61 Mechanical Technologist Grade Practice Exam
Question 1: Which statement best represents Newton’s First Law of Motion?
A: A body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force.
B: Force is equal to mass times acceleration.
C: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
D: Energy is conserved in a closed system.
Answer: A
Explanation: Newton's First Law, also known as the law of inertia, states that a body will remain
in its state of rest or uniform motion unless a net external force acts on it.
Question 2: What is the correct formulation of Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
A: F = m/a
B: F = ma
C: F = m + a
D: F = m - a
Answer: B
Explanation: Newton’s Second Law defines force as the product of mass and acceleration.
Question 3: Which option best describes Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
A: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
B: A body remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
C: The rate of change of momentum is proportional to applied force.
D: Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Answer: A
Explanation: Newton's Third Law states that forces always come in pairs; an action force and a
reaction force that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Question 4: What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state?
A: Energy can be created but not destroyed.
B: Energy is conserved in a closed system.
C: Heat flows from cold to hot.
D: The entropy of a system always decreases.
Answer: B
Explanation: The First Law of Thermodynamics is the principle of energy conservation stating
that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Question 5: Which of the following best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
A: Energy is conserved.
B: Energy will always disperse or spread out.
C: Work done is independent of energy.
D: Energy flows from low to high temperature.
Answer: B
,Explanation: The Second Law of Thermodynamics indicates that energy tends to spread out and
that processes have a preferred direction.
Question 6: How is stress defined in material science?
A: Force per unit area.
B: Energy per unit volume.
C: Mass per unit area.
D: Acceleration per unit time.
Answer: A
Explanation: Stress is defined as the force applied per unit area of the material.
Question 7: What does the term ‘mechanical advantage’ refer to?
A: The ratio of output force to input force.
B: The difference between work output and work input.
C: The rate of energy conversion.
D: The efficiency of thermal machines.
Answer: A
Explanation: Mechanical advantage is the factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force put
into it.
Question 8: How is efficiency in a mechanical system calculated?
A: Input energy divided by output energy.
B: Output energy divided by input energy.
C: The sum of input and output energy.
D: The difference between input and output energy.
Answer: B
Explanation: Efficiency is calculated as the ratio of useful output energy to the total input energy.
Question 9: Which condition is necessary for an object to be in static equilibrium?
A: Net force equals zero.
B: Net force is greater than zero.
C: Net force is less than zero.
D: Only gravitational forces act on it.
Answer: A
Explanation: Static equilibrium requires that the sum of forces and moments acting on an object
is zero.
Question 10: What is dynamic equilibrium in mechanics?
A: Motion at constant speed in a straight line.
B: No movement at all.
C: Accelerated motion under force.
D: Circular motion at variable speed.
Answer: A
Explanation: Dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving at a constant velocity,
meaning acceleration is zero.
,Question 11: Which of the following represents the SI unit for force?
A: Joule
B: Watt
C: Newton
D: Pascal
Answer: C
Explanation: The SI unit for force is the Newton (N), defined as kg·m/s².
Question 12: How do you convert a mass of 1 kilogram to force in newtons on Earth?
A: Multiply by 1
B: Multiply by 9.8
C: Multiply by 0.98
D: Multiply by 10
Answer: B
Explanation: The weight of 1 kilogram on Earth is approximately 9.8 newtons due to
gravitational acceleration.
Question 13: What is a key difference between the Imperial and Metric unit systems?
A: Imperial uses meters and kilograms, while Metric uses inches and pounds.
B: Imperial is based on the number 10, while Metric is not.
C: Metric uses a decimal system, while Imperial uses fractions.
D: There is no difference.
Answer: C
Explanation: The Metric system is decimal-based, making unit conversions simpler, while the
Imperial system often uses fractions.
Question 14: Which unit is typically used to measure pressure in the SI system?
A: Bar
B: Atmosphere
C: Pascal
D: Torr
Answer: C
Explanation: In the SI system, pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa).
Question 15: What does a stress-strain curve represent?
A: The relationship between force and energy.
B: The relationship between applied stress and resulting strain.
C: The speed of sound in materials.
D: The thermal conductivity of a material.
Answer: B
Explanation: A stress-strain curve illustrates how a material deforms under stress and provides
insight into its mechanical properties.
Question 16: How is strain defined in materials engineering?
A: The force per unit area.
B: The deformation relative to the original length.
, C: The energy per unit volume.
D: The measure of toughness.
Answer: B
Explanation: Strain is the measure of deformation representing the change in length divided by
the original length.
Question 17: What is Young's Modulus a measure of?
A: Plastic deformation.
B: Elastic stiffness of a material.
C: Thermal expansion.
D: Density of a material.
Answer: B
Explanation: Young’s Modulus measures a material's stiffness during elastic deformation.
Question 18: Which of the following best describes elastic deformation?
A: Permanent change in shape.
B: Temporary shape change that is reversible.
C: Material fracture.
D: A change in volume without change in shape.
Answer: B
Explanation: Elastic deformation is reversible, meaning the material returns to its original shape
after the applied stress is removed.
Question 19: What does the term ‘toughness’ of a material refer to?
A: Its ability to resist scratching.
B: Its ability to absorb energy before fracturing.
C: Its weight per unit volume.
D: Its hardness on a scale.
Answer: B
Explanation: Toughness is a measure of the energy a material can absorb before fracturing,
combining strength and ductility.
Question 20: Which formula correctly defines the factor of safety in design?
A: Factor of Safety = Yield Strength / Applied Stress
B: Factor of Safety = Applied Stress / Yield Strength
C: Factor of Safety = Ultimate Strength - Applied Stress
D: Factor of Safety = Ultimate Strength + Applied Stress
Answer: A
Explanation: The factor of safety is defined as the ratio of the material's yield strength to the
applied stress, ensuring design safety.
Question 21: In a tension test, which behavior indicates elastic deformation?
A: Permanent elongation after load removal.
B: No recovery after load removal.
C: Complete recovery of shape after load removal.
D: Sudden fracture.
Question 1: Which statement best represents Newton’s First Law of Motion?
A: A body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force.
B: Force is equal to mass times acceleration.
C: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
D: Energy is conserved in a closed system.
Answer: A
Explanation: Newton's First Law, also known as the law of inertia, states that a body will remain
in its state of rest or uniform motion unless a net external force acts on it.
Question 2: What is the correct formulation of Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
A: F = m/a
B: F = ma
C: F = m + a
D: F = m - a
Answer: B
Explanation: Newton’s Second Law defines force as the product of mass and acceleration.
Question 3: Which option best describes Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
A: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
B: A body remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
C: The rate of change of momentum is proportional to applied force.
D: Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Answer: A
Explanation: Newton's Third Law states that forces always come in pairs; an action force and a
reaction force that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Question 4: What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state?
A: Energy can be created but not destroyed.
B: Energy is conserved in a closed system.
C: Heat flows from cold to hot.
D: The entropy of a system always decreases.
Answer: B
Explanation: The First Law of Thermodynamics is the principle of energy conservation stating
that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Question 5: Which of the following best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
A: Energy is conserved.
B: Energy will always disperse or spread out.
C: Work done is independent of energy.
D: Energy flows from low to high temperature.
Answer: B
,Explanation: The Second Law of Thermodynamics indicates that energy tends to spread out and
that processes have a preferred direction.
Question 6: How is stress defined in material science?
A: Force per unit area.
B: Energy per unit volume.
C: Mass per unit area.
D: Acceleration per unit time.
Answer: A
Explanation: Stress is defined as the force applied per unit area of the material.
Question 7: What does the term ‘mechanical advantage’ refer to?
A: The ratio of output force to input force.
B: The difference between work output and work input.
C: The rate of energy conversion.
D: The efficiency of thermal machines.
Answer: A
Explanation: Mechanical advantage is the factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force put
into it.
Question 8: How is efficiency in a mechanical system calculated?
A: Input energy divided by output energy.
B: Output energy divided by input energy.
C: The sum of input and output energy.
D: The difference between input and output energy.
Answer: B
Explanation: Efficiency is calculated as the ratio of useful output energy to the total input energy.
Question 9: Which condition is necessary for an object to be in static equilibrium?
A: Net force equals zero.
B: Net force is greater than zero.
C: Net force is less than zero.
D: Only gravitational forces act on it.
Answer: A
Explanation: Static equilibrium requires that the sum of forces and moments acting on an object
is zero.
Question 10: What is dynamic equilibrium in mechanics?
A: Motion at constant speed in a straight line.
B: No movement at all.
C: Accelerated motion under force.
D: Circular motion at variable speed.
Answer: A
Explanation: Dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving at a constant velocity,
meaning acceleration is zero.
,Question 11: Which of the following represents the SI unit for force?
A: Joule
B: Watt
C: Newton
D: Pascal
Answer: C
Explanation: The SI unit for force is the Newton (N), defined as kg·m/s².
Question 12: How do you convert a mass of 1 kilogram to force in newtons on Earth?
A: Multiply by 1
B: Multiply by 9.8
C: Multiply by 0.98
D: Multiply by 10
Answer: B
Explanation: The weight of 1 kilogram on Earth is approximately 9.8 newtons due to
gravitational acceleration.
Question 13: What is a key difference between the Imperial and Metric unit systems?
A: Imperial uses meters and kilograms, while Metric uses inches and pounds.
B: Imperial is based on the number 10, while Metric is not.
C: Metric uses a decimal system, while Imperial uses fractions.
D: There is no difference.
Answer: C
Explanation: The Metric system is decimal-based, making unit conversions simpler, while the
Imperial system often uses fractions.
Question 14: Which unit is typically used to measure pressure in the SI system?
A: Bar
B: Atmosphere
C: Pascal
D: Torr
Answer: C
Explanation: In the SI system, pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa).
Question 15: What does a stress-strain curve represent?
A: The relationship between force and energy.
B: The relationship between applied stress and resulting strain.
C: The speed of sound in materials.
D: The thermal conductivity of a material.
Answer: B
Explanation: A stress-strain curve illustrates how a material deforms under stress and provides
insight into its mechanical properties.
Question 16: How is strain defined in materials engineering?
A: The force per unit area.
B: The deformation relative to the original length.
, C: The energy per unit volume.
D: The measure of toughness.
Answer: B
Explanation: Strain is the measure of deformation representing the change in length divided by
the original length.
Question 17: What is Young's Modulus a measure of?
A: Plastic deformation.
B: Elastic stiffness of a material.
C: Thermal expansion.
D: Density of a material.
Answer: B
Explanation: Young’s Modulus measures a material's stiffness during elastic deformation.
Question 18: Which of the following best describes elastic deformation?
A: Permanent change in shape.
B: Temporary shape change that is reversible.
C: Material fracture.
D: A change in volume without change in shape.
Answer: B
Explanation: Elastic deformation is reversible, meaning the material returns to its original shape
after the applied stress is removed.
Question 19: What does the term ‘toughness’ of a material refer to?
A: Its ability to resist scratching.
B: Its ability to absorb energy before fracturing.
C: Its weight per unit volume.
D: Its hardness on a scale.
Answer: B
Explanation: Toughness is a measure of the energy a material can absorb before fracturing,
combining strength and ductility.
Question 20: Which formula correctly defines the factor of safety in design?
A: Factor of Safety = Yield Strength / Applied Stress
B: Factor of Safety = Applied Stress / Yield Strength
C: Factor of Safety = Ultimate Strength - Applied Stress
D: Factor of Safety = Ultimate Strength + Applied Stress
Answer: A
Explanation: The factor of safety is defined as the ratio of the material's yield strength to the
applied stress, ensuring design safety.
Question 21: In a tension test, which behavior indicates elastic deformation?
A: Permanent elongation after load removal.
B: No recovery after load removal.
C: Complete recovery of shape after load removal.
D: Sudden fracture.
