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Week 2 - Whitening
Teeth Whitening - Part 1
Why do teeth discolor?
Age, coffee, tea, soda, smoking, medication, trauma, childhood disease
Extrinsic stain
the outer layer of tooth (the enamel) is stained
coffee, wine, cola & other drinks or foods can stain teeth
poor OH + pigment ⇒ bacteria
tobacco products
CHX - antimicrobial mouthrine
Remove by surface debridement &| polish
Intrinsic stain
the inner structure of the tooth (dentin) darkens or get yellow tint
results of:
developmental disturbance (trauma, high fever, excessive fluoride,
medications)
hereditary conditions
Week 2 - Whitening 1
, age-related
How whitening work?
enamel= 97% inorganic material + 3% microscopic spaces
Stain accumulate within these small spaces > eventually reach the
dentin
whitening occurs when hydrogen peroxide or other whitening materials
pass through the space & reach the dentin
oxygen free radicals are released + oxidize the stain > lighten the color
of the dentin
can be accelerated using low-intensity heat or high-intensity light
Whitening vs Bleaching
Week 2 - Whitening 2
, whitening: restores tooth surface color by removing debris
bleaching: used when teeth are able to be whitened further than
natural color
Whitening ingredients
main ingredients:
hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, urea peroxide or non-
hydrogen peroxide (with NaCl, oxygen, Natrium Fluoride)
Additives (maybe) - i.e. Potassium nitrate, fluoride
Hydrogen peroxide
Available as liquid or gel
Concentrations: 5 - 40%
gels tend to stay put
liquids can seep under barriers and cause soft tissue burns
PPE is required
Carbamide peroxide
Week 2 - Whitening 3
Week 2 - Whitening
Teeth Whitening - Part 1
Why do teeth discolor?
Age, coffee, tea, soda, smoking, medication, trauma, childhood disease
Extrinsic stain
the outer layer of tooth (the enamel) is stained
coffee, wine, cola & other drinks or foods can stain teeth
poor OH + pigment ⇒ bacteria
tobacco products
CHX - antimicrobial mouthrine
Remove by surface debridement &| polish
Intrinsic stain
the inner structure of the tooth (dentin) darkens or get yellow tint
results of:
developmental disturbance (trauma, high fever, excessive fluoride,
medications)
hereditary conditions
Week 2 - Whitening 1
, age-related
How whitening work?
enamel= 97% inorganic material + 3% microscopic spaces
Stain accumulate within these small spaces > eventually reach the
dentin
whitening occurs when hydrogen peroxide or other whitening materials
pass through the space & reach the dentin
oxygen free radicals are released + oxidize the stain > lighten the color
of the dentin
can be accelerated using low-intensity heat or high-intensity light
Whitening vs Bleaching
Week 2 - Whitening 2
, whitening: restores tooth surface color by removing debris
bleaching: used when teeth are able to be whitened further than
natural color
Whitening ingredients
main ingredients:
hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, urea peroxide or non-
hydrogen peroxide (with NaCl, oxygen, Natrium Fluoride)
Additives (maybe) - i.e. Potassium nitrate, fluoride
Hydrogen peroxide
Available as liquid or gel
Concentrations: 5 - 40%
gels tend to stay put
liquids can seep under barriers and cause soft tissue burns
PPE is required
Carbamide peroxide
Week 2 - Whitening 3
