BIOS-251: Exam 2 Review Questions and
Answers Graded A+
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number
of chromosomes - Correct answer-Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and
prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases - Correct answer-Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) -
Correct answer-G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins. - Correct answer-G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA
is replicated. - Correct answer-S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
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,Growth and preparation for mitosis - Correct answer-G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible
and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the
nucleus - Correct answer-Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center
of the cell - Correct answer-Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles - Correct answer-Anaphase
The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the
chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are
formed. - Correct answer-Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - Correct answer-Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing
organisms - Correct answer-Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis - Correct answer-Mitosis produces two
diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the
original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are
genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.
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, Number of Chromosomes in Humans... - Correct answer-46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans - Correct answer-23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction - Correct answer-Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes
phospholipids - Correct answer-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances - Correct answer-
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the
cell - Correct answer-Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the
cell - Correct answer-Lysosomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances, oxidizes fatty acids,
and protects cell from free radicals - Correct answer-Peroxisomes
- Hollow, cylindrical organelle that disposes of unnecessary and damaged proteins
- Contain enzymes that break down tagged, targeted proteins into short peptides
and amino acids - Correct answer-Proteasomes
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Answers Graded A+
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number
of chromosomes - Correct answer-Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and
prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases - Correct answer-Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) -
Correct answer-G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins. - Correct answer-G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA
is replicated. - Correct answer-S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
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,Growth and preparation for mitosis - Correct answer-G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible
and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the
nucleus - Correct answer-Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center
of the cell - Correct answer-Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles - Correct answer-Anaphase
The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the
chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are
formed. - Correct answer-Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - Correct answer-Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing
organisms - Correct answer-Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis - Correct answer-Mitosis produces two
diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the
original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are
genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.
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, Number of Chromosomes in Humans... - Correct answer-46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans - Correct answer-23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction - Correct answer-Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes
phospholipids - Correct answer-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances - Correct answer-
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the
cell - Correct answer-Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the
cell - Correct answer-Lysosomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances, oxidizes fatty acids,
and protects cell from free radicals - Correct answer-Peroxisomes
- Hollow, cylindrical organelle that disposes of unnecessary and damaged proteins
- Contain enzymes that break down tagged, targeted proteins into short peptides
and amino acids - Correct answer-Proteasomes
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