N3661 - Exam 1 (Med Surg - D. Cleary) Questions With
Complete Solutions
What is Virchow's triad?
describes the 3 factors important to creation of venous thrombus
stasis, hypercoagulability, & vessel wall injury
,What is the most common site of PAD blockage for non-
diabetics?
diabetics?
non-diabetic: femoral popliteal area
diabetic: below the knees
S/S of iodinism (3)
(iodine toxicity)
swelling of buccal mucosa
excessive salivation
cold symptoms
What position should patient be in post-op for thyroidectomy?
semi-Fowler's
Post-op thyroidectomy: how do you assess if parathyroids have
been removed? (2)
check serum calcium
monitor for hypercalcemia
(parathyroids control Ca+ levels)
Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in M vs F
Most common in what age
2-4x more likely in F than M
common age: 60-70
S/S of hyperparathyroidism (6)
(DAMN F* Hyperparathyroid)
,apathy
fatigue
muscle weakness
n&v
hypertension
dysrhythmias
(all signs of high levels of Ca+)
(↑ Ca+ = ↓ action potentials)
How does calcium affect action potentials? ie muscle
contractions
↑ Ca+ = ↓ longer action potentials
leads to muscle inactive, hence why hyperparathyroidism leads
to fatigue, weakness
What endocrine disorder would you see kidney stones?
hyperparathyroidism
(increased Ca+)
What endocrine disorder should monitor water intake? Why?
hyperparathyroidism
intake of 2000 mL or more is important to prevent renal calculi
formation
Treatment/management of hyperparathyroidism (4)
, 1. parathyroidectomy is recommended treatment
2. drink 2000mL/day
3. encourage mobility
4. reduce/limit calcium intake
acute hypercalcemic crisis occurs when serum Ca+ is _______
mg/dL
greater than 13 mg/dL
Treatment of acute hypercalcemic crisis (3)
1. rapid rehydration w/ isotonic fluids
2. maintain urine output of 100-150mL/hr
3. administer calcitonin (calci-bone-IN)
What is the chief symptom of hypoparathyroidism?
tetany
Patient with chronic vitamin D deficiency is risk for developing
what endocrine disorder?
hypoparathyroidism
(think! low Ca+)
S/S of hypoparathyroidism (5)
tetany
anxiety
irritability
depression
hypotension
Complete Solutions
What is Virchow's triad?
describes the 3 factors important to creation of venous thrombus
stasis, hypercoagulability, & vessel wall injury
,What is the most common site of PAD blockage for non-
diabetics?
diabetics?
non-diabetic: femoral popliteal area
diabetic: below the knees
S/S of iodinism (3)
(iodine toxicity)
swelling of buccal mucosa
excessive salivation
cold symptoms
What position should patient be in post-op for thyroidectomy?
semi-Fowler's
Post-op thyroidectomy: how do you assess if parathyroids have
been removed? (2)
check serum calcium
monitor for hypercalcemia
(parathyroids control Ca+ levels)
Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in M vs F
Most common in what age
2-4x more likely in F than M
common age: 60-70
S/S of hyperparathyroidism (6)
(DAMN F* Hyperparathyroid)
,apathy
fatigue
muscle weakness
n&v
hypertension
dysrhythmias
(all signs of high levels of Ca+)
(↑ Ca+ = ↓ action potentials)
How does calcium affect action potentials? ie muscle
contractions
↑ Ca+ = ↓ longer action potentials
leads to muscle inactive, hence why hyperparathyroidism leads
to fatigue, weakness
What endocrine disorder would you see kidney stones?
hyperparathyroidism
(increased Ca+)
What endocrine disorder should monitor water intake? Why?
hyperparathyroidism
intake of 2000 mL or more is important to prevent renal calculi
formation
Treatment/management of hyperparathyroidism (4)
, 1. parathyroidectomy is recommended treatment
2. drink 2000mL/day
3. encourage mobility
4. reduce/limit calcium intake
acute hypercalcemic crisis occurs when serum Ca+ is _______
mg/dL
greater than 13 mg/dL
Treatment of acute hypercalcemic crisis (3)
1. rapid rehydration w/ isotonic fluids
2. maintain urine output of 100-150mL/hr
3. administer calcitonin (calci-bone-IN)
What is the chief symptom of hypoparathyroidism?
tetany
Patient with chronic vitamin D deficiency is risk for developing
what endocrine disorder?
hypoparathyroidism
(think! low Ca+)
S/S of hypoparathyroidism (5)
tetany
anxiety
irritability
depression
hypotension
