NU 136, Galen College of Nursing Exam
Questions and answers 2025
what .are .the .locations .for .arterial .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--between .toes
-tips .of .toes
-over .phalangeal .heads
-around .lateral .malleolus
what .are .the .characteristics .of .arterial .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--severe .pain
-minimal .drainage
-decreased .temperature
-absent .or .diminished .pulses
-cyanosis
-thickened .toenails
-gangrene
what .are .the .locations .for .venous .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--medial .lower .leg
-ankle
-superior .to .medial .melleolus
-seldom, .if .ever .noted .on .the .foot .or .above .the .knee
what .are .the .characteristics .of .venous .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--moderate .to .large
.amount .of .drainage
-pain .levels .vary
-ankle .flare
-lipodermatosclerosis .(hard .fibrous .of .surrounding .tissue)
-dialated .superficial .veins
what .are .the .location .for .neuropathic .(Diabetic) .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--plantar .aspect
.of .foot
-over .metatarsal .heads
-under .heel
what .are .the .characteristics .for .neuropathic .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--low .to .moderate
.drainage
-foot .deformities
-deminished .or .absent .sensation .in .foot
-palpable .pulses
-osteomyelitis
,-usually .painless
what .are .the .phases .of .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓-hemostatis
inflammation
proliferation
maturation
what .phase .is .the .hemostasis .- .ANS✓✓-phase .1 .-the .immediate .response .the
.body .initiates .to .heal .(blood .clotting)
what .phase .is .the .inflammation .- .ANS✓✓-phase .2 .- .begins .immediately .and
.last .4-5 .days, .it .is .the .protective .response .(heat, .pain, .edema) .wbc .&
.macrophages .migrate .to .the .wound .& .begin .the .repair
what .phase .is .the .proliferation .- .ANS✓✓-phase .3 .- .reconstructive .phase .-
.begins .on .3rd .or .4th .day .and .lasts .2-3 .weeks
what .phase .is .the .maturation .phase .- .ANS✓✓-phase .4 .- .final .phase/remodeling
.phase .- .scar .maturation, .scar .slowly .thins .and .becomes .paler .- .begins .about .3
.weeks .after .injury .and .can .last .up .to .2 .years
what .factors .affect .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓--age
-nutrition .(protein/fluid .needed .for .healing)
-medications .(heparin, .steroids, .antineoplastics .interfere
.w/healing
-Infection .(slows .healing) .chronic .illness .(COPD, .DM, .CV) .
.slows .wound .healing .due .to .lack .of .oxygen .& .nutrients .at .
.the .cellular .level
-lifestyle .(regular .exercise)
-decreased .immune .system
-decreased .liver .function
what .is .first .intention .(Primary) .- .ANS✓✓-little .tissue .loss .- .edges .of .wound
.approximate .and .only .a .slight .chance .of .infection
what .is .second .intention .- .ANS✓✓-a .wound .with .tissue .loss .- .edges .of .wound
.do .not .approximate;wound .left .open .& .fills .with .scar .tissue
what .is .third .intention .(Tertiary) .- .ANS✓✓-occurs .when .there .is .delayed
.suturing .of .a .wound/wound .sutured .after .granulation .tissue .begins .to .form.
.(Healing.)
what .are .the .closed .wounds .and .characteristics .- .ANS✓✓--contusion .(bruise
.w/out .breaking .skin)
-hematoma .(pooling .of .blood .under .unbroken .skin)
-sprain .(twisting .of .a .joint)
,what .are .the .open .wounds .and .characteristics .- .ANS✓✓--incision .(surgically
.made .separation .of .tissues .w/clean .
.even .edges)
-laceration .(traumatic .separation .of .tissue)
-abrasion .(traumatic .scraping)
-penetrating .(bullet/metal)
-avulsion .(tearing .away)
-ulceration .(excavation .of .skin
-perforation .(internal .organ/cavity)
-crush .(tissue .disrupted .or .compressed
list .complications .of .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓--hemorrhage .(uncontrolled
.bleeding)
-dehiscence .(spontaneous .opening .of .an .incision)
-evisceration .(protrusion .of .an .internal .organ .through .an .
.incision)
-infection .(redness, .edema, .pain, .purulent .drainage)
what .is .the .purpose .of .wound .drains .- .ANS✓✓-to .provide .an .exit .for .blood .&
.pus .that .accumulate .during .the .inflammation .process
how .does .an .active .drain .work .- .ANS✓✓-it .is .attached .to .a .wound .suction
.device .to .remove .any .accumulated .exudate .or .other .material .
(ex. .Hemovac .& .Jackson-Pratt)
how .does .a .passive .drain .work .- .ANS✓✓-it .has .no .suction .device, .it .works .by
.the .increased .pressure .inside .the .wound .& .depends .on .gravity .& .capillary
.action .to .pull .out .any .fluid .buildup .(Penrose)
what .do .you .assess .with .drainage .- .ANS✓✓-color
consistency
odor
amount
what .are .the .advantages .of .negative .pressure .wound .therapy .(wound .vac) .-
.ANS✓✓--increase .healing .rate .by .40%
-increases .blood .flow .to .wound
-less .frequent .dressing .changes
-improved .tissue .growth
-draws .out .fluid
what .is .negative .pressure .wound .therapy .- .ANS✓✓-vacuum .assisted .closure
.involves .applying .a .suction .device .to .a .special .dressing .to .institute .negative
.pressure .at .the .site, .drawing .the .edges .together, .a .mechanical .stretch .of .cells
.occur .which .increases .cellular .proliferation .and .tissue .growth
a .cold .compress .can .be .on .no .longer .than____________________________ .-
.ANS✓✓-20 .minutes
, what .is .the .most .common .place .for .neuropathic .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓-metatarsals
what .is .charcot .foot .- .ANS✓✓-when .the .arch .collapses .and .causes .an .ulcer
what .do .you .assess .about .a .wound .- .ANS✓✓-the .skin .around .it .for:
edema
erythema
temp
what .are .types .of .wound .closures .- .ANS✓✓-sutures
staples
steri-strips .(if .wound .is .small)
dermabond .(synthetic, .non-invasive .glue_
what .are .the .different .types .of .debridement .- .ANS✓✓-sharps .- .cut .it .out
enzymatic .- .topical .substances .that .break .down .& .liquefy
.the .dead .tissue
chemical .- .the .use .of .Dakin .solution .or .sterile .maggots .on .a
.wound .with .necrotic .tissue .that .isn't .responding .
mechanical-physical .removal .of .debris .by .irrigation .or
.hydrotherapy .with .a .whirlpool .bath .or
.ultrasound .mist
what .is .a .hydrocolloid .- .ANS✓✓--self .adhesive .dressing .that .keeps .a .wound
.moist
-water .and .air .occlusive .
-facilitates .autolytic .debridement
-provides .thermal .insulation
what .are .montgomery .straps .- .ANS✓✓--tie .tapes
-allow .for .changing .of .the .dressing .without .removing .and
.reapplying .tape .(which .can .cause .skin .irritation)
what .is .telfa .- .ANS✓✓--non-adherent .dressing
shiney .non .adherent .surface .on .one .side .that .is .applied .to .the .wound, .exudate
.seeps .through .this .surface .& .collects .in .the .absorbent .material, .causing .less
.wound .trauma .when .removed
what .do .you .assess .on .a .wound .- .ANS✓✓--arythema .(redness;inflammation
.can .mean .infection)
-edema(if .it .goes .away .& .comes .back .could .mean .infection)
-denuded .(looks .raw/epithelial .sloughed .off)
-fluxuants .(movement .like .fluid .under .the .skin
-drainage .(color, .consistency, .amount .and .odor .but .only .if .
.odor .remains .after .wound .has .been .cleaned)
Questions and answers 2025
what .are .the .locations .for .arterial .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--between .toes
-tips .of .toes
-over .phalangeal .heads
-around .lateral .malleolus
what .are .the .characteristics .of .arterial .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--severe .pain
-minimal .drainage
-decreased .temperature
-absent .or .diminished .pulses
-cyanosis
-thickened .toenails
-gangrene
what .are .the .locations .for .venous .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--medial .lower .leg
-ankle
-superior .to .medial .melleolus
-seldom, .if .ever .noted .on .the .foot .or .above .the .knee
what .are .the .characteristics .of .venous .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--moderate .to .large
.amount .of .drainage
-pain .levels .vary
-ankle .flare
-lipodermatosclerosis .(hard .fibrous .of .surrounding .tissue)
-dialated .superficial .veins
what .are .the .location .for .neuropathic .(Diabetic) .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--plantar .aspect
.of .foot
-over .metatarsal .heads
-under .heel
what .are .the .characteristics .for .neuropathic .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓--low .to .moderate
.drainage
-foot .deformities
-deminished .or .absent .sensation .in .foot
-palpable .pulses
-osteomyelitis
,-usually .painless
what .are .the .phases .of .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓-hemostatis
inflammation
proliferation
maturation
what .phase .is .the .hemostasis .- .ANS✓✓-phase .1 .-the .immediate .response .the
.body .initiates .to .heal .(blood .clotting)
what .phase .is .the .inflammation .- .ANS✓✓-phase .2 .- .begins .immediately .and
.last .4-5 .days, .it .is .the .protective .response .(heat, .pain, .edema) .wbc .&
.macrophages .migrate .to .the .wound .& .begin .the .repair
what .phase .is .the .proliferation .- .ANS✓✓-phase .3 .- .reconstructive .phase .-
.begins .on .3rd .or .4th .day .and .lasts .2-3 .weeks
what .phase .is .the .maturation .phase .- .ANS✓✓-phase .4 .- .final .phase/remodeling
.phase .- .scar .maturation, .scar .slowly .thins .and .becomes .paler .- .begins .about .3
.weeks .after .injury .and .can .last .up .to .2 .years
what .factors .affect .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓--age
-nutrition .(protein/fluid .needed .for .healing)
-medications .(heparin, .steroids, .antineoplastics .interfere
.w/healing
-Infection .(slows .healing) .chronic .illness .(COPD, .DM, .CV) .
.slows .wound .healing .due .to .lack .of .oxygen .& .nutrients .at .
.the .cellular .level
-lifestyle .(regular .exercise)
-decreased .immune .system
-decreased .liver .function
what .is .first .intention .(Primary) .- .ANS✓✓-little .tissue .loss .- .edges .of .wound
.approximate .and .only .a .slight .chance .of .infection
what .is .second .intention .- .ANS✓✓-a .wound .with .tissue .loss .- .edges .of .wound
.do .not .approximate;wound .left .open .& .fills .with .scar .tissue
what .is .third .intention .(Tertiary) .- .ANS✓✓-occurs .when .there .is .delayed
.suturing .of .a .wound/wound .sutured .after .granulation .tissue .begins .to .form.
.(Healing.)
what .are .the .closed .wounds .and .characteristics .- .ANS✓✓--contusion .(bruise
.w/out .breaking .skin)
-hematoma .(pooling .of .blood .under .unbroken .skin)
-sprain .(twisting .of .a .joint)
,what .are .the .open .wounds .and .characteristics .- .ANS✓✓--incision .(surgically
.made .separation .of .tissues .w/clean .
.even .edges)
-laceration .(traumatic .separation .of .tissue)
-abrasion .(traumatic .scraping)
-penetrating .(bullet/metal)
-avulsion .(tearing .away)
-ulceration .(excavation .of .skin
-perforation .(internal .organ/cavity)
-crush .(tissue .disrupted .or .compressed
list .complications .of .wound .healing .- .ANS✓✓--hemorrhage .(uncontrolled
.bleeding)
-dehiscence .(spontaneous .opening .of .an .incision)
-evisceration .(protrusion .of .an .internal .organ .through .an .
.incision)
-infection .(redness, .edema, .pain, .purulent .drainage)
what .is .the .purpose .of .wound .drains .- .ANS✓✓-to .provide .an .exit .for .blood .&
.pus .that .accumulate .during .the .inflammation .process
how .does .an .active .drain .work .- .ANS✓✓-it .is .attached .to .a .wound .suction
.device .to .remove .any .accumulated .exudate .or .other .material .
(ex. .Hemovac .& .Jackson-Pratt)
how .does .a .passive .drain .work .- .ANS✓✓-it .has .no .suction .device, .it .works .by
.the .increased .pressure .inside .the .wound .& .depends .on .gravity .& .capillary
.action .to .pull .out .any .fluid .buildup .(Penrose)
what .do .you .assess .with .drainage .- .ANS✓✓-color
consistency
odor
amount
what .are .the .advantages .of .negative .pressure .wound .therapy .(wound .vac) .-
.ANS✓✓--increase .healing .rate .by .40%
-increases .blood .flow .to .wound
-less .frequent .dressing .changes
-improved .tissue .growth
-draws .out .fluid
what .is .negative .pressure .wound .therapy .- .ANS✓✓-vacuum .assisted .closure
.involves .applying .a .suction .device .to .a .special .dressing .to .institute .negative
.pressure .at .the .site, .drawing .the .edges .together, .a .mechanical .stretch .of .cells
.occur .which .increases .cellular .proliferation .and .tissue .growth
a .cold .compress .can .be .on .no .longer .than____________________________ .-
.ANS✓✓-20 .minutes
, what .is .the .most .common .place .for .neuropathic .ulcers .- .ANS✓✓-metatarsals
what .is .charcot .foot .- .ANS✓✓-when .the .arch .collapses .and .causes .an .ulcer
what .do .you .assess .about .a .wound .- .ANS✓✓-the .skin .around .it .for:
edema
erythema
temp
what .are .types .of .wound .closures .- .ANS✓✓-sutures
staples
steri-strips .(if .wound .is .small)
dermabond .(synthetic, .non-invasive .glue_
what .are .the .different .types .of .debridement .- .ANS✓✓-sharps .- .cut .it .out
enzymatic .- .topical .substances .that .break .down .& .liquefy
.the .dead .tissue
chemical .- .the .use .of .Dakin .solution .or .sterile .maggots .on .a
.wound .with .necrotic .tissue .that .isn't .responding .
mechanical-physical .removal .of .debris .by .irrigation .or
.hydrotherapy .with .a .whirlpool .bath .or
.ultrasound .mist
what .is .a .hydrocolloid .- .ANS✓✓--self .adhesive .dressing .that .keeps .a .wound
.moist
-water .and .air .occlusive .
-facilitates .autolytic .debridement
-provides .thermal .insulation
what .are .montgomery .straps .- .ANS✓✓--tie .tapes
-allow .for .changing .of .the .dressing .without .removing .and
.reapplying .tape .(which .can .cause .skin .irritation)
what .is .telfa .- .ANS✓✓--non-adherent .dressing
shiney .non .adherent .surface .on .one .side .that .is .applied .to .the .wound, .exudate
.seeps .through .this .surface .& .collects .in .the .absorbent .material, .causing .less
.wound .trauma .when .removed
what .do .you .assess .on .a .wound .- .ANS✓✓--arythema .(redness;inflammation
.can .mean .infection)
-edema(if .it .goes .away .& .comes .back .could .mean .infection)
-denuded .(looks .raw/epithelial .sloughed .off)
-fluxuants .(movement .like .fluid .under .the .skin
-drainage .(color, .consistency, .amount .and .odor .but .only .if .
.odor .remains .after .wound .has .been .cleaned)
