,Chapter 02 : Introduction to the Human Body Multipl
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e Choice
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1. Which of the following definitions describes the scientific study of human anatomy?
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a. The study of the body’s metabolic functions.
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b. The study of the body’s structures.
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c. The study of body’s chemical processes.
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d. The study of the body’s molecular processes.
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e. The study of the body’s evolution.
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ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.1 - Define the terms anatomy and physiology.
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2. What two approaches do anatomists use to study the body’s structures?
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a. regional and systemic df df
b. global and detailed df df
c. holistic and microscopic df df
d. internal and external df df
e. active and passive df df
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of An WaWtoWm.yTaBnS
dM .yWsSi ology
Ph df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and
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physiology.
3. Which of the following describes the study of regional anatomy?
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a. The skin and its functions.
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b. The interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region.
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c. Human evolution by regions of the world.
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d. The specific functions of an organ.
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e. Chemical changes in the human body. df df df df df
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - df df df
Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and physiolog df df df df df df df df df df df
y.
4. Which of the following describes the study of systemic anatomy?
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a. The operation of body functions.
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b. The sequence of chemical reactions in the body.
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c. The structures that make up a discrete body system.
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d. The evolution of the human body.
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e. The changes in the body over time.
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ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
,REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - df df df
Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and physiolog df df df df df df df df df df df
y.
5. What is phosphorylation?
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a. The most common form of molecular regulation in animal cells –
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the addition of a phosphate group to specific molecules.
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b. The ingestion and absorption of excessive phosphorus from the environment.
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c. The production of excessive amounts of phosphorus by the body.
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d. The conversion of phosphorus through a series of reactions in the environment.
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e. The removal of phosphorus from our bodies.
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ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.2 Structure and Function df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.2.1 - Describe, compare, and contrast various structure-
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function relationships from molecular to organ level. df df df df df df
6. Early humans evolved a restructured pelvis to accommodate for what specific function?
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a. increased intelligence df
b. bipedalism
c. childbirth
d. self defense df
e. sense of smell and taste df df df df
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.2 Structure and Function df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.2.2 - Relate the commonly found branching structure to function of an organ.
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7. How is human evolution defined?
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a. The impact of the earth’s climate on human development.
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b. Changes in human intelligence over time. df df df df df
c. The development of cognitive and motor skills over time.
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d. A change in gene expression that occurs from generation to generation.
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e. The ability to adapt to constantly changing environments.
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ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.1 - Define the term and explain the concept of evolution.
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8. Why does the body require UV radiation from sunlight?
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a. To control the spread of bacteria.
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b. To improve skin tone and quality.
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c. For the production of proteins.
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d. To control blood flow.
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e. For the synthesis of vitamin D.
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ANSWER: e
, DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.2 - df df df
Contrast the impact of selection on traits that affect reproduction and traits that do no df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
t; use this to explain examples of anatomical and physiological variation. df df df df df df df df df df
9. UV radiation from sunlight is harmful to folate (folic acid) structure, a vitamin. What is a reason folate is essential?
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a. It is essential for skin cell growth and development.
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b. It is essential for single cell growth and muscular strength.
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c. It aids in sperm production and embryonic development.
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d. It is important for eye sight and night vision.
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e. It is involved with digestion.
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ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.2 - df df df
Contrast the impact of selection on traits that affect reproduction and traits that do no df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
t; use this to explain examples of anatomical and physiological variation. df df df df df df df df df df
10. What are the three types of gradients that drive flow in a physiological context?
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a. high, medium, and low gradients
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b. elevated, standard, and reduced gradients df df df df
c. organic, inorganic, and chemical gradients
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d. concentration, electrical, and pressure gradients df df df df
e. kinetic, dynamic, and static gradients
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ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.4 Flow df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.4.1 - df df df
Describe how a gradient determines flow between two regions, and give examples df df df df df df df df df df df df
of gradients that exist in different levels of organization in the body. df df df df df df df df df df df df
11. What type of gradient drives the flow of fluids and gases?
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a. concentration gradients df
b. electrical gradients df
c. pressure gradients df
d. organic gradients df
e. gravitational gradients df
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.4 Flow df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.4.2 - Predict how changes in a gradient will affect flow rate.
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12. Which of the following variables provides resistance to flow rate in liquids and gases?
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a. diameter and length of the tube df df df df df
b. speed of the molecules df df df
c. size of the molecules
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d. temperature of the environment df df df
e. viscosity of the medium df df df
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e Choice
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1. Which of the following definitions describes the scientific study of human anatomy?
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a. The study of the body’s metabolic functions.
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b. The study of the body’s structures.
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c. The study of body’s chemical processes.
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d. The study of the body’s molecular processes.
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e. The study of the body’s evolution.
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ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.1 - Define the terms anatomy and physiology.
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2. What two approaches do anatomists use to study the body’s structures?
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a. regional and systemic df df
b. global and detailed df df
c. holistic and microscopic df df
d. internal and external df df
e. active and passive df df
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of An WaWtoWm.yTaBnS
dM .yWsSi ology
Ph df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and
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physiology.
3. Which of the following describes the study of regional anatomy?
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a. The skin and its functions.
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b. The interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region.
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c. Human evolution by regions of the world.
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d. The specific functions of an organ.
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e. Chemical changes in the human body. df df df df df
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - df df df
Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and physiolog df df df df df df df df df df df
y.
4. Which of the following describes the study of systemic anatomy?
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a. The operation of body functions.
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b. The sequence of chemical reactions in the body.
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c. The structures that make up a discrete body system.
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d. The evolution of the human body.
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e. The changes in the body over time.
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ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
,REFERENCES: 2.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology df df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.1.2 - df df df
Give specific examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and physiolog df df df df df df df df df df df
y.
5. What is phosphorylation?
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a. The most common form of molecular regulation in animal cells –
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the addition of a phosphate group to specific molecules.
df df df df df df df df df
b. The ingestion and absorption of excessive phosphorus from the environment.
df df df df df df df df df
c. The production of excessive amounts of phosphorus by the body.
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d. The conversion of phosphorus through a series of reactions in the environment.
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e. The removal of phosphorus from our bodies.
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ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.2 Structure and Function df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.2.1 - Describe, compare, and contrast various structure-
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function relationships from molecular to organ level. df df df df df df
6. Early humans evolved a restructured pelvis to accommodate for what specific function?
df df df df df df df df df df df
a. increased intelligence df
b. bipedalism
c. childbirth
d. self defense df
e. sense of smell and taste df df df df
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.2 Structure and Function df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.2.2 - Relate the commonly found branching structure to function of an organ.
df d f df df df df df df df df df df df df
7. How is human evolution defined?
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a. The impact of the earth’s climate on human development.
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b. Changes in human intelligence over time. df df df df df
c. The development of cognitive and motor skills over time.
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d. A change in gene expression that occurs from generation to generation.
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e. The ability to adapt to constantly changing environments.
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ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.1 - Define the term and explain the concept of evolution.
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8. Why does the body require UV radiation from sunlight?
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a. To control the spread of bacteria.
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b. To improve skin tone and quality.
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c. For the production of proteins.
df df df df
d. To control blood flow.
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e. For the synthesis of vitamin D.
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ANSWER: e
, DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.2 - df df df
Contrast the impact of selection on traits that affect reproduction and traits that do no df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
t; use this to explain examples of anatomical and physiological variation. df df df df df df df df df df
9. UV radiation from sunlight is harmful to folate (folic acid) structure, a vitamin. What is a reason folate is essential?
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a. It is essential for skin cell growth and development.
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b. It is essential for single cell growth and muscular strength.
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c. It aids in sperm production and embryonic development.
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d. It is important for eye sight and night vision.
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e. It is involved with digestion.
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ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.3 Evolution and Human Variation df df df df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.3.2 - df df df
Contrast the impact of selection on traits that affect reproduction and traits that do no df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
t; use this to explain examples of anatomical and physiological variation. df df df df df df df df df df
10. What are the three types of gradients that drive flow in a physiological context?
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a. high, medium, and low gradients
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b. elevated, standard, and reduced gradients df df df df
c. organic, inorganic, and chemical gradients
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d. concentration, electrical, and pressure gradients df df df df
e. kinetic, dynamic, and static gradients
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ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.4 Flow df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.4.1 - df df df
Describe how a gradient determines flow between two regions, and give examples df df df df df df df df df df df df
of gradients that exist in different levels of organization in the body. df df df df df df df df df df df df
11. What type of gradient drives the flow of fluids and gases?
df df df df df df df df df df
a. concentration gradients df
b. electrical gradients df
c. pressure gradients df
d. organic gradients df
e. gravitational gradients df
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms: Remember df
REFERENCES: 2.4 Flow df
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 2.4.2 - Predict how changes in a gradient will affect flow rate.
df d f df df df df df df df df df df df
12. Which of the following variables provides resistance to flow rate in liquids and gases?
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a. diameter and length of the tube df df df df df
b. speed of the molecules df df df
c. size of the molecules
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d. temperature of the environment df df df
e. viscosity of the medium df df df
