2025/2026 Exam Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔alveoli
What is the volume left in the lungs after normal expiration - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Functional residual capacity
The sum of what adds up to Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔residual volume (RV) and expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
Define Tidal Volume (TV) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Volume inspired and expired in
a normal breath
,Sum of what adds up to Inspiratory capacity - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔tidal volume
(TV) and inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
The sum of what adds up to Vital Capacity (VC) or Forced Vital Capacity
(FVC) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔tidal volume (TV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
and expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
How is most of the carbon dioxide in the blood carried? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔bicarbonate
Where in the brain is breathing controlled? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔medulla
oblongata
Metabolic alkalosis includes the increase of bicarbonate concentration in
the blood; true or false? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔true
What is HCl secreted by? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔parietal cells in the walls of
fundus and corpus
What is pepsinogen secreted by? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔chief cells of the
stomach
Most GI reabsorption occurs in? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔small intestine
What does intrinsic factor do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Carries B12
, Where is intrinsic factor secreted? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔fundus of the stomach
Oral glucose causes what to be secreted? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔GIP - glucose-
dependent insulinotropic peptide (also known as gastric inhibitory
polypeptide)
What does the drug Cimetidine do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Blocks H receptors -
H2 receptor antagonist. It works by blocking H2 receptors on the parietal
cells in the stomach, which reduces the secretion of stomach acid.
Which Cranial Nerves control the swallowing reflex? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔CN 9
and CN 10 -cranial nerves IX (the glossopharyngeal nerve) and X (the
vagus nerve)
Phasic contraction locations - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Esophagus, small intestine,
and antrum of the stomach
What is the drug Loperamide used for? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Antidiarrheal
medication. It works by slowing down gut movement
What is the drug Azathioprine used for? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔immunosuppressant medication. It works by inhibiting the immune
system
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