,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Health A Community View 1
Chapter 02 Historical Factors Community Health Nursing in Context 11
Chapter 03 Thinking Upstream Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing
Practice 22
Chapter 04 Health Promotion and Risk Reduction 29
Chapter 05 Epidemiology 37
Chapter 06 Community Assessment 49
Chapter 07 Community Health Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation 57
Chapter 08 Community Health Education 68
Chapter 09 Case Management 79
Chapter 10 Policy, Politics, Legislation, and Community Health Nursing 98
Chapter 11 The Health Care System 100
Chapter 12 Economics of Health Care 109
Chapter 13 Cultural Diversity and Community Health Nursing 121
Chapter 14 Environmental Health 133
Chapter 15 Health in the Global Community 141
Chapter 16 Child and Adolescent Health 149
Chapter 17 Women's Health 163
Chapter 18 Men's Health 177
Chapter 19 Senior Health 183
Chapter 20 Family Health 196
Chapter 21 Populations Affected by Disabilities 207
Chapter 22 Veterans Health 216
Chapter 23 Homeless Populations 226
Chapter 24 Rural and Migrant Health 236
Chapter 25 Populations Affected by Mental Illness 249
Chapter 26 Communicable Disease 258
Chapter 27 Substance Abuse 268
Chapter 28 Violence 282
Chapter 29 Natural and Man-Made Disasters 291
Chapter 30 School Health 301
Chapter 31 Occupational Health 313
Chapter 32 Forensic and Correctional Nursing 324
Chapter 33 Faith Community Nursing 333
Chapter 34 Home Health and Hospice 340
,Chapter 01: Health: A Community View
Nies: Community/Public Health Nursing, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which best describes the primary reason that Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussing how to improve health care.
b. The media has provided mixed messages about the health care system.
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
d. The new health care system offers free services to Americans.
ANS: C
The primary reason for the focus on health care is the constantly increasing costs, which
cannot be sustained. The costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of
escalating health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in
1965 to 17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions
about health care; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned.
The new health care system will change the health care access and availability, but will not
necessarily be offering any free services to Americans.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
2. A nurse has begun to lobby with politicians for changes to the health care system. Why is
this involvement important?
a. Nurses, as central characters in several popular TV series, are currently very
visible in American media.
b. Nurses are primarily responsible for managing the various units in our health care
system.
c. Nurses are the largest segment of health care providers.
d. Nurses are the only group that is employed both inside and outside of hospitals.
ANS: C
As the largest segment of health care providers, nurses are informed about the current
health care system and all the problems that result from people not seeking care until they
are desperately ill. Nurses, as the American Nurses Association (ANA) emphasize, usually
believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore, nurses, whose work is central
to our current health care delivery system, can also be instrumental in working politically
to create a health care delivery system that will meet health needs. While nurses are in
several current TV series and are employed both inside and outside of hospitals,
physicians and other health care providers are as well. Nurses are often managers, but
managers often have other backgrounds, such as business administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses are employed?
a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central medical
centers.
b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing nurses to improve customer
, relations.
ANS: B
MCOs are employing nurses in many capacities. Although hospitals are closing and acute
care is increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an
increase in neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most
industries, health care is recognized as an area where growth in employment is expected.
However, nurses are increasingly employed in community settings as opposed to hospitals.
This change reflects the move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based
tertiary care. To help decrease the continued rise in health care costs, the increased
emphasis is on disease prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace.
b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice.
c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility.
d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems.
ANS: C
Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe
and in egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and seeking of
cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to
protect and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and
freedom of choice are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in
ensuring social justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of
alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and
vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
environmental changes needed for well-being.
ANS: D
Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal
choices in the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the
need for community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural
restraints to health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
6. What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics require
of the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
a. Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available
Chapter 01 Health A Community View 1
Chapter 02 Historical Factors Community Health Nursing in Context 11
Chapter 03 Thinking Upstream Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing
Practice 22
Chapter 04 Health Promotion and Risk Reduction 29
Chapter 05 Epidemiology 37
Chapter 06 Community Assessment 49
Chapter 07 Community Health Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation 57
Chapter 08 Community Health Education 68
Chapter 09 Case Management 79
Chapter 10 Policy, Politics, Legislation, and Community Health Nursing 98
Chapter 11 The Health Care System 100
Chapter 12 Economics of Health Care 109
Chapter 13 Cultural Diversity and Community Health Nursing 121
Chapter 14 Environmental Health 133
Chapter 15 Health in the Global Community 141
Chapter 16 Child and Adolescent Health 149
Chapter 17 Women's Health 163
Chapter 18 Men's Health 177
Chapter 19 Senior Health 183
Chapter 20 Family Health 196
Chapter 21 Populations Affected by Disabilities 207
Chapter 22 Veterans Health 216
Chapter 23 Homeless Populations 226
Chapter 24 Rural and Migrant Health 236
Chapter 25 Populations Affected by Mental Illness 249
Chapter 26 Communicable Disease 258
Chapter 27 Substance Abuse 268
Chapter 28 Violence 282
Chapter 29 Natural and Man-Made Disasters 291
Chapter 30 School Health 301
Chapter 31 Occupational Health 313
Chapter 32 Forensic and Correctional Nursing 324
Chapter 33 Faith Community Nursing 333
Chapter 34 Home Health and Hospice 340
,Chapter 01: Health: A Community View
Nies: Community/Public Health Nursing, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which best describes the primary reason that Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussing how to improve health care.
b. The media has provided mixed messages about the health care system.
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
d. The new health care system offers free services to Americans.
ANS: C
The primary reason for the focus on health care is the constantly increasing costs, which
cannot be sustained. The costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of
escalating health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in
1965 to 17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions
about health care; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned.
The new health care system will change the health care access and availability, but will not
necessarily be offering any free services to Americans.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
2. A nurse has begun to lobby with politicians for changes to the health care system. Why is
this involvement important?
a. Nurses, as central characters in several popular TV series, are currently very
visible in American media.
b. Nurses are primarily responsible for managing the various units in our health care
system.
c. Nurses are the largest segment of health care providers.
d. Nurses are the only group that is employed both inside and outside of hospitals.
ANS: C
As the largest segment of health care providers, nurses are informed about the current
health care system and all the problems that result from people not seeking care until they
are desperately ill. Nurses, as the American Nurses Association (ANA) emphasize, usually
believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore, nurses, whose work is central
to our current health care delivery system, can also be instrumental in working politically
to create a health care delivery system that will meet health needs. While nurses are in
several current TV series and are employed both inside and outside of hospitals,
physicians and other health care providers are as well. Nurses are often managers, but
managers often have other backgrounds, such as business administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses are employed?
a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central medical
centers.
b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing nurses to improve customer
, relations.
ANS: B
MCOs are employing nurses in many capacities. Although hospitals are closing and acute
care is increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an
increase in neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most
industries, health care is recognized as an area where growth in employment is expected.
However, nurses are increasingly employed in community settings as opposed to hospitals.
This change reflects the move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based
tertiary care. To help decrease the continued rise in health care costs, the increased
emphasis is on disease prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace.
b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice.
c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility.
d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems.
ANS: C
Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe
and in egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and seeking of
cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to
protect and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and
freedom of choice are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in
ensuring social justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of
alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and
vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
environmental changes needed for well-being.
ANS: D
Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal
choices in the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the
need for community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural
restraints to health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
6. What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics require
of the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
a. Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available
