Clinical Medicine III (Clin Med III) – Osteoporosis Q&A (30 Questions) | 2025 | DEXA, Estrogen, Bisphosphonates

This detailed Q&A document provides 30 expert-verified questions and answers on Osteoporosis, part of the Clinical Medicine III (Clin Med III) curriculum. It addresses both the clinical and physiological aspects of the disease, including bone remodeling (Wolf’s Law), effects of estrogen deficiency, diagnostic imaging with DEXA scanning, and the interpretation of T-scores for osteoporosis and osteopenia. The resource also covers pharmacologic management, with a focus on bisphosphonates, SERMs, calcitonin, and intermittent PTH therapy, as well as the impact of glucocorticoids, vitamin D, and other hormone levels on bone health. Preventive strategies, risk factors (e.g., low body weight, menopause, certain medications), and screening guidelines for women over 65 are clearly outlined. This is an ideal study aid for medical students, nursing students, physician associate/assistant programs, and others studying endocrinology, rheumatology, or geriatrics. It is especially useful for exam prep, board reviews, and clinical application in osteoporosis diagnosis and management. Keywords: osteoporosis, osteopenia, DEXA scan, bisphosphonates, SERMs, estrogen loss, PTH therapy, bone density, T-score, vitamin D, calcium intake, Dowager's hump, glucocorticoids, bone resorption, screening guidelines, postmenopausal, female athlete triad