1 Benzene
1 Nitration
Generationofelectrophile
HNO Has E NottHao HSOI
Electrophilic substitution
N
no
Ethno at
horse shoe
intermediate
regenerationof catalyst
HSOI H H SO
Overall
HNO NO
Hao
2 Halogenation
Generationofelectrophile
AlBr Br AlBri Brt
Electrophilic substitution
Brt
Br
at
Iggy
Br
horse shoe
regenerationof catalyst
AlBrit H ALBr HBr
Overall
Br
Bra 7 T HBr
3 Friedel Crafts alkylation
Generationofelectrophile
t ALCE
Éetrophitic's'Esitt
ME 3 CH
EatCH Ht
horse shoe
intermediate
regenerationof catalyst
AICC t H ALCL HCL
Overall
Aha
CHza I CH HCL
, 4 Friedel Crafts acylation
Generationofelectrophile
Aichi
Éetointic's'Esitgot
to
gg
horse shoe
o
I
regenerationof catalyst
AICC t H ALCL HCL
Overall
CHCool Alas I I 4cL
2 Phenol
1 reaction with Br
OH OH
Br
3Br T 34Br
Br
2 Reaction with NaOH
OH o Nat
NaOH H2O
3 Dilute HN0z
OH OH
N
UNO Hao
OR OH
too
4 Concentrated H NO
OH OH
311NO É 3420
NO
5
Acyl chlorides
OH o
Ya HCL