WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology for the
Advance Practice Nurse master set (2025–2026) –
Complete OA Exam Questions and Verified Answers
Introduction:
This document contains the full set of verified exam questions and
correct answers for the WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology OA
Exam for the 2025–2026 academic year. It comprehensively covers
all major systems and topics in advanced pathophysiology, including
cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, endocrine, hematologic,
neurologic, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders. Each
question is paired with the accurate answer and concise explanation,
providing a complete study guide for exam preparation. Ideal for
WGU nursing students and advanced practice nurse candidates.
Exam Questions and Answers
What is the majority of AUB( abnormal uterine bleeding) due to?
and what is the first-line treatment --- correct answer ---lack of
ovulation and NSAIDS
symptoms of a urethral stricture --- correct answer ---UTI like
symptoms, diminished force and caliber of the urinary stream,
double urine stream
What is Paraphimosis --- correct answer ---foreskin is retracted
and can't be moved forward to cover the glans.
,Can constrict blood flow * surgery must be performed to prevent
necrosis.
Torsion of testes --- correct answer ---may not have high riding
because of spermatic cord twisted
What are the main causes of PID --- correct answer ---chlamydia
and gonorrhea main causes
SX of PID --- correct answer ---low bilateral abdominal pain, sx
more likely to develop during or immediately after menstruation,
uterine tenderness; increased risk for infertility
Most common cause of amenorrhea --- correct answer ---Pregnancy
Describe the clinical manifestations of epiglottitis --- correct
answer ---High fever, irritability, sore throat, inspiratory stridor,
and severe respiratory distress, also will take a forward leaning
position, drooling and dysphagia. Life threatening emergency. **DO
NOT examine the airway/throat - could cause laryngospasm and
cause respiratory collapse.
Most common cause of hypoxemia --- correct answer ---Refers to an
abnormal distribution of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q mismatch)
- this is the most common cause of hypoxemia. Hypoxemia caused
,by inadequate ventilation of well perfused areas of the lung (low
V/Q) - this type of mismatch is called shunting- occurs in atelectasis
(alveoli filled with fluid).
Hypoxemia caused by poor perfusion of well-ventilated portions of
the lung (high V/Q), resulting in wasted ventilation- most common
cause (PE impairs blood flow to a segment of the lung).
What usually precedes Pneumonia --- correct answer ---viral upper
respiratory tract infection
Clinical manifestations of ACTIVE TB --- correct answer ---develops
gradually- fatigue, weight loss, lethargy, low grade fever, night
sweats, cough that produces purulent sputum (develops slowly).
Clinical manifestations of squamous cell carcinoma --- correct
answer ---Squamous cell carcinoma- slow growth- located centrally
near hila and projects into bronchi - non-productive cough, airway
obstruction, hypercalcemia, hemoptysis
Signs and symptoms of an ACUTE asthma attack --- correct answer
---coughing, wheezing- expiratory wheezes often described as high
pitched and musical.
Describe the pathological process that leads to pulmonary edema. --
- correct answer ---Valvular dysfunction, CAD, Left ventricular
, dysfunction, causes increase in left atrial pressure, causing increase
in pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Most common cause of
pulmonary edema is left sided heart disease.
Most common cause of pulmonary edema --- correct answer ---left
sided heart disease
ARDS can trigger... --- correct answer ---severe pulmonary edema
due to damaging the capillary membrane.
What is the most common sign of upper airway obstruction ---
correct answer ---Stridor. Stridor is a high pitched harsh, vibratory
sound with inspiration of variable pitch caused by turbulent flow
through the partially obstructed airway -
What is the first sign of puberty in girls? --- correct answer ---
Breast buds are the first sign of puberty in girls, and they begin
when estradiol secretions occur, typically from ages eight to nine in
the United States.
What are two common clinical manifestations of endometriosis? ---
correct answer ---Irregular menses and hormonal fluctuations are
thought to contribute to infertility. Dysmenorrhea, or painful
periods, are the hallmark finding in endometriosis. It is the
hormones that interact with the endometrial tissue (that can be in
Advance Practice Nurse master set (2025–2026) –
Complete OA Exam Questions and Verified Answers
Introduction:
This document contains the full set of verified exam questions and
correct answers for the WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology OA
Exam for the 2025–2026 academic year. It comprehensively covers
all major systems and topics in advanced pathophysiology, including
cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, endocrine, hematologic,
neurologic, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders. Each
question is paired with the accurate answer and concise explanation,
providing a complete study guide for exam preparation. Ideal for
WGU nursing students and advanced practice nurse candidates.
Exam Questions and Answers
What is the majority of AUB( abnormal uterine bleeding) due to?
and what is the first-line treatment --- correct answer ---lack of
ovulation and NSAIDS
symptoms of a urethral stricture --- correct answer ---UTI like
symptoms, diminished force and caliber of the urinary stream,
double urine stream
What is Paraphimosis --- correct answer ---foreskin is retracted
and can't be moved forward to cover the glans.
,Can constrict blood flow * surgery must be performed to prevent
necrosis.
Torsion of testes --- correct answer ---may not have high riding
because of spermatic cord twisted
What are the main causes of PID --- correct answer ---chlamydia
and gonorrhea main causes
SX of PID --- correct answer ---low bilateral abdominal pain, sx
more likely to develop during or immediately after menstruation,
uterine tenderness; increased risk for infertility
Most common cause of amenorrhea --- correct answer ---Pregnancy
Describe the clinical manifestations of epiglottitis --- correct
answer ---High fever, irritability, sore throat, inspiratory stridor,
and severe respiratory distress, also will take a forward leaning
position, drooling and dysphagia. Life threatening emergency. **DO
NOT examine the airway/throat - could cause laryngospasm and
cause respiratory collapse.
Most common cause of hypoxemia --- correct answer ---Refers to an
abnormal distribution of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q mismatch)
- this is the most common cause of hypoxemia. Hypoxemia caused
,by inadequate ventilation of well perfused areas of the lung (low
V/Q) - this type of mismatch is called shunting- occurs in atelectasis
(alveoli filled with fluid).
Hypoxemia caused by poor perfusion of well-ventilated portions of
the lung (high V/Q), resulting in wasted ventilation- most common
cause (PE impairs blood flow to a segment of the lung).
What usually precedes Pneumonia --- correct answer ---viral upper
respiratory tract infection
Clinical manifestations of ACTIVE TB --- correct answer ---develops
gradually- fatigue, weight loss, lethargy, low grade fever, night
sweats, cough that produces purulent sputum (develops slowly).
Clinical manifestations of squamous cell carcinoma --- correct
answer ---Squamous cell carcinoma- slow growth- located centrally
near hila and projects into bronchi - non-productive cough, airway
obstruction, hypercalcemia, hemoptysis
Signs and symptoms of an ACUTE asthma attack --- correct answer
---coughing, wheezing- expiratory wheezes often described as high
pitched and musical.
Describe the pathological process that leads to pulmonary edema. --
- correct answer ---Valvular dysfunction, CAD, Left ventricular
, dysfunction, causes increase in left atrial pressure, causing increase
in pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Most common cause of
pulmonary edema is left sided heart disease.
Most common cause of pulmonary edema --- correct answer ---left
sided heart disease
ARDS can trigger... --- correct answer ---severe pulmonary edema
due to damaging the capillary membrane.
What is the most common sign of upper airway obstruction ---
correct answer ---Stridor. Stridor is a high pitched harsh, vibratory
sound with inspiration of variable pitch caused by turbulent flow
through the partially obstructed airway -
What is the first sign of puberty in girls? --- correct answer ---
Breast buds are the first sign of puberty in girls, and they begin
when estradiol secretions occur, typically from ages eight to nine in
the United States.
What are two common clinical manifestations of endometriosis? ---
correct answer ---Irregular menses and hormonal fluctuations are
thought to contribute to infertility. Dysmenorrhea, or painful
periods, are the hallmark finding in endometriosis. It is the
hormones that interact with the endometrial tissue (that can be in
