BIOL 1410 University of Manitoba
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | 100% Pass
Explain how the structure of hemoglobin allows it to effectively transport oxygen.
✔✔ Hemoglobin has four subunits, each containing an iron atom that binds to oxygen, allowing
it to carry up to four oxygen molecules efficiently through the bloodstream.
Describe how the process of osmosis affects water movement across cell membranes.
✔✔ Osmosis moves water across cell membranes from an area of lower solute concentration to
an area of higher solute concentration, maintaining cellular balance.
What is the role of the sarcomere in muscle contraction?
✔✔ The sarcomere is the functional unit of a muscle fiber, where the sliding of actin and myosin
filaments causes the muscle to contract.
How does the body maintain a stable internal environment through negative feedback
mechanisms?
✔✔ Negative feedback mechanisms, like the regulation of body temperature, counteract changes
by triggering responses that restore conditions to a set point, maintaining homeostasis.
1
, Explain how enzymes lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.
✔✔ Enzymes lower the activation energy by stabilizing the transition state, allowing reactions to
proceed more quickly without the need for extra energy input.
What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?
✔✔ The epiglottis closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from
entering the airway, directing them instead to the esophagus.
How do synapses enable communication between neurons?
✔✔ At synapses, neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron and bind to
receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, transmitting signals across the gap.
What role do keratinocytes play in the skin's protective functions?
✔✔ Keratinocytes produce keratin, a tough, fibrous protein that forms a protective layer on the
surface of the skin, shielding it from environmental damage.
How do the kidneys maintain acid-base balance in the body?
2
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | 100% Pass
Explain how the structure of hemoglobin allows it to effectively transport oxygen.
✔✔ Hemoglobin has four subunits, each containing an iron atom that binds to oxygen, allowing
it to carry up to four oxygen molecules efficiently through the bloodstream.
Describe how the process of osmosis affects water movement across cell membranes.
✔✔ Osmosis moves water across cell membranes from an area of lower solute concentration to
an area of higher solute concentration, maintaining cellular balance.
What is the role of the sarcomere in muscle contraction?
✔✔ The sarcomere is the functional unit of a muscle fiber, where the sliding of actin and myosin
filaments causes the muscle to contract.
How does the body maintain a stable internal environment through negative feedback
mechanisms?
✔✔ Negative feedback mechanisms, like the regulation of body temperature, counteract changes
by triggering responses that restore conditions to a set point, maintaining homeostasis.
1
, Explain how enzymes lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.
✔✔ Enzymes lower the activation energy by stabilizing the transition state, allowing reactions to
proceed more quickly without the need for extra energy input.
What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?
✔✔ The epiglottis closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from
entering the airway, directing them instead to the esophagus.
How do synapses enable communication between neurons?
✔✔ At synapses, neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron and bind to
receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, transmitting signals across the gap.
What role do keratinocytes play in the skin's protective functions?
✔✔ Keratinocytes produce keratin, a tough, fibrous protein that forms a protective layer on the
surface of the skin, shielding it from environmental damage.
How do the kidneys maintain acid-base balance in the body?
2
