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, • The onset of menses
• The accumulation of adipose tissue with the onset of puberty
• Pregnancy
• How many stages does the Tanner scale use to stage sexual maturity?
• 3 stages
• 5 stages
• 6 stages
• 8 stages
• What is the median age for the onset of menstruation for adolescent
girls in the United States?
a. 9.8
b. 10.8
c. 12.8
d. 13.8
• What factor limits an individual’s ability to function productively as an adult?
• Failure to take into account social and cultural norms
• The inability to move through the world with credibility and respect
• Poverty
• Failure to negotiate the developmental tasks of adolescence successfully
• The type of thinking that influences the risk-taking behaviors of adolescence
• involves the use of symbols, advanced reasoning and expanded possibilities.
• works proactively to achieve autonomy.
• encourages experimentation and foresight.
• is rooted in the immediate and concrete.
• What narrow term is often used to refer to the period of Early Adulthood?
• Productive years
• Reproductive years
• Young Adulthood
• Adolescence
• Why have women’s changing roles come at a cost to their health?
• Increases in caregiving expectations compromise health
• Balancing competing demands increases stress
• Less attention is being placed on health care
• Men’s roles have not changed in relation to the change in women’s roles
• How do Franz and White (1985) expand Erikson’s theory of development?
• By proposing a two-pathway process that includes both
individuation and capacity for attachment
, • By refining Erikson’s single pathway to include capacity for attachment
• By expanding issues around career and lifestyle
• By expanding issues around identity
• What factors affect the mood changes many women in midlife suffer?
• Deficiencies of estrogen
• Psychological transitions
• Cultural beliefs and expectations
• All of the above
• What is the primary reason many older women live in poverty
and have health problems?
• They outnumber older men.
• They have outlived their support systems.
• Their cognitive abilities decline.
• They must contend with ageism and sexism.
ANSWER KEY
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
• c
• d
• b
• a
• c
• b
• c
• d
• a
• b
• b
• a
, • d
• b
Chapter 3 Women's Growth and Development Across the Life Span
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Select the one correct answer to each of the following questions.
• According to Wuest (1994), the major goal of feminist research is
• to change the design and evaluation of research.
• to liberate women from societal expectations.
• to emancipate the world from systemic bias based on gender and class.
• to expand notions of gender beyond stereotypes.
• What concern prompted the initiation of the modern EBP movement in health care?
• That clinicians often failed to evaluate the effectiveness of their own care
• That expert opinion was valued over scientific evidence
• That scientific evidence was valued over expert opinion
• That patients were demanding more evidence to support care decisions
• Quine’s (1952) concept of a web of interconnecting beliefs and knowledge supports
• the inferiority of quantitative research.
• a multiple-method approach to examining phenomena.
• the superiority of qualitative research.
• the difficulties of establishing best practices.
• Why are multiple approaches needed to identify best clinical practices?
• To reflect the multiple variables within clinical settings
• To offer alternatives to poorly functioning practices
• To address the complexity of the human condition
• To ensure that no single approach dominates
• What is the third part of the clinical decision-making triad that
includes clinical experience and patient preference?
• An investigation of treatment pathways
• A consultation with clinical management
• An evaluation of current clinical research
• Establishing research methodology
• How many classifications are used by the U.S. Preventative Service
Task Force to gauge the strength of recommendations for using research evidence
in clinical practice?
• 3
, • 5
• 6
• 8
• What are the corresponding clinical terms for Type I and Type II
errors in quantitative research?
• “false positive” and “false negative”
• “negativity” and “positivity”
• “bias I” and “bias II”
• “evidence flaw” and “process flaw”
• What key factor shapes the methodology of qualitative research?
• A person’s view of the world
• The ability to establish control over variables
• The ability to establish cause and effect
• A well-conducted meta-analysis
• What is a difference between quantitative and qualitative research?
• One follows strict protocols while the other does not.
• One deduces the reason why something happens and the
other induces why it happens.
• One places greater emphasizes on the expansion of knowledge.
• All of the above.
• What field of study informs qualitative research?
• Anthropology
• Ecological psychology
• Sociolinguistics
• All of the above
• Which research question most closely exemplifies a qualitative approach?
• Why do some women experience postpartum depression?
• How does physical exercise affect menopause?
• How does Kegel exercise affect a woman’s perinatal outcomes?
• Does a specific method of contraception cause weight gain?
• What is a recognized limitation of EBP?
• Emphasis on the routinization of practice
• Over-reliance on RCT-derived results
• The challenge of staying abreast of current research
• All of the above
• What is the purpose of the Stetler (2001) model of research utilization?
• To weigh the risks and benefits of EBP
• To supply methods for critiquing evidence
• To encourage a synthesis of all research methods
, • To help move best evidence into the clinical practice setting
• One common barrier to using EBP in clinical settings is the lack
of confidence in critiquing research studies. The second is
• the lack of time to find studies.
• the lack of willing colleagues.
• the lack of support from management.
• the lack of protocol in using EBP.
• What is the single most important action a clinician can take to
advance EBP in the clinical setting?
• Employ quantitative research methods
• Employ qualitative research methods
• Question everything
• Consult with management
ANSWER KEY
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
• c
• a
• b
• c
• c
• b
• a
• a
• b
• d
• a
• d
• d