National 5 Biology - Enzymes Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

National 5 Biology - Enzymes Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What type of molecule is an enzyme? A protein What is the term for the specific shape where an enzyme binds to its substrate? Active site What happens to an enzyme if the temperature gets too high? It becomes denatured What is meant by "enzyme specificity"? Each enzyme only works with one specific substrate What does the term "denatured" mean in relation to enzymes? The enzyme’s shape has changed so it no longer works 2 What is the name of the molecule that an enzyme acts upon? Substrate What is the name of the molecule produced after an enzyme reaction? Product How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a reaction? They lower it What happens to enzyme activity when the temperature is too low? The reaction slows down What pH level does pepsin work best at? Around pH 2 Where in the human body does amylase work? In the mouth and small intestine 3 What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions? They speed up chemical reactions without being used up What is the optimum temperature for most human enzymes? Around 37°C What enzyme breaks down starch? Amylase What is the product of starch breakdown by amylase? Maltose What enzyme breaks down proteins? Pepsin What is the product of protein digestion by pepsin? Amino acids 4 What enzyme breaks down fats? Lipase What are the products of fat digestion? Fatty acids and glycerol What happens to enzyme activity when the pH is too high or too low? The enzyme becomes less effective or denatured Where is pepsin produced in the body? The stomach Why do enzymes only work on specific substrates? Because the active site has a unique shape