HESI MICROBIOLOGY ON CELLS TEST BANK
EXAM 2024 161 QUESTIONS ALL WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+| NEWLY
UPDATED!!!!
Which of these is considered to be the smallest unit of life?
a) the nucleus
b) the mitochondrion
c) a plasmid
d) the cell
e) a prion - ANSWERS -d) The smallest unit of life is *the cell*.
The study of microbiology includes all of the following EXCEPT _____ .
a) plants
b) viruses
c) bacteria
d) fungi
e) algae - ANSWERS -a) The study of microbiology includes all of the following EXCEPT *plants*.
What percent of the dry weight of the cell is composed of DNA?
a) 2 - 5
b) 12 -15
,c) 25 - 30
d) 35 -40
e) 50 - 55 - ANSWERS -a) *2-5* % of the dry weight of the cell is composed of DNA
What are the three Domains of life?
a) Monera, Animals, and Plants
b) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
c) Prokaryote, Eukaryote, and Fungi
d) Animals, Plants, and Bacteria
e) Prokaryote, Eukaryote, Archaea - ANSWERS -b) *Bacteria, Achaea, and Eukarya* are the three
Domains of life.
Which of the characteristics of life is not displayed by any individual organism?
a) metabolism
b) growth
c) reproduction
d) evolution
e) response
f) homeostasis - ANSWERS -d) *Evolution* is NOT a characteristic of life displayed by any individual
organism.
Viruses are considered "nonliving" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they:
a) need a host cell for replication.
b) are metabolically inert.
c) possess DNA that can evolve.
d) do not maintain internal homeostasis.
,e) are not responsive to environmental changes. - ANSWERS -c) Viruses are considered "nonliving" for
all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they *possess DNA that can evolve*.
Which is a macromolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea?
a) Archaea contain a nucleus and Bacteria do not.
b) Bacteria contain DNA and Archaea do not.
c) Bacteria contain a plasma membrane and Archaea do not.
d) Bacteria cell wall contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not.
e) Archaea contain multiple types of RNA polymerase and Bacteria has only one type. - ANSWERS -d) A
macrobolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea is that *Bacteria cell wall
contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not*.
The size and shapes of Archaean cells suggest relatedness to:
a) Bacteria
b) Prokaryotes
c) Eukaryotes
d) All other life forms
e) No other life forms; their sizes and shapes are unique - ANSWERS -a) the size and shapes of Archaean
cells suggest relatedness to *Bacteria*
Phosholipid structure in Archaean cells suggests relatedness to:
a) Bacteria
b) Prokaryotes
c) Eukaryotes
d) All other life forms
e) No other life forms; their structure is unique - ANSWERS -e) Phospholipid structure in Archaean cells
suggests relatedness to *no other life forms; their structure is unique*
, Which molecular tool most assisted in providing a more reliable way to verify the assertions made by
Woese et al in their 1990 paper on phylogeny?
a) Polymerase chain reaction
b) RNA to DNA conversion using reverse transcriptase
c) RNA sequencing
d) DNA sequencing
e) Protein sequencing - ANSWERS -a) *Polymerase chain reaction* was the molecular tool used to
provide a more reliable way to verify the assertions made by Woese et al in their 1990 paper on
phylogeny
If E. coli DNA polymerase, not Taq polymerase were used in polymerase chain reaction assays to amplify
SSUrRNA gene sequences, we would expect to see:
a) increased short fragment DNA sequences
b) decreased short fragment DNA sequences
c) the same number of short fragment DNA sequences
d) increasd long fragment DNA sequences
e) decreased long fragment DNA sequences - ANSWERS -b) if E. coli DNA polymerase were used in
polymerase chain traction assays to amplify SSUrRNA gene sequences, we would expect to see
*decreased short fragment DNA sequences*.
Figure B1.1 (other side of card) represents an artist's attempt to illustrate the process of PCR. What is
the most significant error you notice in this figure?
a) DNA strands are not fully denatured
b) Primers are not annealed
c) PCR products cannot separate from template DNA
d) Taq polymerase is not shown in the illustration
e) dNTPs are not shown in the illustration - ANSWERS -a) *DNA strands are not fully denatured*
EXAM 2024 161 QUESTIONS ALL WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+| NEWLY
UPDATED!!!!
Which of these is considered to be the smallest unit of life?
a) the nucleus
b) the mitochondrion
c) a plasmid
d) the cell
e) a prion - ANSWERS -d) The smallest unit of life is *the cell*.
The study of microbiology includes all of the following EXCEPT _____ .
a) plants
b) viruses
c) bacteria
d) fungi
e) algae - ANSWERS -a) The study of microbiology includes all of the following EXCEPT *plants*.
What percent of the dry weight of the cell is composed of DNA?
a) 2 - 5
b) 12 -15
,c) 25 - 30
d) 35 -40
e) 50 - 55 - ANSWERS -a) *2-5* % of the dry weight of the cell is composed of DNA
What are the three Domains of life?
a) Monera, Animals, and Plants
b) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
c) Prokaryote, Eukaryote, and Fungi
d) Animals, Plants, and Bacteria
e) Prokaryote, Eukaryote, Archaea - ANSWERS -b) *Bacteria, Achaea, and Eukarya* are the three
Domains of life.
Which of the characteristics of life is not displayed by any individual organism?
a) metabolism
b) growth
c) reproduction
d) evolution
e) response
f) homeostasis - ANSWERS -d) *Evolution* is NOT a characteristic of life displayed by any individual
organism.
Viruses are considered "nonliving" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they:
a) need a host cell for replication.
b) are metabolically inert.
c) possess DNA that can evolve.
d) do not maintain internal homeostasis.
,e) are not responsive to environmental changes. - ANSWERS -c) Viruses are considered "nonliving" for
all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they *possess DNA that can evolve*.
Which is a macromolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea?
a) Archaea contain a nucleus and Bacteria do not.
b) Bacteria contain DNA and Archaea do not.
c) Bacteria contain a plasma membrane and Archaea do not.
d) Bacteria cell wall contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not.
e) Archaea contain multiple types of RNA polymerase and Bacteria has only one type. - ANSWERS -d) A
macrobolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea is that *Bacteria cell wall
contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not*.
The size and shapes of Archaean cells suggest relatedness to:
a) Bacteria
b) Prokaryotes
c) Eukaryotes
d) All other life forms
e) No other life forms; their sizes and shapes are unique - ANSWERS -a) the size and shapes of Archaean
cells suggest relatedness to *Bacteria*
Phosholipid structure in Archaean cells suggests relatedness to:
a) Bacteria
b) Prokaryotes
c) Eukaryotes
d) All other life forms
e) No other life forms; their structure is unique - ANSWERS -e) Phospholipid structure in Archaean cells
suggests relatedness to *no other life forms; their structure is unique*
, Which molecular tool most assisted in providing a more reliable way to verify the assertions made by
Woese et al in their 1990 paper on phylogeny?
a) Polymerase chain reaction
b) RNA to DNA conversion using reverse transcriptase
c) RNA sequencing
d) DNA sequencing
e) Protein sequencing - ANSWERS -a) *Polymerase chain reaction* was the molecular tool used to
provide a more reliable way to verify the assertions made by Woese et al in their 1990 paper on
phylogeny
If E. coli DNA polymerase, not Taq polymerase were used in polymerase chain reaction assays to amplify
SSUrRNA gene sequences, we would expect to see:
a) increased short fragment DNA sequences
b) decreased short fragment DNA sequences
c) the same number of short fragment DNA sequences
d) increasd long fragment DNA sequences
e) decreased long fragment DNA sequences - ANSWERS -b) if E. coli DNA polymerase were used in
polymerase chain traction assays to amplify SSUrRNA gene sequences, we would expect to see
*decreased short fragment DNA sequences*.
Figure B1.1 (other side of card) represents an artist's attempt to illustrate the process of PCR. What is
the most significant error you notice in this figure?
a) DNA strands are not fully denatured
b) Primers are not annealed
c) PCR products cannot separate from template DNA
d) Taq polymerase is not shown in the illustration
e) dNTPs are not shown in the illustration - ANSWERS -a) *DNA strands are not fully denatured*
