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Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Second Cdn. Ed. (Tro)
Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements
2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to?
A) Law of definite proportions
B) Law of the conservation of mass
C) Law of modern atomic theory
D) Law of multiple proportions
E) First law of thermodynamics
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
2) If 3.6 g of chlorine combines with sodium to make 6.0 g of sodium chloride, what mass of
sodium is required?
A) 3.6 g
B) 2.4 g
C) 6.0 g
D) 9.6 g
E) 1.2 g
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
3) What mass of calcium is required to produce 4.2 g of calcium bromide, starting with 3.4 g of
bromine?
A) 0.4 g
B) 3.4 g
C) 4.2 g
D) 1.6 g
E) 0.8 g
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
4) All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have
the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?
A) Law of definite proportions
B) Law of the conservation of mass
C) Law of modern atomic theory
D) Law of multiple proportions
E) First law of thermodynamics
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
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5) If 26.0 g of water, O, is found to contain 2.9 g of hydrogen and 23.1 g of oxygen, how 9) Which of the following is an example of the law of multiple proportions?
much hydrogen and oxygen, in grams, is contained in 32.0 g of water? A) A sample of chlorine is found to contain three times as much Cl-35 as Cl-37.
A) 3.6 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen B) Two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios:
B) 28.4 g hydrogen and 3.6 g oxygen 1.33 g O:1 g C and 2.66 g O:1 g C.
C) 26.0 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen C) Two different samples of table salt are found to have the same ratio of sodium to chlorine.
D) 3.6 g hydrogen and 2.9 g oxygen D) The atomic mass of bromine is found to be 79.90 amu.
E) 2.9 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen E) Nitrogen dioxide always has a mass ratio of 2.28 g O:1 g N.
Answer: A Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
6) When two elements, A and B, form two different compounds, the masses of element B that 10) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Dalton's atomic theory?
combine with 1 g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers. Which law A) Atoms combine in simple fraction ratios to form compounds.
does this refer to? B) All atoms of chlorine have identical properties to other elements with similar mass.
A) Law of definite proportions C) Atoms of carbon can be changed into atoms of oxygen when creating carbon dioxide.
B) Law of the conservation of mass D) Atoms of carbon do not change into another element during a chemical reaction with
C) Law of modern atomic theory chlorine.
D) Law of multiple proportions E) An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique
E) First law of thermodynamics properties of nitrogen.
Answer: D Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
7) If 6.0 g of carbon combines with 16.0 g of oxygen to form 22.0 g of carbon dioxide, how 11) Identify the description of an atom.
much carbon and oxygen, in grams, is in 28.7 g carbon dioxide? A) neutrons and electrons in nucleus; protons in orbitals
A) 20.9 g carbon and 7.8 g oxygen B) neutrons in nucleus; protons and electrons in orbitals
B) 20.9 g carbon and 10.5 g oxygen C) protons and neutrons in nucleus; electrons in orbitals
C) 7.8 g carbon and 20.9 g oxygen D) protons and electrons in nucleus; neutrons in orbitals
D) 7.8 g carbon and 10.5 g oxygen E) electrons in nucleus; protons and neutrons in orbitals
E) 3.9 g carbon and 20.9 g oxygen Answer: C
Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
12) Identify the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
8) Dalton's atomic theory states A) protons +1, neutrons 0, electrons -1
A) that all elements have several isotopes. B) protons 0, neutrons -1, electrons +1
B) that matter is composed of small indestructible particles. C) protons -1, neutrons 0, electrons +1
C) that the properties of matter are determined by the properties of atoms. D) protons 0, neutrons +1, electrons -1
D) that energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. E) protons +1, neutrons -1, electrons 0
E) that an atom is predominantly empty space. Answer: A
Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
13) Isotopes differ in the number of what particle?
A) beta particles
B) protons
C) electrons
D) neutrons
E) gamma particles
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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18) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
14) The mass number is equal to
A) the sum of the number of the electrons and protons. X
B) the sum of the number of the neutrons and electrons.
C) the sum of the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D) the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. A) tin
Answer: D B) copper
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 C) palladium
D) niobium
15) Identify the element that has an atomic number of 40. E) uranium
A) neon Answer: E
B) calcium Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
C) zirconium
D) bromine 19) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following:
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 X
16) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
A) p+ = 18 n° = 18 e- = 22
X B) p+ = 18 n° = 22 e- = 18
C) p+ = 22 n° = 18 e- = 18
A) mercury D) p+ = 18 n° = 22 e- = 40
B) chlorine E) p+ = 40 n° = 22 e- = 18
C) scandium Answer: B
D) bromine Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
E) selenium
Answer: D 20) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following:
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
X
17) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
X A) p+ = 12 n° = 25 e- = 12
B) p+ = 12 n° = 12 e- = 13
C) p+ = 12 n° = 13 e- = 12
A) silicon D) p+ = 25 n° = 12 e- = 13
B) sulfur
E) p+ = 12 n° = 13 e- = 25
C) zinc
Answer: C
D) ruthenium
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
E) nickel
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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21) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following: 24) What element is defined by the following information?
X p+ = 17 n° = 20 e- = 17
A) calcium
A) p+ = 36 n° = 29 e- = 36 B) rubidium
B) p+ = 29 n° = 29 e- = 36 C) chlorine
C) p+ = 36 n° = 36 e- = 29 D) neon
E) oxygen
D) p+ = 29 n° = 36 e- = 29
Answer: C
E) p+ = 29 n° = 36 e- = 36 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 25) How many electrons are in arsenic?
A) 33
22) What element is defined by the following information?
B) 41
C) 42
p+ = 11 n° = 12 e- = 11 D) 41.9
E) 75
A) sodium Answer: A
B) vanadium Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
C) magnesium
D) titanium 26) How many neutrons are in arsenic-42?
Answer: A A) 33
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 B) 41
C) 9
23) What element is defined by the following information? D) 41.9
E) 75
p+ = 20 n° = 20 e- = 20 Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
A) zirconium
B) calcium 27) How many protons are in arsenic?
C) potassium A) 33
D) neon B) 41
E) argon C) 42
Answer: B D) 41.9
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 E) 75
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
28) Which of the following statements about subatomic particles is TRUE?
A) A neutral atom contains the same number of protons and electrons.
B) Protons have about the same mass as electrons.
C) Electrons make up most of the mass of an atom.
D) Protons and neutrons have opposite, but equal in magnitude, charges.
E) Neutrons and electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Second Cdn. Ed. (Tro)
Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements
2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to?
A) Law of definite proportions
B) Law of the conservation of mass
C) Law of modern atomic theory
D) Law of multiple proportions
E) First law of thermodynamics
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
2) If 3.6 g of chlorine combines with sodium to make 6.0 g of sodium chloride, what mass of
sodium is required?
A) 3.6 g
B) 2.4 g
C) 6.0 g
D) 9.6 g
E) 1.2 g
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
3) What mass of calcium is required to produce 4.2 g of calcium bromide, starting with 3.4 g of
bromine?
A) 0.4 g
B) 3.4 g
C) 4.2 g
D) 1.6 g
E) 0.8 g
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
4) All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have
the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?
A) Law of definite proportions
B) Law of the conservation of mass
C) Law of modern atomic theory
D) Law of multiple proportions
E) First law of thermodynamics
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
1
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5) If 26.0 g of water, O, is found to contain 2.9 g of hydrogen and 23.1 g of oxygen, how 9) Which of the following is an example of the law of multiple proportions?
much hydrogen and oxygen, in grams, is contained in 32.0 g of water? A) A sample of chlorine is found to contain three times as much Cl-35 as Cl-37.
A) 3.6 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen B) Two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios:
B) 28.4 g hydrogen and 3.6 g oxygen 1.33 g O:1 g C and 2.66 g O:1 g C.
C) 26.0 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen C) Two different samples of table salt are found to have the same ratio of sodium to chlorine.
D) 3.6 g hydrogen and 2.9 g oxygen D) The atomic mass of bromine is found to be 79.90 amu.
E) 2.9 g hydrogen and 28.4 g oxygen E) Nitrogen dioxide always has a mass ratio of 2.28 g O:1 g N.
Answer: A Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
6) When two elements, A and B, form two different compounds, the masses of element B that 10) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Dalton's atomic theory?
combine with 1 g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers. Which law A) Atoms combine in simple fraction ratios to form compounds.
does this refer to? B) All atoms of chlorine have identical properties to other elements with similar mass.
A) Law of definite proportions C) Atoms of carbon can be changed into atoms of oxygen when creating carbon dioxide.
B) Law of the conservation of mass D) Atoms of carbon do not change into another element during a chemical reaction with
C) Law of modern atomic theory chlorine.
D) Law of multiple proportions E) An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique
E) First law of thermodynamics properties of nitrogen.
Answer: D Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
7) If 6.0 g of carbon combines with 16.0 g of oxygen to form 22.0 g of carbon dioxide, how 11) Identify the description of an atom.
much carbon and oxygen, in grams, is in 28.7 g carbon dioxide? A) neutrons and electrons in nucleus; protons in orbitals
A) 20.9 g carbon and 7.8 g oxygen B) neutrons in nucleus; protons and electrons in orbitals
B) 20.9 g carbon and 10.5 g oxygen C) protons and neutrons in nucleus; electrons in orbitals
C) 7.8 g carbon and 20.9 g oxygen D) protons and electrons in nucleus; neutrons in orbitals
D) 7.8 g carbon and 10.5 g oxygen E) electrons in nucleus; protons and neutrons in orbitals
E) 3.9 g carbon and 20.9 g oxygen Answer: C
Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Diff: 3 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
12) Identify the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
8) Dalton's atomic theory states A) protons +1, neutrons 0, electrons -1
A) that all elements have several isotopes. B) protons 0, neutrons -1, electrons +1
B) that matter is composed of small indestructible particles. C) protons -1, neutrons 0, electrons +1
C) that the properties of matter are determined by the properties of atoms. D) protons 0, neutrons +1, electrons -1
D) that energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. E) protons +1, neutrons -1, electrons 0
E) that an atom is predominantly empty space. Answer: A
Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.3
13) Isotopes differ in the number of what particle?
A) beta particles
B) protons
C) electrons
D) neutrons
E) gamma particles
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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18) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
14) The mass number is equal to
A) the sum of the number of the electrons and protons. X
B) the sum of the number of the neutrons and electrons.
C) the sum of the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D) the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. A) tin
Answer: D B) copper
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 C) palladium
D) niobium
15) Identify the element that has an atomic number of 40. E) uranium
A) neon Answer: E
B) calcium Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
C) zirconium
D) bromine 19) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following:
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 X
16) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
A) p+ = 18 n° = 18 e- = 22
X B) p+ = 18 n° = 22 e- = 18
C) p+ = 22 n° = 18 e- = 18
A) mercury D) p+ = 18 n° = 22 e- = 40
B) chlorine E) p+ = 40 n° = 22 e- = 18
C) scandium Answer: B
D) bromine Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
E) selenium
Answer: D 20) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following:
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
X
17) What does "X" represent in the following symbol?
X A) p+ = 12 n° = 25 e- = 12
B) p+ = 12 n° = 12 e- = 13
C) p+ = 12 n° = 13 e- = 12
A) silicon D) p+ = 25 n° = 12 e- = 13
B) sulfur
E) p+ = 12 n° = 13 e- = 25
C) zinc
Answer: C
D) ruthenium
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
E) nickel
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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21) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following: 24) What element is defined by the following information?
X p+ = 17 n° = 20 e- = 17
A) calcium
A) p+ = 36 n° = 29 e- = 36 B) rubidium
B) p+ = 29 n° = 29 e- = 36 C) chlorine
C) p+ = 36 n° = 36 e- = 29 D) neon
E) oxygen
D) p+ = 29 n° = 36 e- = 29
Answer: C
E) p+ = 29 n° = 36 e- = 36 Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 25) How many electrons are in arsenic?
A) 33
22) What element is defined by the following information?
B) 41
C) 42
p+ = 11 n° = 12 e- = 11 D) 41.9
E) 75
A) sodium Answer: A
B) vanadium Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
C) magnesium
D) titanium 26) How many neutrons are in arsenic-42?
Answer: A A) 33
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 B) 41
C) 9
23) What element is defined by the following information? D) 41.9
E) 75
p+ = 20 n° = 20 e- = 20 Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
A) zirconium
B) calcium 27) How many protons are in arsenic?
C) potassium A) 33
D) neon B) 41
E) argon C) 42
Answer: B D) 41.9
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4 E) 75
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
28) Which of the following statements about subatomic particles is TRUE?
A) A neutral atom contains the same number of protons and electrons.
B) Protons have about the same mass as electrons.
C) Electrons make up most of the mass of an atom.
D) Protons and neutrons have opposite, but equal in magnitude, charges.
E) Neutrons and electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Var: 1 Page Ref: 2.4
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