Maternity/OB
ABO incompatibility - ANS-Occurs whilst maternal blood kind O and fetus blood type A, B, or
AB. Maternal anitbodies cross placenta (anti-a, anti-b). Increased hemolysis of RBC's occurs
abruptio placentae - ANS-untimely separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
acrocyanosis - ANS-Bluish discoloration of the arms and feet in the new child; peripheral
cyanosis. Should not persist beyond 24 hours after start
afterpains - ANS-Moderate to severe cramp-like pains which are associated with the uterus
running harder to remain shriveled and/or to the growth of oxytocin this is launched in
response to infant suckling; more commonplace in multiparas
amnioinfusion - ANS-creation of a solution into the amniotic sac; an isotonic answer is most
normally used to relieve fetal distress
amniotic fluid embolism - ANS-rare but severe circumstance that takes place when amniotic
fluid — the fluid that surrounds a infant within the uterus throughout being pregnant — or
fetal cloth, inclusive of fetal cells, enters the mother's bloodstream. Amniotic fluid embolism
is most in all likelihood to occur at some stage in shipping or without delay in a while.
Amniotomy - ANS-ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (AROM). Indicated to induce
labor or increase exertions if the development starts to sluggish
bishop rating - ANS-used to determine the maternal readiness for labor via evaluating if the
cervix is favorable by means of rating the following: 1. Cervical dilation 2. Cervical
effacement three. Cervical consistency (company, medium or gentle) four. Cervical function
(posterior), midposition, or anterior) 5. Offering element station; The five factors are assigned
a numerical fee of 0-3, the whole score is calculated and a rating of 8 readiness for labor
induction.
Bloody display - ANS-A small quantity of blood at the vagina that looks at the beginning of
exertions and might include a plug of crimson-tinged mucus that is discharged whilst the
cervix starts to dilate.
Braxton hicks contractions - ANS-intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with
increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
caput succedaneum - ANS-Edematous swelling on scalp as a result of stress throughout
delivery. This swelling may cross suture traces it normally disappears in some days.
Cardinal movements of hard work - ANS-As the fetal head passes via the pelvic axis and
under the symphysis pubis the fetal head extends. Crowning is when the fetal head visibly
separates the maternal labia with pushing. The head will supply.
Cephalhematoma - ANS-a collection of blood attributable to ruptured blood vessels among
the surface of a cranial bone (commonly parietal) and the periosteal membrane. Common in
vertex births, can also disappear w/in 2 to three weeks. Does now not corss suture lines.
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) - ANS-situation stopping ordinary transport through the
beginning canal; both the toddler's head is simply too massive or the start canal is too small
cerclage - ANS-suturing the cervix to preserve it from dilating in advance all through the
pregnancy
cervical insufficiency - ANS-Painless dilatation of the cervix with out contractions because of
a structural or purposeful defect of the cervix. Also called incompetent cervix.
, Cervical ripening - ANS-Softening of the cervix that typically begins prior to hard work and is
necessary for cervical dilation and passage of the fetus
clonus - ANS-involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations
crepitus - ANS-A grating or grinding sensation due to fractured bone ends or joints rubbing
collectively; also air bubbles underneath the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly
feeling.
Diastasis recti - ANS-the separation of the 2 rectus muscular tissues along the median line
of the belly wall; in children, that is regular; in women, that is because of repeated
pregnancies or a a couple of delivery
dilation - ANS-the opening of the cervix (measured in centimeters), and effacement, the
thinning of the cervix (measured in percentage), arise in a pregnant girl as hard work and
delivery get nearer.
Dystocia - ANS-atypical or difficult labor
eclampsia - ANS-convulsion or coma ocurring in pregnant ladies; normally associated with
high blood pressure, edema, or proteinuria
ectopic being pregnant - ANS-implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterine hollow
space, frequently within the tube or ovary, or, rarely, in the stomach cavity
effacement - ANS-Thinning of the cervix with regards to labor
erythema toxicum - ANS-purple rash that appears suddenly anywhere at the body of a term
new child at some stage in the primary three weeks.
Fetal mindset - ANS-degree of frame flexion, extension of the joints and the connection of
fetal components to each other
fetal lie - ANS-The courting of the long axis of the fetus to the lengthy axis (spine) of the
mom; longitudinal, transverse, or olique
fetal presentation - ANS-that part of the fetus that first enters the pelvis and lies over the
inlet; describes the element a good way to be in contact with the cervix; decided by means of
each mindset and lie
fetal station - ANS-Location of the presenting element when it comes to the midpelvis or
ischial spines; expressed as cm above or under the spines; station 0 is engaged, station -2
is 2 cm above the ischial spines
FHR accelerations - ANS-The length of the acceleration is defined as the time from the
preliminary exchange in heart charge from the baseline to the time of return to the FHR to
baseline. Adequate accelerations are described as: <32 weeks' : >10 BPMabove baseline
for >10 seconds [3] >32 weeks' : >15 BPM above baseline for > 15 seconds[3].
FHR baseline - ANS-a hundred and ten-a hundred and sixty BPM. Lower restriction is 110-a
hundred and twenty. Upper limit is one hundred twenty-160.
FHR deceleration: LATE - ANS-related to uteroplacental insufficiency and are provoked by
means of uterine contractions. Any decrease in uterine blood float or placental dysfunction
can reason overdue decelerations. Maternal hypotension and uterine hyperstimulation can
also decrease uterine blood drift. Postdate gestation, preeclampsia, continual hypertension
and diabetes mellitus are most of the causes of placental dysfunction. Other maternal
situations which includes acidosis and hypovolemia associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
may additionally lead to a decrease in uterine blood flow, overdue decelerations and
decreased baseline variability.
FHR decelerations: EARLY - ANS-because of fetal head compression for the duration of
uterine contraction, resulting in vagal stimulation and slowing of the heart fee. This type of
deceleration has a uniform shape, with a slow onset that coincides with the start of the
ABO incompatibility - ANS-Occurs whilst maternal blood kind O and fetus blood type A, B, or
AB. Maternal anitbodies cross placenta (anti-a, anti-b). Increased hemolysis of RBC's occurs
abruptio placentae - ANS-untimely separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
acrocyanosis - ANS-Bluish discoloration of the arms and feet in the new child; peripheral
cyanosis. Should not persist beyond 24 hours after start
afterpains - ANS-Moderate to severe cramp-like pains which are associated with the uterus
running harder to remain shriveled and/or to the growth of oxytocin this is launched in
response to infant suckling; more commonplace in multiparas
amnioinfusion - ANS-creation of a solution into the amniotic sac; an isotonic answer is most
normally used to relieve fetal distress
amniotic fluid embolism - ANS-rare but severe circumstance that takes place when amniotic
fluid — the fluid that surrounds a infant within the uterus throughout being pregnant — or
fetal cloth, inclusive of fetal cells, enters the mother's bloodstream. Amniotic fluid embolism
is most in all likelihood to occur at some stage in shipping or without delay in a while.
Amniotomy - ANS-ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (AROM). Indicated to induce
labor or increase exertions if the development starts to sluggish
bishop rating - ANS-used to determine the maternal readiness for labor via evaluating if the
cervix is favorable by means of rating the following: 1. Cervical dilation 2. Cervical
effacement three. Cervical consistency (company, medium or gentle) four. Cervical function
(posterior), midposition, or anterior) 5. Offering element station; The five factors are assigned
a numerical fee of 0-3, the whole score is calculated and a rating of 8 readiness for labor
induction.
Bloody display - ANS-A small quantity of blood at the vagina that looks at the beginning of
exertions and might include a plug of crimson-tinged mucus that is discharged whilst the
cervix starts to dilate.
Braxton hicks contractions - ANS-intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with
increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
caput succedaneum - ANS-Edematous swelling on scalp as a result of stress throughout
delivery. This swelling may cross suture traces it normally disappears in some days.
Cardinal movements of hard work - ANS-As the fetal head passes via the pelvic axis and
under the symphysis pubis the fetal head extends. Crowning is when the fetal head visibly
separates the maternal labia with pushing. The head will supply.
Cephalhematoma - ANS-a collection of blood attributable to ruptured blood vessels among
the surface of a cranial bone (commonly parietal) and the periosteal membrane. Common in
vertex births, can also disappear w/in 2 to three weeks. Does now not corss suture lines.
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) - ANS-situation stopping ordinary transport through the
beginning canal; both the toddler's head is simply too massive or the start canal is too small
cerclage - ANS-suturing the cervix to preserve it from dilating in advance all through the
pregnancy
cervical insufficiency - ANS-Painless dilatation of the cervix with out contractions because of
a structural or purposeful defect of the cervix. Also called incompetent cervix.
, Cervical ripening - ANS-Softening of the cervix that typically begins prior to hard work and is
necessary for cervical dilation and passage of the fetus
clonus - ANS-involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations
crepitus - ANS-A grating or grinding sensation due to fractured bone ends or joints rubbing
collectively; also air bubbles underneath the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly
feeling.
Diastasis recti - ANS-the separation of the 2 rectus muscular tissues along the median line
of the belly wall; in children, that is regular; in women, that is because of repeated
pregnancies or a a couple of delivery
dilation - ANS-the opening of the cervix (measured in centimeters), and effacement, the
thinning of the cervix (measured in percentage), arise in a pregnant girl as hard work and
delivery get nearer.
Dystocia - ANS-atypical or difficult labor
eclampsia - ANS-convulsion or coma ocurring in pregnant ladies; normally associated with
high blood pressure, edema, or proteinuria
ectopic being pregnant - ANS-implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterine hollow
space, frequently within the tube or ovary, or, rarely, in the stomach cavity
effacement - ANS-Thinning of the cervix with regards to labor
erythema toxicum - ANS-purple rash that appears suddenly anywhere at the body of a term
new child at some stage in the primary three weeks.
Fetal mindset - ANS-degree of frame flexion, extension of the joints and the connection of
fetal components to each other
fetal lie - ANS-The courting of the long axis of the fetus to the lengthy axis (spine) of the
mom; longitudinal, transverse, or olique
fetal presentation - ANS-that part of the fetus that first enters the pelvis and lies over the
inlet; describes the element a good way to be in contact with the cervix; decided by means of
each mindset and lie
fetal station - ANS-Location of the presenting element when it comes to the midpelvis or
ischial spines; expressed as cm above or under the spines; station 0 is engaged, station -2
is 2 cm above the ischial spines
FHR accelerations - ANS-The length of the acceleration is defined as the time from the
preliminary exchange in heart charge from the baseline to the time of return to the FHR to
baseline. Adequate accelerations are described as: <32 weeks' : >10 BPMabove baseline
for >10 seconds [3] >32 weeks' : >15 BPM above baseline for > 15 seconds[3].
FHR baseline - ANS-a hundred and ten-a hundred and sixty BPM. Lower restriction is 110-a
hundred and twenty. Upper limit is one hundred twenty-160.
FHR deceleration: LATE - ANS-related to uteroplacental insufficiency and are provoked by
means of uterine contractions. Any decrease in uterine blood float or placental dysfunction
can reason overdue decelerations. Maternal hypotension and uterine hyperstimulation can
also decrease uterine blood drift. Postdate gestation, preeclampsia, continual hypertension
and diabetes mellitus are most of the causes of placental dysfunction. Other maternal
situations which includes acidosis and hypovolemia associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
may additionally lead to a decrease in uterine blood flow, overdue decelerations and
decreased baseline variability.
FHR decelerations: EARLY - ANS-because of fetal head compression for the duration of
uterine contraction, resulting in vagal stimulation and slowing of the heart fee. This type of
deceleration has a uniform shape, with a slow onset that coincides with the start of the
