PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
A disease of unknown origin is more commonly referred to as - CORRECT ANSWERS
idiopathic
Which of the following is an example of anatomic pathology
a. study of breast biopsy specimen
b. study of blood glucose level
c. study of the concentration of electrolytes (such as sodium) in urine
d. culture of phlegm (mucous) to detect microorganisms - CORRECT ANSWERS a. study
of a breast biopsy specimen
a chronic disease differs from an actue disease because - CORRECT ANSWERS chronic
disease has a slow onset with indistinct symptoms, while an acute disease arises rapidly with
distinctive symptoms
a latent period - CORRECT ANSWERS occurs when a disease is present, but
unaccompanied by signs and symptoms
True or False: A greater degree of abnormality does not increase the likelihood that disease is
present - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Standard deviation is - CORRECT ANSWERS a measure of the degree of natural
variability of results
The natural history and development of the disease process is - CORRECT ANSWERS
pathogenesis
,PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
True or False: the cause of all disease is environmental injury or genetic defect - CORRECT
ANSWERS False: the cause of disease can be environmental or genetics alone or a
combination of the two
The number of people with a certain disease at a given moment - CORRECT ANSWERS
prevalence
Heart disease is - CORRECT ANSWERS mulifactoral
Using examples from the text, describe the relationship between structure and function. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Structure and function are inseparably locked together. A
structural change may cause a functional disorder; likewise, a functional disorder may lead to
structural change
Compare and contrast signs and symptoms. - CORRECT ANSWERS Symptoms are
subjective and described by the patient, or someone else on behalf of the patient, during the
medical history. Signs are objective and are revealed during the physical, lab, X-ray, or other
examination.
Sensitivity is to false positive as - CORRECT ANSWERS specificity is to false negative
What roles do our environment and our genetics play in causing disease? Consider examples
along the continuum. - CORRECT ANSWERS The causes of disease are on a continuum
between environmental injury and genetics. An example of a disease due to environment
would be burns; one due to genetics would be cystic fibrosis. Examples of both are much more
common and include lung cancer, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
,PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
Compare and contrast clinical and anatomic pathology - CORRECT ANSWERS Clinical
pathology is the study of the functional aspect of disease and includes measurements taken on
tissue, blood, or urine (e.g., blood glucose). Anatomic pathology is the study of structural
changes, which can be assessed postmortem (autopsy) or on living tissue taken from a patient
(biopsy).
In screening a population for a lethal disease, what factors affect the type of test that you will
choose? Consider sensitivity, specificity, prevalence, and predictive value. - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the case of a lethal disease, missing the disease in a person might cause grave
consequences; therefore, a test with high sensitivity is warranted. Such a test would guarantee
that no person with the disease would be missed. The sensitive test can then be followed up
with a specific test to distinguish patients with a false positive result from a true positive result.
Indeed, any false diagnosis of a lethal disease needs to be avoided.
In populations where the prevalence of a disease is high, a positive result is more likely to be
truly positive, regardless of how good the test is. Therefore, by using a sensitive test only in the
part of the population where we suspect the disease, we can increase the positive predictive
value of the test. Of course, the sensitive test should be followed by a specific test to confirm
the finding.
Discuss health and sickness versus normal and abnormal in the context of true positive, false
positive, true negative, and false negative - CORRECT ANSWERS Health is the absence
of disease, while sickness is its presence. Tests performed to detect the disease are said to be
positive if the result is abnormal (suggesting presence of disease) and negative if the result is
normal (suggesting the absence of disease). In patients where the test is positive and the
disease is present, the result is said to be a "true positive." In cases where the test is positive
and the disease is absent, the result is said to be a "false positive." Conversely, in the absence
of disease (the patient is healthy), a negative result is a "true negative." Finally, in a patient with
the disease, a negative test result is said to be a "false negative."
True or false: a functional disorder can lead to a structural change - CORRECT ANSWERS
true
, PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
True or False: acute disease typically begins with manifestations that are difficult to interpret -
CORRECT ANSWERS false: chronic disease typically begins with manifestations that are
difficult to interpret
what is the scientific name for a period of vague, early manifestations that herald the coming of
more pronounced disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Prodromal period
What is the name for a short period of increased intensity of disease? - CORRECT
ANSWERS exacerbation
what is the scientific name for the cause of a disease - CORRECT ANSWERS etiology
what is the scientific name for a structural abnormality of disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
lesion
True or False: the incidence of a disease is the number of new cases of a particular disease that
appear in a year - CORRECT ANSWERS True
True or False: a patients ability to read ad comprehend prescription- drug information is a
determinant of health - CORRECT ANSWERS true
Is an abnormality observed by a nurse a sign or symptom? - CORRECT ANSWERS sign
True or false: a biopsy is an examination of a tissue specimen to determine the cause of death -
CORRECT ANSWERS False: a biopsy is an examination of a living tissue
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
A disease of unknown origin is more commonly referred to as - CORRECT ANSWERS
idiopathic
Which of the following is an example of anatomic pathology
a. study of breast biopsy specimen
b. study of blood glucose level
c. study of the concentration of electrolytes (such as sodium) in urine
d. culture of phlegm (mucous) to detect microorganisms - CORRECT ANSWERS a. study
of a breast biopsy specimen
a chronic disease differs from an actue disease because - CORRECT ANSWERS chronic
disease has a slow onset with indistinct symptoms, while an acute disease arises rapidly with
distinctive symptoms
a latent period - CORRECT ANSWERS occurs when a disease is present, but
unaccompanied by signs and symptoms
True or False: A greater degree of abnormality does not increase the likelihood that disease is
present - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Standard deviation is - CORRECT ANSWERS a measure of the degree of natural
variability of results
The natural history and development of the disease process is - CORRECT ANSWERS
pathogenesis
,PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
True or False: the cause of all disease is environmental injury or genetic defect - CORRECT
ANSWERS False: the cause of disease can be environmental or genetics alone or a
combination of the two
The number of people with a certain disease at a given moment - CORRECT ANSWERS
prevalence
Heart disease is - CORRECT ANSWERS mulifactoral
Using examples from the text, describe the relationship between structure and function. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Structure and function are inseparably locked together. A
structural change may cause a functional disorder; likewise, a functional disorder may lead to
structural change
Compare and contrast signs and symptoms. - CORRECT ANSWERS Symptoms are
subjective and described by the patient, or someone else on behalf of the patient, during the
medical history. Signs are objective and are revealed during the physical, lab, X-ray, or other
examination.
Sensitivity is to false positive as - CORRECT ANSWERS specificity is to false negative
What roles do our environment and our genetics play in causing disease? Consider examples
along the continuum. - CORRECT ANSWERS The causes of disease are on a continuum
between environmental injury and genetics. An example of a disease due to environment
would be burns; one due to genetics would be cystic fibrosis. Examples of both are much more
common and include lung cancer, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
,PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
Compare and contrast clinical and anatomic pathology - CORRECT ANSWERS Clinical
pathology is the study of the functional aspect of disease and includes measurements taken on
tissue, blood, or urine (e.g., blood glucose). Anatomic pathology is the study of structural
changes, which can be assessed postmortem (autopsy) or on living tissue taken from a patient
(biopsy).
In screening a population for a lethal disease, what factors affect the type of test that you will
choose? Consider sensitivity, specificity, prevalence, and predictive value. - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the case of a lethal disease, missing the disease in a person might cause grave
consequences; therefore, a test with high sensitivity is warranted. Such a test would guarantee
that no person with the disease would be missed. The sensitive test can then be followed up
with a specific test to distinguish patients with a false positive result from a true positive result.
Indeed, any false diagnosis of a lethal disease needs to be avoided.
In populations where the prevalence of a disease is high, a positive result is more likely to be
truly positive, regardless of how good the test is. Therefore, by using a sensitive test only in the
part of the population where we suspect the disease, we can increase the positive predictive
value of the test. Of course, the sensitive test should be followed by a specific test to confirm
the finding.
Discuss health and sickness versus normal and abnormal in the context of true positive, false
positive, true negative, and false negative - CORRECT ANSWERS Health is the absence
of disease, while sickness is its presence. Tests performed to detect the disease are said to be
positive if the result is abnormal (suggesting presence of disease) and negative if the result is
normal (suggesting the absence of disease). In patients where the test is positive and the
disease is present, the result is said to be a "true positive." In cases where the test is positive
and the disease is absent, the result is said to be a "false positive." Conversely, in the absence
of disease (the patient is healthy), a negative result is a "true negative." Finally, in a patient with
the disease, a negative test result is said to be a "false negative."
True or false: a functional disorder can lead to a structural change - CORRECT ANSWERS
true
, PATHOLOGY EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A COMPLETE BEST SOLUTION COVERS
2025/2026 ALL ANSWERS HAVE IT 100% ACCURATE
RATED TO SCORE A+ FOR PASS
True or False: acute disease typically begins with manifestations that are difficult to interpret -
CORRECT ANSWERS false: chronic disease typically begins with manifestations that are
difficult to interpret
what is the scientific name for a period of vague, early manifestations that herald the coming of
more pronounced disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Prodromal period
What is the name for a short period of increased intensity of disease? - CORRECT
ANSWERS exacerbation
what is the scientific name for the cause of a disease - CORRECT ANSWERS etiology
what is the scientific name for a structural abnormality of disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
lesion
True or False: the incidence of a disease is the number of new cases of a particular disease that
appear in a year - CORRECT ANSWERS True
True or False: a patients ability to read ad comprehend prescription- drug information is a
determinant of health - CORRECT ANSWERS true
Is an abnormality observed by a nurse a sign or symptom? - CORRECT ANSWERS sign
True or false: a biopsy is an examination of a tissue specimen to determine the cause of death -
CORRECT ANSWERS False: a biopsy is an examination of a living tissue
