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what are some other search tools? canine units
metal detectors
heavy machinery
thermal imaging
ground penetrating radar
search method is based on factors such as: - indoor/outdoor
- size
- urgency
- lighting available
- what is being searched for
- what evidence was already found
- concentration of material
- people available
lane/strip search good for large areas
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good for uneven terrain
line search limit must remain in a super straight line with everyone else as you move
across crime scene, at the same pace
circle/spiral search benefits good for locating additional items associated to an existing
piece of evidence
typically done indoors - too difficult to do outdoors
circle/spiral limits difficult to stay in a perfect spiral path to ensure nothing is missed
zone search benefits good for where other patterns won't work - typically in a house
divided by rooms - used where scene is already broken up into zones
how is evidence collection selective? - selectivity is determined by collector
- need knowledge about crime lab techniques, capabilities, limitations
- lack of this knowledge can lead to evidence being overlooked or collected improperly
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why do you need a reference sample? to compare unknown samples to it
control/known samples include: - standard/reference - ex. hair/blood/DNA
- substrate control - ex. oil, carpet
- elimination samples
how do you prevent contamination? - use proper PPE
- clean tools between collection of different samples
- change gloves frequently
- package items separately to avoid cross contamination
things that are commonly used to collect evidence - plastic pill bottles
- manila envelopes
- tinfoil 'boats'
- cardboard pillboxes
- sealable plastic bags
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- paper bags of various sizes
what is the druggist's fold used for? to collect trace evidence
what do you do with wet or bloodstained materials? air dry them before packaging and/or
place into paper bags so they have room to breathe and dry off
what should be done with items soiled with biological fluid that cannot be dried? should
be placed in a cooler with ice packs
how do you seal packaged evidence? with tamper-proof tape, then initial the seal
how do you document evidence? - case number
- item number
- location
- name of collector
- date and time of discovery