Exam (elaborations)

RN Pharmacology Practice Test.docx latest exam document /complete questiosna nd answers solution 2021

RN Pharmacology Practice T latest exam document /complete questiosna nd answers solution 2021 1.) A client is receiving a second dose of IV cefazolin postoperatively. The nurse notes urticarial, dyspnea, anxiety, and hypotension. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate administering? Oral diphenhydramine Parenteral diazepam Parenteral epinephrine Oral hydroxyzine 2.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is diagnosed with migraine headaches. The client is prescribed ergotamine sublingual. Which of the following should the nurse include in her instructions? Take one tablet three times a day before meals Take one tablet at onset of migraine Take up to eight tablets as needed within a 24-hr period Take one tablet every 15 min until migraine subsides 3.) A nurse is caring for a client who has just been transferred from the PACU to the medical-surgical unit following a colon resection. The client reports pain of an 8 on a scale from 0 to 10 and has a prescription for morphine sulfate 4 mg IV bolus PRN pain every 2 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Administer the morphine sulfate Check the client’s PACU medication record Notify the provider Change the client’s position 4.) A client newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine 0.25 mg PO daily. After 6 weeks of treatment, the nurse determines that the medication was effective if the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is 2 microunits/mL total T4 level is 3 mcg/dL total T3 level is 65 ng/dL thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is 1.0 mg/dL 5.) A client is taking trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? Dry cough Involuntary wrist contraction Photosensitivity Vesicular, crusty rash 6.) A nurse is caring for a client who has candidiasis. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? Fluconazole Metronidazole Linezolid Nitrofurantoin 7.) A nurse is assessing a client who is taking indomethacin. For which of the following should the nurse monitor to evaluate the medication’s effectiveness? Reduced pain Improved balance Relaxed muscles Weight loss 8.) A nurse is administering donepezil to a client who has Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following documented findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? Dyspepsia Diarrhea Dizziness Dyspnea 9.) A client who has a history of hypertension tells the nurse that he uses over-the-counter oral decongestants for nasal congestion. The nurse should advise the client that decongestants can decrease heart rate should be limited to no more than 3 days can constrict blood vessels are less effective than antihistamines 10.) A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. For which of the following is the client prescribed chlordiazepoxide? Minimize diaphoresis Maintain abstinence Lessen craving Prevent delirium tremors 11.) A nurse is caring for a client who taking acetazolamide for chronic open angle glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report? Blurring of vision Tinnitus Tingling of fingers Hypoglycemia 12.) A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is discharged with a prescription of furosemide. The nurse should plan to instruct the client that which of the following are potential adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply) dizziness hypokalemia seizures urinary frequency hypoglycemia 13.) A nurse is monitoring a client receiving an IV infusion of magnesium sulfate for preterm labor. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing magnesium toxicity? Clonus Raised blood pressure Decreased level of consciousness Agitation 14.) A nurse is planning to teach a client about taking methotrexate. For which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider? Tinnitus Palpitations Fever Insomnia 15.) A nurse if providing teaching to a client who is taking tetracycline PO and reports gastrointestinal distress. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? Take the medication with an antacid Take the medication at bedtime Take the medication with applesauce Take the medication on an empty stomach. 16.) A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department following a diazepam overdose. The nurse should administer which of the following medications? Naloxone Atropine Sulfate Neostigmine Flumazenil 17.) A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is to begin pharmacological therapy for a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use during an acute asthma attack? Montelukast Albuterol Beclomethasone Nedocromil 18.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? “I should take my medication with milk to minimize gastric upset” “I should not have adverse effects if my medication level is 30 mcg/mL” “I should let my dentist know I’m taking this medication” “I should expect to experience some unusual eye movement when taking” 19.) A nurse is administering baclofen for a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse document as a therapeutic outcome? Increase in seizure threshold Decreased in flexor and extensor spasticity Increase in cognitive function Decrease in paralysis of the extremities 20.) A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is prescribed enalapril. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? Bradycardia Hyperkalemia Blurred Vision Hypoglycemia 21.) A nurse is providing teaching about insulin glargine to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the instructions? Observe for hypoglycemia when the insulin peaks Administer the insulin immediately before meals Do not mix this medication in a syringe with other insulins Rotate the bottle gently prior to drawing up the insulin 22.) A nurse is assessing a client who is taking salmeterol. Which of the following reports from the client indicates effectiveness of the medication? Decreased edema Improved mood Improved breathing Decreased pain 23.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to begin taking oxybutynin for urinary incontinence. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse tell the client to expect? (Select all that apply) Dry mouth Diarrhea Blurred vision Bradycardia Photophobia 24.) A nurse is assessing a client who is taking propylthiouracil for the treatment of Graves’ disease. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication? Decrease in WBC count Decrease in amount of time sleeping Increase in appetite Increase in ability to focus 25.) A nurse is assessing laboratory results for a client who is prescribed oprelvekin for management of adverse effects of chemotherapy. Which of the following findings by the nurse indicated a therapeutic effect of the medication? Erthrocyte count is 4.7 million/mm3 Leukocyte count is 9000 mm3 Platelet count is 350,000/mm3 Hematocrit is 45% 26.) A nurse is assessing a client who is taking oral contraceptives. Which of the following medications will interfere with the effectiveness of the oral contraceptives? Warfarin Carbamazepine Atenolol Lorazepam 27.) A nurse in a provider’s office is assessing a client who has been taking aspirin daily for the past year. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider immediately? Hyperventilation Heartburn Anorexia Swollen ankles 28.) A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer if the client experiences bleeding? Vitamin K Protamine Sulfate Calcium gluconate Acetylcysteine 29.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start therapy with digoxin. For which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report? Dry cough Pedal edema Bruising Yellow-tinged vision 30.) A nurse is assessing a client who has myasthenia gravis and is taking neostigmine. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse the client is experiencing an adverse reaction? Tachycardia Confusion Nausea Dry Mouth 31.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who takes valproic acid. For which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider? Jaundice Muscle pain Dry mouth Blurred vision 32.) A nurse is caring for a client who recently began taking oral amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium and reports urticarial. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take? Request a change in the type of the antibiotic Ask for a change in the route of the administration Ausculate the clients heart sounds Check the clients WBC count 33.) A nurse is caring for a client who is taking tamoxifen for the treatment of breast cancer. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following side effects can develop? (Select all that apply) Bradycardia Menstrual irregularities Jaundice Hot flashes Bruising 34.) A nurse is planning teaching for a child who has been prescribed fluticasone propionate for treatment of chronic asthma. The nurse plans to teach the child to use a spacer to minimize the risk for which of the following? Adrenal suppression Dental caries Tachycardia Candidasis of the mouth. 35.) A nurse is providing teaching about clindamycin to a client. Which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication that the nurse should instruct the client to report to the provider? Orange urine Watery diarrhea Weight gain Headache 36.) A nurse is teaching a client who is to start a new prescription for verapamil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include? Take on an empty stomach Avoid crowds Discontinue if palpitations occur Change positions slowly 37.) A nurse is planning to provide medication education for a client who will begin a course of therapy with metronidazole. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid during the course of therapy? Grilled meats Cooked greens Coffee Beer 38.) A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving epoetin alfa to treat anemia. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor related to this medication? Paresthesia Increased blood pressure Fever Respiratory depression 39.) A nurse is caring for an older adult client. The client received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4hr instead of over 8hr as prescribed. Which of the following entries is the appropriate documentation of this occurrence in the client’s medical record? IV fluid infused over 4hr instead of the prescribed 8hr. Client tolerated fluids well 0.9% sodicum chloride 1L IV infused over 4hr. Vital signs stable 1L of 0.9% sodium chloride completed at 0900. Client denies shortness of breath IV fluid initiated at 0500. Lungs clear to auscultation. 40.) At 0900 a nurse is preparing a client’s medication. Based on the chart findings, which of the following medications should the nurse administer first? Sodium polystyrene sulfate Atenolol Furosemide Ketorolac 41.) A nurse is caring for a client who is to start therapy with benztropine. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor? Urinary frequency Hyperglycemia Diarrhea Tachycardia 42.) A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. The client tells the nurse she is pregnant, but has not told her provider. Which of the following orders should the nurse question? Acetaminophen Doxycycline Docusate Sodium Regular Insulin 43.) A nurse is caring for a client who has acute angle closure glaucoma and has been receiving a continuous IV infusion of mannitol 25% for 1 hr. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse report to the provider immediately? Vomiting Increased thirst Peripheral edema Muscle cramps 44.) A client is just diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and is prescribed a four-medication regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The client asks the nurse why he has to take so many pills. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? “This regimen will reduce the length of therapy to 3 to 4 weeks” “This combination of medication will decrease the side effects that you might experience” “This regimen will eliminate various combinations of resistant strains of TB” “This combination will prevent latent disease from becoming active” 45.) A nurse is preparing to administer hydromorphone for a postoperative client. Which of the following indicates that the nurse should withhold the next dose of the medication? The client reports feeling nauseous The clients respiratory rate is 8/min The client reports a pain level of 4 on a scale from 0 to 10 Bowel sounds are absent in all four quadrants. 46.) A nurse in a clinic is talking to a client on the phone who tells the nurse he has not taken any of his morning medications and reports tinnitus. The nurse instructs the client to come to the clinic and withhold which of the following medications? Nitroglycerin Aspirin Metoprolol Clopidogrel 47.) A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following abdominal surgery and has been taking morphine sulfate PRN for incisional pain. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects? Urinary retention Tachycardia Hyperthermia Dilated pupils 48.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving long-term treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus with prednisone. The nurse should inform the client to expect to undergo which of the following diagnostic test to monitor long-term complications? Pulmonary function tests Electrocardiograms Liver function studies Bone density scans 49.) A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving amphotericin B intermittent IV bolus for histoplasmosis. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse notify the provider. Bradycardia Fever Hyperkalemia Urinary retention 50.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription for sucralfate. The nurse explains to the client that the medication decreases stomach acid secretion neutralizes acids in the stomach forms a protective barrier over ulcers treats ulcers by eradication H. pylori 51.) A client is receiving a heparin infusion for deep vein thrombosis. The nurse should discontinue the medication infusion for which of the following client findings? Serum potassium 5.1 mEq/L aPTT 2 times the control Hemoglobin 15 g/dL Platelets 96,000/mm3 52. A nurse is caring for a client taking atorvastatin. Which of the following should the nurse monitor for the client? CK ESR INR K+ 53.) A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 250mg PO to a school age child. Available is amoxicillin oral suspension 200mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? Round the answer to the nearest tenth. 6.3mL 54.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving haloperidol. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse be observing? Vomiting Akathisia Jaundice Anxiety 55.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has depression and is prescribed fluoxetine. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the client understands the teaching? “I should stop taking the medication if I develop a rash” “I will be sure to follow a strict diet to avoid foods with tyramine” “I will continue to take St. Johns Wort to increase the effects of the medication” “I should take acetaminophen instead of ibuprofen for my headaches while taking this medication” 56.) A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive 0.9% sodium chloride at the rate of 1L every 8 hr. The drip factor shown on the package of IV tubing is 15gtt/mL. The nurse should regulate the IV to deliver how many gtt/min? Round to the nearest whole number. 13.5 57.) A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse administers regular insulin 6 units subcutaneously at 0700. At 1000, the client reports feeling nauseous and lightheaded. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Request an antiemetic prescription for the client Initiate a dietary consult Check the client’s blood glucose level Give the client 15g of carbohydrates 58.) A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding the administration of ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? “Take an antacid with this medication” “Call your provider is your stools are black” “Take the tablet on an empty stomach” “Call your provider if you begin to bruise easily” 59.) A nurse is planning care for a client who is prescribed metoclopramide following bowel surgery. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? Muscle weakness Sedation Tinnitus Peripheral edema 60.) A nurse administers ceftazidime to a clients who has a severe penicillin allergy. Which of the following client findings requires an incident report? The client is also taking lisinopril The client reports shortness of breath The client’s pulse rate is 60/min The client’s WBC count is 14,000/mm3