NUR 445 MED SURG FINAL EXAM 120
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS A
SCORE ALREADY 2026-2027 UPDATE.
What are treatments for appendicitis? - ANSWER-fluids, antibiotics, drain for
abscess, appendectomy
How do we care for a patient in sickle cell crisis? - ANSWER-antibiotics, pain
meds, IV fluids, blood transfusions if needed
What does a superficial (1st degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-erythema,
pain, and minimal edema
What does a superficial partial-thickness (2nd degree) burn look like? -
ANSWER-erythema, brisk capillary refill, blisters, moderate edema, painful
,What does a deep partial-thickness burn (2nd to 3rd degree) look like? -
ANSWER-erythematous or pale, sluggish or absent capillary refill, significant
edema
What does a full-thickness (3rd degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-dry,
leathery, white, absent cap refill
What does a subdermal (4th degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-charred, dry
appearance
What is the treatment for myoglobinuria? - ANSWER-IV fluids with sodium
bicarbonate to alkalize the urine
What medication is used to decrease ICP? - ANSWER-Mannitol
,-osmotic diuretic
-reduces ICP by inducing diuresis (creates an osmotic gradient across the
blood-brain barrier [BBB] and increased serum osmolality -> pulls fluid out of
brain cells and shifts it into the intravascular compartment)
What medication would you plan on administering to a patient who is
experiencing bradycardia or heart block? - ANSWER-Atropine
-administer over 1 minute
-therapeutic effect desired = increased HR
-rapid administration may be used during cardiac resuscitation (follow with
20 mL saline flush)
A patient suffering from a hypertensive crisis enters the ED. What medication
is used to treat this emergent situation? - ANSWER-Nitroprusside
-arteriole vasodilator
, -rapidly lowers BP
-decreases preload and afterload
What is clonidine used for? - ANSWER-lowering of BP
Nitroprusside is the preferred agent if BP needs to be lowered quickly
What medication prevents the absorption of ammonia from the GI tract in
order to treat hepatic encephalopathy? - ANSWER-Lactulose
-expect more frequent bowel movements
-should see clearing of confusion, apathy, and irritation and improved mental
status (24-48 hours after oral administration)
Under what condition would you administer tPA? - ANSWER-patient that is
suffering from an ischemic stroke
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS A
SCORE ALREADY 2026-2027 UPDATE.
What are treatments for appendicitis? - ANSWER-fluids, antibiotics, drain for
abscess, appendectomy
How do we care for a patient in sickle cell crisis? - ANSWER-antibiotics, pain
meds, IV fluids, blood transfusions if needed
What does a superficial (1st degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-erythema,
pain, and minimal edema
What does a superficial partial-thickness (2nd degree) burn look like? -
ANSWER-erythema, brisk capillary refill, blisters, moderate edema, painful
,What does a deep partial-thickness burn (2nd to 3rd degree) look like? -
ANSWER-erythematous or pale, sluggish or absent capillary refill, significant
edema
What does a full-thickness (3rd degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-dry,
leathery, white, absent cap refill
What does a subdermal (4th degree) burn look like? - ANSWER-charred, dry
appearance
What is the treatment for myoglobinuria? - ANSWER-IV fluids with sodium
bicarbonate to alkalize the urine
What medication is used to decrease ICP? - ANSWER-Mannitol
,-osmotic diuretic
-reduces ICP by inducing diuresis (creates an osmotic gradient across the
blood-brain barrier [BBB] and increased serum osmolality -> pulls fluid out of
brain cells and shifts it into the intravascular compartment)
What medication would you plan on administering to a patient who is
experiencing bradycardia or heart block? - ANSWER-Atropine
-administer over 1 minute
-therapeutic effect desired = increased HR
-rapid administration may be used during cardiac resuscitation (follow with
20 mL saline flush)
A patient suffering from a hypertensive crisis enters the ED. What medication
is used to treat this emergent situation? - ANSWER-Nitroprusside
-arteriole vasodilator
, -rapidly lowers BP
-decreases preload and afterload
What is clonidine used for? - ANSWER-lowering of BP
Nitroprusside is the preferred agent if BP needs to be lowered quickly
What medication prevents the absorption of ammonia from the GI tract in
order to treat hepatic encephalopathy? - ANSWER-Lactulose
-expect more frequent bowel movements
-should see clearing of confusion, apathy, and irritation and improved mental
status (24-48 hours after oral administration)
Under what condition would you administer tPA? - ANSWER-patient that is
suffering from an ischemic stroke
