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Question 1
1. Name TWO philosophers who were associated with Phenomenology.
Edmund Husserl
Martin Heidegger
(Chapter 4 - Page 55)
Question 2
2. Identify FIVE characteristics of Phenomenology.
Five characteristics of Phenomenology are:
Phenomenology is concerned with the human condition and seeks to describe what is
essentially human.
Phenomenology rejects abstract theories about education and instead focuses on what really
happens in the classroom and between the teacher and the child.
Phenomenology emphasizes the sense of wonder in discovering new worlds and encourages
exploration of new worlds.
Phenomenology invites us to put our assumptions and beliefs to one side and to consciously
experience reality in order to discover our true selves.
Phenomenology can be divided into three categories: Phenomenology of the Self, Social
Phenomenology, and Cosmic Phenomenology.
(Chapter 4 - Page 54)
Question 3
3. Name THREE educators who are associated with Phenomenology.
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Max van Manen
Shaun Gallagher
(Chapter 4 - Page 57-58-59)
Question 4
4. How does Phenomenology respond to formal education systems?
Phenomenology is deeply concerned about the impact of formal, prescriptive education systems on
young children. Phenomenology states that any real education, to be worthy of the name ‘education’,
must pay far more attention to human values (eg dignity, creativity and authenticity).