Nutrition NCLEX Questions and answers
2025\2026 A+ Grade
The nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about foods she should include in the diet.
The nurse determines that the client understands the dietary modifications if which items are selected
from the menu?
1. Nuts and milk
2. Coffee and tea
3. Cooked rolled oats and fish
4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables
- correct answer 4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables
Dark green leafy vegetables are a good source of iron, and oranges are a good source of vitamin C,
which enhances iron absorption. All other options are not food sources that are high in iron and vitamin
C.
The nurse is planning to teach a client with malabsorption syndrome about the necessity of following a
low-fat diet. The nurse develops a list of high-fat foods to avoid and should include which food items on
the list? Select all that apply.
1. Oranges
2. Broccoli
3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
6. Broiled haddock
- correct answer 3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
,5. Luncheon meats
Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do not come from animal sources. Broiled
haddock is also naturally lower in fat. Margarine, cream cheese, and luncheon meats are high-fat foods.
The nurse instructs a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving hemodialysis about dietary
modifications. The nurse determines that the client understands these dietary modifications if the client
selects which items from the dietary menu?
1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice
4. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice
- correct answer 1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
The diet for a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving hemodialysis should include controlled
amounts of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids, which is indicated in the correct option.
The food items in the remaining options are high in sodium, phosphorus, or potassium.
The nurse is conducting a dietary assessment on a client who is on a vegan diet. The nurse provides
dietary teaching and should focus on foods high in which vitamin that may be lacking in a vegan diet?
1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B12
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin E
- correct answer 2. Vitamin B12
Vegans do not consume any animal products. Vitamin B12 is found in animal products and therefore
would most likely be lacking in a vegan diet. Vitamins A, C, and E are found in fresh fruits and
vegetables, which are consumed in a vegan diet.
, A client with hypertension has been told to maintain a diet low in sodium. The nurse who is teaching this
client about foods that are allowed should include which food item in a list provided to the client?
1. Tomato soup
2. Boiled shrimp
3. Instant oatmeal
4. Summer squash
- correct answer 4. Summer squash
Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables (summer squash) because they do not
contain physiological saline. Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal) are higher
in sodium unless their food labels specifically state "low sodium." Saltwater fish and shellfish are high in
sodium.
A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. The nurse should provide the client with
which items that are allowed to be consumed on this diet? Select all that apply.
1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
4. Pudding
5. Vegetable juice
6. Pureed vegetables
- correct answer 1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent to light and are clear and liquid at
room and body temperature. These foods include items such as water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated
beverages, gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. The
incorrect food items are items that are allowed on a full liquid diet.
2025\2026 A+ Grade
The nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about foods she should include in the diet.
The nurse determines that the client understands the dietary modifications if which items are selected
from the menu?
1. Nuts and milk
2. Coffee and tea
3. Cooked rolled oats and fish
4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables
- correct answer 4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables
Dark green leafy vegetables are a good source of iron, and oranges are a good source of vitamin C,
which enhances iron absorption. All other options are not food sources that are high in iron and vitamin
C.
The nurse is planning to teach a client with malabsorption syndrome about the necessity of following a
low-fat diet. The nurse develops a list of high-fat foods to avoid and should include which food items on
the list? Select all that apply.
1. Oranges
2. Broccoli
3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
6. Broiled haddock
- correct answer 3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
,5. Luncheon meats
Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do not come from animal sources. Broiled
haddock is also naturally lower in fat. Margarine, cream cheese, and luncheon meats are high-fat foods.
The nurse instructs a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving hemodialysis about dietary
modifications. The nurse determines that the client understands these dietary modifications if the client
selects which items from the dietary menu?
1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice
4. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice
- correct answer 1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
The diet for a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving hemodialysis should include controlled
amounts of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids, which is indicated in the correct option.
The food items in the remaining options are high in sodium, phosphorus, or potassium.
The nurse is conducting a dietary assessment on a client who is on a vegan diet. The nurse provides
dietary teaching and should focus on foods high in which vitamin that may be lacking in a vegan diet?
1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B12
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin E
- correct answer 2. Vitamin B12
Vegans do not consume any animal products. Vitamin B12 is found in animal products and therefore
would most likely be lacking in a vegan diet. Vitamins A, C, and E are found in fresh fruits and
vegetables, which are consumed in a vegan diet.
, A client with hypertension has been told to maintain a diet low in sodium. The nurse who is teaching this
client about foods that are allowed should include which food item in a list provided to the client?
1. Tomato soup
2. Boiled shrimp
3. Instant oatmeal
4. Summer squash
- correct answer 4. Summer squash
Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables (summer squash) because they do not
contain physiological saline. Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal) are higher
in sodium unless their food labels specifically state "low sodium." Saltwater fish and shellfish are high in
sodium.
A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. The nurse should provide the client with
which items that are allowed to be consumed on this diet? Select all that apply.
1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
4. Pudding
5. Vegetable juice
6. Pureed vegetables
- correct answer 1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent to light and are clear and liquid at
room and body temperature. These foods include items such as water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated
beverages, gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. The
incorrect food items are items that are allowed on a full liquid diet.
