPTER 63: DRUGS AFFECTING CALCIUM LEVELS AND BONE MINERALIZATION .............................. 478
UNIT XIV: RESPIRATORY TRACT DRUGS .................................................................................................. 488
CHAPTER 64: DRUGS FOR ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE .................. 488
CHAPTER 65: DRUGS FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS, COUGH, AND COLDS ................................................... 499
UNIT XV: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ..................................................................................................... 507
CHAPTER 66: DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE ................................................................................ 508
CHAPTER 67: LAXATIVES ....................................................................................................................... 515
CHAPTER 68: OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ................................................................................ 523
UNIT XVI: NUTRITION AND COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES..................................................................... 534
CHAPTER 69: VITAMINS ........................................................................................................................ 534
CHAPTER 70: DRUGS FOR WEIGHT LOSS .............................................................................................. 542
CHAPTER 71: COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES......................................................... 549
UNIT XVII: THERAPY OF INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES ............................................................ 554
CHAPTER 72: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY ........................................................... 554
CHAPTER 73: DRUGS THAT WEAKEN THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL I: PENICILLINS................................. 561
CHAPTER 74: DRUGS THAT WEAKEN THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL II: OTHER DRUGS ........................... 569
CHAPTER 75: BACTERIOSTATIC INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS .................................................. 576
, CHAPTER 76: AMINOGLYCOSIDES: BACTERICIDAL INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ..................... 587
CHAPTER 77: SULFONAMIDES AND TRIMETHOPRIM ........................................................................... 597
CHAPTER 78: DRUG THERAPY OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS .......................................................... 605
CHAPTER 79: DRUG THERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS .............................................................................. 613
CHAPTER 80: MISCELLANEOUS ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ...................................................................... 624
CHAPTER 81: ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS ..................................................................................................... 629
CHAPTER 82: ANTIVIRAL AGENTS I: DRUGS FOR NON-HIV VIRAL INFECTIONS .................................... 641
CHAPTER 83: ANTIVIRAL AGENTS II: DRUGS FOR HIV INFECTION ........................................................ 650
CHAPTER 84: DRUG THERAPY OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ................................................ 657
CHAPTER 85: ANTHELMINTICS .............................................................................................................. 663
UNIT XVIII: CANCER THERAPY .................................................................................................................. 668
CHAPTER 86 INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNOMODULATORS .................................................................. 668
CHAPTER 87: ANTICANCER DRUGS FOR THE NONSPECIALIST .............................................................. 674
CHAPTER 88: PAIN MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER .......................................................... 683
UNIT XIX: DRUGS FOR EYES, EARS, AND SKIN ......................................................................................... 693
CHAPTER 89: DRUGS FOR THE EYE ....................................................................................................... 693
CHAPTER 90: DRUGS FOR THE SKIN ...................................................................................................... 700
CHAPTER 91: DRUGS FOR THE EAR ....................................................................................................... 712
UNIT XX: DRUG THERAPY IN ACUTE CARE............................................................................................... 719
CHAPTER 92: AGENTS AFFECTING THE VOLUME AND ION CONTENT OF BODY FLUIDS ...................... 719
CHAPTER 93: MANAGEMENT OF ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ...................................... 726
CHAPTER 94: DRUGS FOR ACUTE CARE ................................................................................................ 734
,UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1: PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. AN APRN WORKS IN A UROLOGY CLINIC UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A PHYSICIAN WHO DOES
NOT RESTRICT THE TYPES OF MEDICATIONS THE APRN IS ALLOWED TO PRESCRIBE. STATE LAW DOES
NOT REQUIRE THE APRN TO PRACTICE UNDER PHYSICIAN SUPERVISION. HOW WOULD THE APRN’S
PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY BE DESCRIBED?
A. FULL AUTHORITY
B. INDEPENDENT
C. WITHOUT LIMITATION
D. LIMITED AUTHORITY
ANSWER>> B
THE APRN HAS INDEPENDENT PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY BECAUSE THE REGULATING BODY DOES NOT
REQUIRE THAT THE APRN WORK UNDER PHYSICIAN SUPERVISION. FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY
GIVES THE PROVIDER THE RIGHT TO PRESCRIBE INDEPENDENTLY AND WITHOUT LIMITATION. LIMITED
AUTHORITY PLACES RESTRICTIONS ON THE TYPES OF DRUGS THAT CAN BE PRESCRIBED.DIF: COGNITIVE
LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF: P. 1TOP: NURSING PROCESS: I MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY:
PHYSIOLOGIC INTEGRITY: PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
2. WHICH FACTORS INCREASE THE NEED FOR APRNS TO HAVE FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY?
A. MORE PATIENTS WILL HAVE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE.
B. ENROLLMENT IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS IS PREDICTED TO DECREASE.
C. PHYSICIAN’S ASSISTANTS ARE BEING UTILIZED LESS OFTEN.
D. APRN EDUCATION IS MORE COMPLEX THAN EDUCATION FOR PHYSICIANS.
ANSWER>> A
, IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT HAS INCREASED THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WITH
HEALTH CARE COVERAGE, AND THUS THE NUMBER WHO HAVE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES. THE
INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS CREATES THE NEED FOR MORE PROVIDERS WITH PRESCRIPTIVE
AUTHORITY. APRNS CAN FILL THIS PRACTICE GAP.DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF: P. 2TOP:
NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY: PHYSIOLOGIC INTEGRITY:
PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
3. WHICH FACTORS COULD BE ATTRIBUTED TO LIMITED PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY FOR APRNS?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
A. INACCESSIBILITY OF PATIENT CARE
B. HIGHER HEALTH CARE COSTS
C. HIGHER QUALITY MEDICAL TREATMENT
D. IMPROVED COLLABORATIVE CARE
E. ENHANCED HEALTH LITERACY
ANSWER>> A, B
LIMITING PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY FOR APRNS CAN CREATE BARRIERS TO QUALITY, AFFORDABLE, AND
ACCESSIBLE PATIENT CARE. IT MAY ALSO LEAD TO POOR COLLABORATION AMONG PROVIDERS AND
HIGHER HEALTH CARE COSTS. IT WOULD NOT DIRECTLY IMPACT PATIENT’S HEALTH LITERACY.DIF:
COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSIONREF:
P. 2TOP: NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION MSC: NCLEX CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY: PHYSIOLOGIC
INTEGRITY: PHARMACOLOGIC AND PARENTERAL THERAPIES
4. WHICH ASPECTS SUPPORT THE APRN’S PROVISION FOR FULL PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY? SELECT
ALL THAT APPLY.
A. CLINICAL EDUCATION INCLUDES PRESCRIPTION OF MEDICATIONS AND DISEASE PROCESSES.
B. FEDERAL REGULATIONS SUPPORT THE PROVISION OF FULL AUTHORITY FOR APRNS.
