Toddler (1-3 years): Physical growth
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- anterior fontanel closes (12-18 months)
- weight gain is 3-5 lbs per year
- height increases by 3 inches per year
Communicating with toddlers
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, - receptive: ability to understand what is being said or asked
- expressive: ability to communicate one's desires/feelings
- toddler understands language and is able to follow commands sooner
than he or she can actually use the words
Toddler: sleep
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18 mo: 13.5 hours
24 mo: 13 hours
36 mo: 12 hours
consistent rituals
Preschoolers: safety
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- front facing car seat with harness
- prevent tobacco exposure
- prevent injury: stop at curb and walk with adult
- bike safety: wear a helmet, knee pads
- firearm safety: kept locked in cabinet separate from ammo
- prevent poisoning, drowning
Family centered care
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, partnership between the child, family, and health care providers that places
high value on the contributions made by the family in relation to their
health care needs
Physical exam: child growth measurements
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- recumbent length for infants up to age 36 mo + weight and head
circumference
- standing height and weight after 37 mo
- plot on growth chart: less than 5 or greater than 95th percentile is
considered outside expected parameters
ethical issues affecting the care of children
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- decision making/informed consent
- sanctity and quality of life
- genetic and technologic advances
- innovative therapy
- DNR orders
Vulnerability of children participating in research
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- know why the study is needed and what the time commitment will be
- know that what they are agreeing to is not part of standard care and they
, can ask questions before, during, or after study
- know they can stop going with research if wanted
Normal age range: walking
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12 months (11-15 months)
Nutrition in infancy
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breast feeding is best
- human milk is the preferred form of nutrition for all infants
- provides micronutrients, immunologic properties, enzymes that enhance
digestion and absorption
Infants: social/emotional development
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Stranger anxiety: happy and friendly infant may become clingy and whiny
when approached by strangers; indicator that the infant is recognizing
himself/herself as separate from others
Separation anxiety: Infant becomes distress when the parent leaves
Give this one a try later!
- anterior fontanel closes (12-18 months)
- weight gain is 3-5 lbs per year
- height increases by 3 inches per year
Communicating with toddlers
Give this one a try later!
, - receptive: ability to understand what is being said or asked
- expressive: ability to communicate one's desires/feelings
- toddler understands language and is able to follow commands sooner
than he or she can actually use the words
Toddler: sleep
Give this one a try later!
18 mo: 13.5 hours
24 mo: 13 hours
36 mo: 12 hours
consistent rituals
Preschoolers: safety
Give this one a try later!
- front facing car seat with harness
- prevent tobacco exposure
- prevent injury: stop at curb and walk with adult
- bike safety: wear a helmet, knee pads
- firearm safety: kept locked in cabinet separate from ammo
- prevent poisoning, drowning
Family centered care
Give this one a try later!
, partnership between the child, family, and health care providers that places
high value on the contributions made by the family in relation to their
health care needs
Physical exam: child growth measurements
Give this one a try later!
- recumbent length for infants up to age 36 mo + weight and head
circumference
- standing height and weight after 37 mo
- plot on growth chart: less than 5 or greater than 95th percentile is
considered outside expected parameters
ethical issues affecting the care of children
Give this one a try later!
- decision making/informed consent
- sanctity and quality of life
- genetic and technologic advances
- innovative therapy
- DNR orders
Vulnerability of children participating in research
Give this one a try later!
- know why the study is needed and what the time commitment will be
- know that what they are agreeing to is not part of standard care and they
, can ask questions before, during, or after study
- know they can stop going with research if wanted
Normal age range: walking
Give this one a try later!
12 months (11-15 months)
Nutrition in infancy
Give this one a try later!
breast feeding is best
- human milk is the preferred form of nutrition for all infants
- provides micronutrients, immunologic properties, enzymes that enhance
digestion and absorption
Infants: social/emotional development
Give this one a try later!
Stranger anxiety: happy and friendly infant may become clingy and whiny
when approached by strangers; indicator that the infant is recognizing
himself/herself as separate from others
Separation anxiety: Infant becomes distress when the parent leaves
