NR503 Epidemiology Final, NR 503 Epi Final, NR 503 Epi Midterm Updated Questions and Answers (2024)

Common risk factors - unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use Childhood risk - conditions before birth and early in childhood influence health in adult life. Risk accumulation - Ageing is an important marker of the accumulation of modifiable risks for chronic disease Underlying determinants - a reflection of the major forces driving social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization, population ageing, and general policy environment Poverty - interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious circle increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to health services Primary prevention - aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations Secondary prevention - reduce impact of disease or injury that has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified work Tertiary prevention - aims to soften impact of ongoing illness. I.e. cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) - materials to improve cultural competency among health providers to provide healthcare interventions and other cultural variants Marginalization - Major cause of vulnerability referring to exposure to a range of possible harms