NU 302 Exam 3 With Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | 100% Verified Answers

NU 302 Exam 3 With Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | 100% Verified Answers. Pender's Health Promotion Model - ANSWER Individual characteristics and experiences plus behavior specific conditions equal outcomes Hippocrates - ANSWER Greek physician who recognized that there were natural causes of diseases Thomas Sydenham - ANSWER Observed London fevers () James Lind - ANSWER Relationship of diet and disease and prevention of scurvy (vitamin C) Edward Jenner - ANSWER Smallpox vaccination Ignaz Semmelweis - ANSWER Prevent maternal deaths (hand hygiene and sanitation) John Snow - ANSWER Investigated cholera epidemic, known as father of epidemiology Florence Nightingale - ANSWER Monitored and cared for soldiers from crimean war, used statistical methods and graphs and coding system for medical condition Health Promotion - ANSWER "Health behaviors that improve well being Core Public Health Functions - ANSWER Assessment, policy development, assurance Parts of the public sector - ANSWER Local, state, national Parts of the private sector - ANSWER For- profit ( private practices, equipment companies) Non- profit (hospitals, special interest groups) Microeconomic theory - ANSWER supply & demand; allocation and distribution Macroeconomic theory - ANSWER variables that affect the economy such as production , consumption , investment, trade, employment, etc. Moral hazard - ANSWER People who insurance tend to participate in riskier behaviors NU 302 Exam 3 With Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | 100% Verified Answers Never events - ANSWER Withholding payments in healthcare; foreign objects retained from surgery, air embolism Premium - ANSWER Amount paid monthly for insurance coverage Deductible - ANSWER Amount of money paid out of pocket before insurance companies begin to pay for services Medicare A - ANSWER Hospital insurance Medicare B - ANSWER outpatient services Medicare C - ANSWER Medicare advantage plan Medicare D - ANSWER Prescription drug coverage PPO - ANSWER Preferred provider organization. Larger network can go out of network, higher premium, no referrals HMO - ANSWER Health maintenance organization. A prepaid health insurance plan in which patients receive health care from designated providers What is epidemiology? - ANSWER Study of casual mechanisms of diseases and methods for disease control Epidemiology triad - ANSWER Host, environment, agent chain of causation - ANSWER Reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, agent, portal of entry, host Web of causation - ANSWER Multiple factors may contribute to illness, consider multiple causes of heart disease, infant mortality and automobile crashes Immunity - ANSWER Host's ability to resist a particular infectious disease causing agent Passive immunity - ANSWER Short term resistance such as transfer of antibiotics from mother to baby Active immunity - ANSWER Long term; may be long and may be natural or artificial Cross immunity - ANSWER May be passive or active Herd immunity - ANSWER Level of immunity to a group of people Relative risk ratio - ANSWER Incidence in exposed group over incidence in unexposed group Susceptibility - ANSWER lack of resistance to a disease Subclinical - ANSWER Exposed without showing symptoms, important to take precautions to prevent spread Incidence - ANSWER Number of new cases of a specific disease or condition during a period of time Prevalence - ANSWER All active cause of disease or condition at a given point in time Direct transmission - ANSWER Occurs by immediate transfer of infectious agents from a reservoir to a new host Contact transmission - ANSWER Sexual, skin to skin, bites, STD. Gown and gloves needed Indirect transmission - ANSWER Occurs when the infectious agent is transported within contaminated inanimate materials such as air, water, or food Droplet transmission - ANSWER Large, short range aerosols from sneezing, coughing, talking ex. Flu and RSV. Mask needed Air transmission - ANSWER Carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air ex: TB, COVID. N-95 and negative air pressure room needed Vector transmission - ANSWER Occurs when the infectious agent is carried by a vector (nonhuman carrier such as animal or insect)