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Chapter 02: Structure of the Atom
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Johnston: Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging, 2nd Edition
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MULTIPLEaCHOICE

1. Theaearliestaatomicatheoryaisagenerallyaassociatedawith
a. Bohr
b. Leucippus
c. Democritus
d. Dalton
ANS:a B
Althoughahisatheoryawasasomewhatavague,aLeucippusaisamostaoftenatheaearliestapersonaassociateda
withaatomicatheory.

REF:a a 16 OBJ:a a 1

2. TheawordaatomaisaderivedafromatheaGreekawordaatomos,ameaning
a. nuclear
b. small
c. indivisible
d. invisible
ANS:a C
TheaGreekawordaatomosameansa―indivisible.‖

REF:a a 16 OBJ:a a 1

3. Inatheaearlya1800saEnglishachemistaJohnaDaltonatheorizedathat
a. elementsaformacompounds
b. atomsaareauniqueatoaeachaelementainasizeaandamass
c. aachemicalareactionaresultsafromaatomsabeingarearranged
d. allaofatheaabove
ANS:a D
Asaaaresultaofahisaexperiments,aJohnaDaltonatheorizedathataelementsaformacompounds,aatomsaar
eauniqueatoaeachaelementainasizeaandamass,aandathataaachemicalareactionaresultsafromaatomsabein
garearranged.

REF:a a 16 OBJ:a a 1

4. Discoveryaofatheaelectronaisaattributedato
a. Dalton
b. Bohr
c. Thomson
d. Rutherford
ANS:a C
JosephaJohna―J.J.‖aThomsonadeterminedathatatheaelectronawasaaanegativelyachargedapartaofatheaat
om.




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REF:a a 17 OBJ:a a 1

5. Thea―plumapuddingamodel‖aisaassociatedawith
a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson
ANS:a D
Basedaonatheaphysicalaarrangementaofaraisinsainaaaplumapudding,aThomsonadescribedatheaatomaand
asurroundinganegativelya chargedaparticlesa(electrons).




REF:a a 17 OBJ:a a 1

6. Theaearliestaatomicatheoryabasedaonaanaarrangementasimilaratoatheasolarasystemaisaattributedato
a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson

ANS:a B
Rutherfordadevelopedatheatheoryathatatheaatomaconsistedaofaaaveryadenseanucleusawithasmallaelectr
onsarotatingaaround,asimilaratoatheasunaandaplanets.

REF:a a 17 OBJ:a a 1

7. Theamostacommonlyaknownamodernaatomicatheoryawasadevelopedaby
a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson
ANS:a A
NielsaBohrarefinedaRutherford’saatomicatheory,abasedaonatheasolarasystem,aintoatheamostacommonl
yaknownaatomicatheoryatoday.

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 1

8. Theathreeafundamentalaparticlesaofatheaatomaareathe
a. element,anucleus,aandaelectron
b. electron,anucleus,aandaproton
c. neutron,aelectron,aandaproton
d. nucleus,aproton,aandaneutron

ANS:a C
Theathreeafundamentalacomponentsaofatheaatomaareatheaproton,aelectron,aandaneutron.

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 2

9. Theaatomicanucleusacontains
a. protonsaandaneutrons
b. protonsaandaelectrons




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c. electronsaandaneutrons
d. allaofatheaabove
ANS:a A
Theaatomicanucleusacontainsavaryingaamountsaofaprotonsaandaneutrons,adependingaonatheaelement.

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 2

10. Theacomponentaofatheanucleusathatahasaaapositiveachargeaandamassaisathe
a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. noneaofatheaabove

ANS:a C
Theaprotonaisatheapartaofatheanucleusathatahasaaapositiveachargeaandamass.

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 3

11. Theacomponentaofatheanucleusathatahasamassabutanoaelectricalachargeaisathe
a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. noneaofatheaabove
ANS:a B
Theaneutronaisafoundainatheanucleus;aitaisaveryasimilaratoatheaprotonabutahasanoaelectricalachargea(ne
utral).

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 3

12. Theafundamentalacomponentaofatheaatomathatahasatheasmallestamassaisathe
a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. noneaofatheaabove
ANS:a A
Theaelectronahasasignificantlyalessamassathanatheaneutronaoraproton.

REF:a a 18 OBJ:a a 3

13. Theamassaofaanaatomaisaprimarilyadueatoatheamassaofathe
a. neutrons
b. nucleus
c. electrons
d. protons
ANS:a B
Theanucleus,aconsistingaofabothaprotonsaandaneutrons,aaccountsaforatheamajorityaofatheamassaofaan
aatom.




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