Micro Practice Test 3-2|40 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

Micro Practice Test 3-2|40 Questions with Verified Answers 1. A gene in a living organism is best defined as a. Three nucleotides that code for an amino acid. b. A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product. c. A sequence of nucleotides in RNA that codes for a functional product. d. A transcribed unit of DNA. e. A transcribed unit of RNA. - CORRECT ANSWER b) a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product 2. DNA is constructed of a. A single strand of nucleotides with internal hydrogen bonding. b. Nucleotides bonded A-C and G-T. c. Two strands of nucleotides running antiparallel. d. Two strands of identical nucleotides with hydrogen bonds between them. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER c) two strands of nucleotides running antiparallel 3. Which of the following is not a product of transcription? a. Single strand of DNA b. rRNA c. tRNA d. mRNA e. all of the above are products of transcription. - CORRECT ANSWER a) single strand of DNA 4. Thymine dimers can be caused by a. Caffeine. b. Ultraviolet radiation. c. Ionizing radiation. d. All of the above. e. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER b) ultraviolet radiation 5. The Genetic Code is made up of bases in a. rRNA. b. tRNA. c. mRNA. d. Amino acids. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER c) mRNA 6. DNA directly participates in a. Replication and transcription. b. Transcription and translation. c. Replication and translation. d. Replication, transcription and translation. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER a) replication and transcription 7. Genetics and metabolism are tied together by the fact that a. The genes code for phenotypic characteristics that result in proteins being produced. b. The genes code for enzymes that catalyze reactions that result in characteristics. c. The proteins code for genes that result in enzymes that catalyze reactions. d. The enzymes catalyze reactions that produce proteins. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) the genes code for enzymes that catalyze reactions that result in characteristics 8. A silent mutation is a. Always a change in base sequence and sometimes a change in amino acid sequence. b. Always a change in base sequence and always a change in amino acid sequence. c. Sometimes a change in base sequence and always a change in amino acid sequence. d. Sometimes a change in base sequence and sometimes a change in amino acid sequence. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER a) always a change in base sequence and sometimes a change in amino acid sequence 9. Smoking cigarettes has been shown to be responsible for all of the following EXCEPT a. Many types of cancer. b. Heart disease. c. Lung disease . d. Erectile dysfunction. e. Smoking cigarettes has been shown to be responsible for all of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER e) smoking cigarettes has been shown to be responsible for all of the above 10. A key discovery that contributed to the development of genetic engineering was a. DNA replication enzymes. b. Restriction enzymes. c. RNA polymerase. d. Dark repair. e. Light repair. - CORRECT ANSWER b) restriction enzymes 11. Genetic engineering very often uses what to move hybrid plasmids into cells? a. RNA replication. b. DNA translation. c. Transformation. d. Induction. e. Promotion. - CORRECT ANSWER c) transformation 12. Which statement is correct? a. Cigarette smoke contains chemical mutagenic agents while ultraviolet radiation is a physical mutagenic agent. b. Ultraviolet radiation is a chemical mutagenic agent while cigarette smoke contains physical mutagenic agents. c. Cigarette smoke and ultraviolet radiation are chemical mutagenic agents. d. Cigarette smoke and ultraviolet radiation are physical mutagenic agents. e. Cigarette smoke and ultraviolet radiation do NOT lead to mutations. - CORRECT ANSWER a) cigarette smoke contains chemical mutagenic 13. Restriction enzymes are important because they a. Function in protein synthesis. b. Generate overlapping sticky ends on DNA. c. Cause cells to become competent for transformation. d. Are responsible for conjugation. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) generate overlapping sticky ends on DNA 14. Genetic modification procedures can be used to a. Clone genes for pest resistance. b. Produce human growth hormone. c. Clone genes for toxic waste clean up. d. All of the above. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER d) all of the above 15. An autoclave utilizes a. Dry heat under pressure. b. Ionizing radiation. c. Ultraviolet radiation. d. Moist heat under pressure. e. Membrane filtration. - CORRECT ANSWER d) moist heat under pressure 16. Membrane filtration a. Does not remove viruses or endospores. b. Is a method of sterilization. c. Can be used on gases, liquids and solids. d. All of the above. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) is a method of sterilization 17. Lyophilization a. Is a method of sterilization. b. Is a method of preservation. c. Uses high temperature and desiccation. d. All of the above. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) is a method of preservation 18. A common method for sterilizing laboratory glassware is a. Dry heat (oven). b. Boiling water. c. Desiccation. d. Ionizing radiation. e. Freezing. - CORRECT ANSWER a) dry heat oven 19. Adding salt to ham or sugar to canned fruit is an example of what type of control? a. Filtration. b. Osmotic pressure. c. Desiccation. d. Lyophilzation. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) osmotic pressure 20. The major effect of using ionizing radiation on living organism is a. The production of hydroxyl radicals from the water. b. The production of thymine dimers. c. Desiccation of the cells. d. Forcing water into the cells. e. Forcing water out of the cells. - CORRECT ANSWER a) the production of hydroxyl radicals from the water 21. Which is not a method of sterilization? a. Ultraviolet radiation. b. Ionizing radiation. c. Incineration. d. Carboxide. e. All of the above are methods of sterilization. - CORRECT ANSWER a) ultraviolet radiation 22. Factors that normally affect disinfection include a. Temperature, concentration, virus virulence, time. b. Time, temperature, concentration, surrounding medium. c. Concentration, bacterial virulence, surrounding medium. d. Bacterial and viral virulence, surrounding medium. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) time, temperature, concentration, surrounding medium 23. One of the best disinfectants to use for a biological spill is a. Bleach. b. Hydrogen peroxide. c. Ethylene oxide. d. Concentrated sulfuric acid. e. Powdered silver. - CORRECT ANSWER a) bleach 24. If you were asked to sterilize a heat-sensitive item (and not cause damage to the item), which of the following would be most suitable? a. Autoclave b. Pasteurization c. Ethylene oxide (carboxide) d. Ethyl alcohol e. Oven - CORRECT ANSWER c) ethylene oxide (carboxide) 25. Which of the following is FALSE? a. Pasteurization is not a sterilization method. b. Ionizing radiation is useful for sterilizing food and pharmaceuticals. c. Isopropyl alcohol is used to sterilize the skin. d. Autoclaving is an effective means of sterilization. e. Hydrogen peroxide is a mild antiseptic. - CORRECT ANSWER c) isopropyl alcohol is used to sterilize the skin 26. The difference between an antiseptic and a disinfectant is a. There is no difference. b. Disinfectants are used to sterilize while antiseptics are not. c. Antiseptics are used to sterilize while disinfectants are not. d. Antiseptics are normally used on the skin. e. Disinfectants are normally used on the skin. - CORRECT ANSWER d) antiseptics are normally used on the skin 27. A chemical that would be used to inhibit, but not necessarily kill fungi, would be called a. Fungistatic. b. Fungiseptic. c. Fungicidal. d. Fungitizer. e. All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER a) fungistatic 28. An example of a mild antiseptic is a. Formaldehyde. b. Phenol. c. Cresol. d. Ethylene oxide. e. Hydrogen peroxide. - CORRECT ANSWER e) hydrogen peroxide 29. The primary targets in a cell for disinfectant action are a. Cell wall and cell membrane. b. Cell membrane and cellular proteins. c. Cellular proteins and capsules. d. Capsules and cell wall. e. Cell wall, cell membrane, cellular proteins and capsules. - CORRECT ANSWER b) cell membrane and cellular proteins 30. Antimicrobial agents a. Should be low in toxicity to the host and the disease-causing organism. b. Must be antibiotics by definition. c. Hopefully do not result in the disease-causing organism becoming resistant. d. Must be chemically-synthesized chemotherapeutic agents by definition. e. Are never specific for the category of microorganism that they affect. - CORRECT ANSWER c) hopefully do not result in the disease causing organism becoming resistant 31. Ciprofloxacin, the drug of choice for anthrax, inhibits the synthesis of a. Cell walls. b. Cell membranes. c. Proteins. d. RNA. e. DNA. - CORRECT ANSWER e) DNA 32. The presence of non-multiplying bacteria in the blood is a. Bacteremia. b. Septicemia. c. Bactolysin. d. Bacteriophage. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER a) bacteremia 33. Tuberculosis and leprosy are usually examples of a. Acute infection. b. Chronic infection. c. Inapparent infection. d. Nosocomial infection. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b) chronic infection 34. Examples of a pandemic include a. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and AIDS. b. Tularemia and AIDS. c. Tularemia and swine flu. d. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and tularemia. e. AIDS and swine flu. - CORRECT ANSWER e) AIDS and swine flu 35. Invasive mechanisms of bacteria include a. Capsules, fimbriae, exotoxins and endotoxins. b. Fimbriae, exotoxins, endotoxins and enzymes. c. Exotoxins, endotoxins, enzymes and capsules. d. Capsules, enzymes, fimbriae and exotoxins. e. Exotoxins, endotoxins, fimbriae, enzymes and capsules. - CORRECT ANSWER d) capsules, enzymes, fimbriae, and exotoxins 36. Swine flu virus can enter and leave the body by means of a. Respiratory route. b. Skin and mucous membranes. c. Genitourinary tract. d. All of the above. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER a) respiratory route 37. So far the swine flu has been a relatively mild disease in those without health issues. This is due to its a. Portal of entrance. b. Virulence. c. Ability to flourish outside of the body. d. Vector. e. Number of pathogens. - CORRECT ANSWER b) virulence 38. The term that is used for a hospital-acquired infection is a. Inapparent infection. b. Contamination. c. Nosocomial infection. d. Pathogenicity. e. Endemic. - CORRECT ANSWER c) nosocomial infection 39. When disease symptoms develop rapidly, typically with a high fever, the person has a. An inapparent infection. b. A chronic infection. c. An acute infection. d. Convalescence. e. None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER c) an acute infection 40. E. coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the organism that causes gonorrhea) use what to stick to the lining of the genitourinary tract? a. Streptococcal capsule b. Fimbriae c. Exotoxin d. Enzyme e. Endotoxin - CORRECT ANSWER b) fimbriae