HESI PN OBSTETRICS/MATERNITY
PRACTICE EXAM, PEDIATRICS HESI
PN REVIEW, HESI PEDS, PN HESI
PEDS, PEDS & MATERNITY HESI, HESI
MATERNITY/PEDIATRIC
REMEDIATION
Which education would the nurse provide the parents of a preschool-
aged child with leukemia who is undergoing chemotherapy and is
susceptible to rectal ulcerations?
A. Encourage lying on the abdomen when in bed
B. Have the child wear cotton underpants at night
C. Apply rectal ointment liberally 4 times a day
D. Clean the child's perianal area after each bowel movement -
ANSWERS-Clean the child's perianal area after each bowel
movement
Meticulous toilet hygiene, including cleaning the child's perianal area
after each bowel movement, is essential to prevent infection and
promote comfort. Changing positions in bed is preferable to only
lying on the abdomen. Underpants keep the area moist and promote
bacterial growth; it is preferable to leave the area exposed to air, even
if it remains under bed linens. Ointments tend to occlude and trap
organisms, thus promoting infection.
,Which symptoms would the nurse expect in a 3-year-old with mild
iron-deficiency anemia and fatigue?
A. Cold, clammy skin
B. Increased pulse rate
C. Increased BP
D. Cyanosis of the nail beds - ANSWERS-Increased pulse rate
Increased pulse rate (tachycardia) occurs as the body tries to
compensate for the hypoxia resulting from mild iron-deficiency
anemia. Severe anemia, however, can manifest as pale, cool, and
clammy skin. Increased blood pressure is not a response associated
with anemia. Cyanosis of the nail beds is a sign of carbon monoxide
poisoning.
Which provider prescription would the nurse question for a young
child with a tentative diagnosis of Wilms tumor?
A. Renal biopsy
B. Abdominal ultrasound
C. Computed tomography scan (CT)
D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ANSWERS-Renal biopsy
A renal biopsy is an invasive procedure. In the early stages, Wilms
tumor is encapsulated. Any disruption of the tumor capsule may
precipitate metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed
,tomography, and abdominal ultrasound are all helpful in making the
diagnosis.
Wilms tumor - ANSWERS-a rare type of malignant tumor of the
kidney that occurs in young children
Which education would the nurse provide the parent's of a 4-year-old
child with a new colostomy?
A. Restricting fluid intake
B. Instituting dietary restrictions
C. Encouraging physical activity
D. Inspecting the stoma once a day - ANSWERS-Encouraging
physical activity
Contact games may be restricted, but other physical activities should
be encouraged. The stoma should be inspected more often than once
daily to ensure adequate circulation. Increased fluid intake is needed
to compensate for fecal fluid loss. The diet should not be restricted at
the time of discharge. Both the parents and the child will learn which
foods are poorly tolerated, and they will adjust the diet accordingly.
Which assessment findings would the nurse recognize as possibly
indicating a diet that is deficient in vitamin C in a preschool-aged
client?
A. headaches
, B. rashes
C. Bleeding gums
D. Muscle weakness
E. Scaling of the skin - ANSWERS-Rashes and bleeding gums
headaches and scaling of the skin: Vitamin A deficiency
Muscle weakness: Vitamin D
Which cognitive development milestone is characteristic of a 4-year-
old?
A. Inductive reasoning
B. Concrete operational thoughts
C. Intuitive thought
D. Conservation - ANSWERS-Intuitive thought
Preschool: preoperational stage of cognitive development, substage of
intuitive thought at age 4 (asking a lot of questions)
School aged children: Operational stage (Inductive logic, concrete
operational thoughts and conservation)
Which parental statement would the nurse recognize as a concern?
PRACTICE EXAM, PEDIATRICS HESI
PN REVIEW, HESI PEDS, PN HESI
PEDS, PEDS & MATERNITY HESI, HESI
MATERNITY/PEDIATRIC
REMEDIATION
Which education would the nurse provide the parents of a preschool-
aged child with leukemia who is undergoing chemotherapy and is
susceptible to rectal ulcerations?
A. Encourage lying on the abdomen when in bed
B. Have the child wear cotton underpants at night
C. Apply rectal ointment liberally 4 times a day
D. Clean the child's perianal area after each bowel movement -
ANSWERS-Clean the child's perianal area after each bowel
movement
Meticulous toilet hygiene, including cleaning the child's perianal area
after each bowel movement, is essential to prevent infection and
promote comfort. Changing positions in bed is preferable to only
lying on the abdomen. Underpants keep the area moist and promote
bacterial growth; it is preferable to leave the area exposed to air, even
if it remains under bed linens. Ointments tend to occlude and trap
organisms, thus promoting infection.
,Which symptoms would the nurse expect in a 3-year-old with mild
iron-deficiency anemia and fatigue?
A. Cold, clammy skin
B. Increased pulse rate
C. Increased BP
D. Cyanosis of the nail beds - ANSWERS-Increased pulse rate
Increased pulse rate (tachycardia) occurs as the body tries to
compensate for the hypoxia resulting from mild iron-deficiency
anemia. Severe anemia, however, can manifest as pale, cool, and
clammy skin. Increased blood pressure is not a response associated
with anemia. Cyanosis of the nail beds is a sign of carbon monoxide
poisoning.
Which provider prescription would the nurse question for a young
child with a tentative diagnosis of Wilms tumor?
A. Renal biopsy
B. Abdominal ultrasound
C. Computed tomography scan (CT)
D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ANSWERS-Renal biopsy
A renal biopsy is an invasive procedure. In the early stages, Wilms
tumor is encapsulated. Any disruption of the tumor capsule may
precipitate metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed
,tomography, and abdominal ultrasound are all helpful in making the
diagnosis.
Wilms tumor - ANSWERS-a rare type of malignant tumor of the
kidney that occurs in young children
Which education would the nurse provide the parent's of a 4-year-old
child with a new colostomy?
A. Restricting fluid intake
B. Instituting dietary restrictions
C. Encouraging physical activity
D. Inspecting the stoma once a day - ANSWERS-Encouraging
physical activity
Contact games may be restricted, but other physical activities should
be encouraged. The stoma should be inspected more often than once
daily to ensure adequate circulation. Increased fluid intake is needed
to compensate for fecal fluid loss. The diet should not be restricted at
the time of discharge. Both the parents and the child will learn which
foods are poorly tolerated, and they will adjust the diet accordingly.
Which assessment findings would the nurse recognize as possibly
indicating a diet that is deficient in vitamin C in a preschool-aged
client?
A. headaches
, B. rashes
C. Bleeding gums
D. Muscle weakness
E. Scaling of the skin - ANSWERS-Rashes and bleeding gums
headaches and scaling of the skin: Vitamin A deficiency
Muscle weakness: Vitamin D
Which cognitive development milestone is characteristic of a 4-year-
old?
A. Inductive reasoning
B. Concrete operational thoughts
C. Intuitive thought
D. Conservation - ANSWERS-Intuitive thought
Preschool: preoperational stage of cognitive development, substage of
intuitive thought at age 4 (asking a lot of questions)
School aged children: Operational stage (Inductive logic, concrete
operational thoughts and conservation)
Which parental statement would the nurse recognize as a concern?
