Exam 4_ NUR 210_ NUR210 (Latest 2023_ 2024) Principles of Pharmacology Exam_ Questions and

Exam 4: NUR 210/ NUR210 (Latest 2023/ 2024)
Principles of Pharmacology Exam| Questions
and Verified Answers| Grade A| Galen


what are the systolic numbers for prehypertension? - ANSWER-120-139

what level of hypertension is associated with the systolic numbers 120-139? -
ANSWER-prehypertension

when do we start treating hypertension with medication? - ANSWER-stage 1
hypertension (>139/>89)

what are the normal BP systolic numbers? - ANSWER-<120

what are the normal BP diastolic numbers? - ANSWER-<80

what are the systolic numbers of stage 1 hypertension? - ANSWER-140-159

what are the diastolic numbers of stage 1 hypertension? - ANSWER-90-99

what are the numbers stage 1? hypertension is associated with? -
ANSWER-140-159/90-99

what are the numbers associated with stage 2 hypertension? -
ANSWER->160/>100

what stage of hypertension is associated with >160/>100? - ANSWER-stage 2
hypertension

how much longer should diastole be over systole? - ANSWER-double

what is the most common type of hypertension? - ANSWER-primary (essential)

,when is essential hypertension most common? - ANSWER->60 years old

can essential hypertension be cured? - ANSWER-no but it can be controlled

what are contributing factors to essential hypertension? - ANSWER--hyperactivity
of the sympathetic nervous system
-hyperactivity of the renin-angiontensin system
-endothelial dysfunction
-genetics
-age
-obesity
-smoking
-diabetes
-hyperlipidemia

why would hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin system contribute to essential
hypertension? - ANSWER-the renin-angiotensin system causes the reuptake of
fluids and electrolytes

why would endothelial dysfunction contribute to essential hypertension? -
ANSWER-damage to the inner layer of the cardiac system does not allow them
to dilate like should

how does obesity contribute to essential hypertension? - ANSWER-blood needs
to be pumped a farther distance

how does smoking contribute to essential hypertension? - ANSWER-smoking
causes endothelial damage

how do diabetes contribute to essential hypertension? - ANSWER-maple syrup
blood, more viscous, causes more pressure

how does hyperlipidemia contribute to essential hypertension? - ANSWER-fatty
clots in the arteries

what is secondary hypertension? - ANSWER-hypertension with an identifiable
cause

, what type of hypertension has an identifiable cause? - ANSWER-secondary

what diseases are associated with secondary hypertension? - ANSWER--renal
disease
-coronary artery disease
-toxemia of pregnancy
-drug therapy: orgal contraceptive therapy
-sleep apnea

what type of hypertension is associated with renal disease? -
ANSWER-secondary

what type of hypertension is associated with coronary artery disease? -
ANSWER-secondary

what type of hypertension is associated with toxemia of pregnancy? -
ANSWER-secondary

what type of hypertension is associated with oral contraceptive drug therapy? -
ANSWER-secondary

what type of hypertension is associated with sleep apnea? -
ANSWER-secondary

what are some possible short term effects of hypertension? - ANSWER-generally
asymptomatic, but can cause a headache or dizziness

what are long term effects of hypertension? - ANSWER--MI
-heart failure
-kidney disease
-stroke
-peripheral artery disease
-retinopathy

what is the equation for arterial blood pressure? - ANSWER-cardiac output x
peripheral resistance