Theory and methods Topic 5
Outline and explain two functionalist concepts (10 marks)
Evaluate the claim that functionalism understates both the extent of conflict in society and
the ability of social actors to create society through interaction. (20 marks)
Teaser:
Outline and explain two functionalist concepts (10 marks)
Some sociologists argue that the functionalist theory is a true emphasis of how society
operates. On the other hand, it is also argued that functionalism downplays the conflict that
arises in society as well as being ignorant to the idea humans are not passive puppets to the
social system.
Para 1
Functionalist would argue they reveal a genuine picture of society rather than understate
conflict in society. Functionalists believe in a consensus theory; It sees society as based on
agreement among people about values goals and rules in society.
For example, Parson believes the nuclear family performs the function of primary
socialisation which allows members to conform to the rules of wider society and be aware of
what is socially acceptable. Murray argues there is a growing ‘rabble’ who fail to socialise
their children adequately (matrifocal households with no father figure) proving that they
understate the spontaneous actions of individuals who do not conform to societal norms.
Functionalists ultimately believe that society is based on Parsons two mechanisms being
socialisation and social control. Those who at the hardest make it to the top and ensuring
jobs are filled by those most capable and therefore gaining positive sanctions. Those who do
not work hard will stay at the bottom of the hierarchy and carry out more menial but equally
essential jobs. From this we can infer functionalists recognise the conflict in society by
implementing punishments or possible threats to those who do not conform. This can be
seen from China’s one child policy to the death penalty in America.
Para 2
…
Outline and explain two functionalist concepts (10 marks)
Evaluate the claim that functionalism understates both the extent of conflict in society and
the ability of social actors to create society through interaction. (20 marks)
Teaser:
Outline and explain two functionalist concepts (10 marks)
Some sociologists argue that the functionalist theory is a true emphasis of how society
operates. On the other hand, it is also argued that functionalism downplays the conflict that
arises in society as well as being ignorant to the idea humans are not passive puppets to the
social system.
Para 1
Functionalist would argue they reveal a genuine picture of society rather than understate
conflict in society. Functionalists believe in a consensus theory; It sees society as based on
agreement among people about values goals and rules in society.
For example, Parson believes the nuclear family performs the function of primary
socialisation which allows members to conform to the rules of wider society and be aware of
what is socially acceptable. Murray argues there is a growing ‘rabble’ who fail to socialise
their children adequately (matrifocal households with no father figure) proving that they
understate the spontaneous actions of individuals who do not conform to societal norms.
Functionalists ultimately believe that society is based on Parsons two mechanisms being
socialisation and social control. Those who at the hardest make it to the top and ensuring
jobs are filled by those most capable and therefore gaining positive sanctions. Those who do
not work hard will stay at the bottom of the hierarchy and carry out more menial but equally
essential jobs. From this we can infer functionalists recognise the conflict in society by
implementing punishments or possible threats to those who do not conform. This can be
seen from China’s one child policy to the death penalty in America.
Para 2
…
