Sole - Ch 13 Cardiovascular Alterations Questions and
Answers
The nurse is caring for a patient who is on a
cardiac monitor. The nurse realizes that the sinus A patient is admitted with an acute myocardial
node is the pacemaker of the heart because it is infarction (AMI). The nurse knows that an
a. the fastest pacemaker cell in the heart. angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
b. the only pacemaker cell in the heart. should be started within 24 hours to reduce the
c. the only cell that does not affect the cardiac incidence of which process?
cycle. a. Myocardial stunning
d. located in the left side of the heart. - b. Hibernating myocardium
ANSWERS - A c. Myocardial remodeling
d. Tachycardia - ANSWERS - C
One of the functions of the atrioventricular (AV)
node is to A patient presents to the emergency department
a. pace the heart if the ventricles fail. (ED) with chest pain that he has had for the past
b. slow the impulse arriving from the SA node. 2 hours. The patient is nauseated and
c. send the impulse to the SA node. diaphoretic, with dusky skin color. The
d. allow for ventricular filling during systole. -electrocardiogram shows ST elevation in leads II,
ANSWERS - B III, and aVF. Which therapeutic intervention
would the nurse question?
a. Emergent pacemaker insertion
The patient is admitted with a suspected acute b. Emergent percutaneous coronary intervention
myocardial infarction (AMI). In assessing the 12- c. Emergent thrombolytic therapy
lead electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, which d. Immediate coronary artery bypass graft
findings would indicate to the nurse that the surgery - ANSWERS - A
patient is in the process of an evolving Q wave
myocardial infarction (MI)?
a. ST-segment elevation on ECG and elevated A patient is admitted with the diagnosis of
CPK-MB or troponin levels unstable angina. The nurse knows that the
b. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and elevated physiological mechanism present is most likely
total CPK which of the following?
c. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and normal a. Complete occlusion of a coronary artery
cardiac enzymes b. Fatty streak within the intima of a coronary
d. Q wave on ECG with normal enzymes and artery
troponin levels - ANSWERS - A c. Partial occlusion of a coronary artery with a
thrombus
d. Vasospasm of a coronary artery -
The nurse is assessing a patient with left-sided ANSWERS - C
heart failure. Which symptom would the nurse
expect to find?
a. Dependent edema A patient is admitted with angina. The nurse
b. Distended neck veins anticipates which drug regimen to be initiated?
c. Dyspnea and crackles a. ACE inhibitors and diuretics
d. Nausea and vomiting - ANSWERS - C b. Morphine sulfate and oxygen
c. Nitroglycerin, oxygen, and beta blockers
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, Sole - Ch 13 Cardiovascular Alterations Questions and
Answers
d. Statins, bile acid, and nicotinic acid -
ANSWERS - C
A 72-year-old woman is brought to the ED by her
family. The family states that she's "just not
A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to herself." Her respirations are slightly labored, and
assess for possible valvular disease. Which her heart monitor shows sinus tachycardia (rate
study best identifies valvular function and 110 beats/min) with frequent premature
measures the size of the cardiac chambers? ventricular contractions (PVCs). She denies any
a. 12-lead electrocardiogram chest pain, jaw pain, back discomfort, or nausea.
b. Cardiac catheterization Her troponin levels are elevated, and her 12-lead
c. Echocardiogram electrocardiogram (ECG) shows elevated ST
d. Electrophysiology study - ANSWERS - C segments in leads II, III, and aVF. The nurse
knows that these symptoms are most likely
associated with which diagnosis?
A patient has elevated blood lipids. The nurse a. Hypokalemia
anticipates which classification of drugs to be b. Non-Q wave MI
prescribed for the patient? c. Silent myocardial infarction
a. Bile acid resins d. Unstable angina - ANSWERS - C
b. Nicotinic acid
c. Nitroglycerin
d. Statins - ANSWERS - D A patient presents to the ED complaining of
severe substernal chest pressure radiating to the
left shoulder and back that started about 12
The patient is admitted with an acute myocardial hours ago. The patient delayed coming to the
infarction (AMI). Three days later the nurse is ED, hoping the pain would go away. The patient's
concerned that the patient may have a papillary 12-lead ECG shows ST-segment depression in
muscle rupture. Which assessment data may the inferior leads. Troponin and CK-MB are both
indicate a papillary muscle rupture? elevated. What does the nurse understand about
a. Gallop rhythm thrombolysis in this patient?
b. New murmur a. The patient is not a candidate for thrombolysis.
c. S1 heart sound b. The patient's history makes him a good
candidate for thrombolysis.
d. S3 heart sound - ANSWERS - B
c. Thrombolysis is appropriate for a candidate
having a non-Q wave MI.
d. Thrombolysis should be started immediately. -
While instructing a patient on what occurs with a
myocardial infarction, the nurse plans to explain ANSWERS - A
which process?
a. Coronary artery spasm.
b. Decreased blood flow (ischemia). The patient presents to the ED with severe chest
c. Death of cardiac muscle from lack of oxygen discomfort. A cardiac catheterization and
(tissue necrosis). angiography shows an 80% occlusion of the left
d. Sporadic decrease in oxygen to the heart main coronary artery. Which procedure will be
(transient oxygen imbalance). - most likely performed on this patient?
a. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
ANSWERS - C
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Answers
The nurse is caring for a patient who is on a
cardiac monitor. The nurse realizes that the sinus A patient is admitted with an acute myocardial
node is the pacemaker of the heart because it is infarction (AMI). The nurse knows that an
a. the fastest pacemaker cell in the heart. angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
b. the only pacemaker cell in the heart. should be started within 24 hours to reduce the
c. the only cell that does not affect the cardiac incidence of which process?
cycle. a. Myocardial stunning
d. located in the left side of the heart. - b. Hibernating myocardium
ANSWERS - A c. Myocardial remodeling
d. Tachycardia - ANSWERS - C
One of the functions of the atrioventricular (AV)
node is to A patient presents to the emergency department
a. pace the heart if the ventricles fail. (ED) with chest pain that he has had for the past
b. slow the impulse arriving from the SA node. 2 hours. The patient is nauseated and
c. send the impulse to the SA node. diaphoretic, with dusky skin color. The
d. allow for ventricular filling during systole. -electrocardiogram shows ST elevation in leads II,
ANSWERS - B III, and aVF. Which therapeutic intervention
would the nurse question?
a. Emergent pacemaker insertion
The patient is admitted with a suspected acute b. Emergent percutaneous coronary intervention
myocardial infarction (AMI). In assessing the 12- c. Emergent thrombolytic therapy
lead electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, which d. Immediate coronary artery bypass graft
findings would indicate to the nurse that the surgery - ANSWERS - A
patient is in the process of an evolving Q wave
myocardial infarction (MI)?
a. ST-segment elevation on ECG and elevated A patient is admitted with the diagnosis of
CPK-MB or troponin levels unstable angina. The nurse knows that the
b. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and elevated physiological mechanism present is most likely
total CPK which of the following?
c. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and normal a. Complete occlusion of a coronary artery
cardiac enzymes b. Fatty streak within the intima of a coronary
d. Q wave on ECG with normal enzymes and artery
troponin levels - ANSWERS - A c. Partial occlusion of a coronary artery with a
thrombus
d. Vasospasm of a coronary artery -
The nurse is assessing a patient with left-sided ANSWERS - C
heart failure. Which symptom would the nurse
expect to find?
a. Dependent edema A patient is admitted with angina. The nurse
b. Distended neck veins anticipates which drug regimen to be initiated?
c. Dyspnea and crackles a. ACE inhibitors and diuretics
d. Nausea and vomiting - ANSWERS - C b. Morphine sulfate and oxygen
c. Nitroglycerin, oxygen, and beta blockers
1/7
, Sole - Ch 13 Cardiovascular Alterations Questions and
Answers
d. Statins, bile acid, and nicotinic acid -
ANSWERS - C
A 72-year-old woman is brought to the ED by her
family. The family states that she's "just not
A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to herself." Her respirations are slightly labored, and
assess for possible valvular disease. Which her heart monitor shows sinus tachycardia (rate
study best identifies valvular function and 110 beats/min) with frequent premature
measures the size of the cardiac chambers? ventricular contractions (PVCs). She denies any
a. 12-lead electrocardiogram chest pain, jaw pain, back discomfort, or nausea.
b. Cardiac catheterization Her troponin levels are elevated, and her 12-lead
c. Echocardiogram electrocardiogram (ECG) shows elevated ST
d. Electrophysiology study - ANSWERS - C segments in leads II, III, and aVF. The nurse
knows that these symptoms are most likely
associated with which diagnosis?
A patient has elevated blood lipids. The nurse a. Hypokalemia
anticipates which classification of drugs to be b. Non-Q wave MI
prescribed for the patient? c. Silent myocardial infarction
a. Bile acid resins d. Unstable angina - ANSWERS - C
b. Nicotinic acid
c. Nitroglycerin
d. Statins - ANSWERS - D A patient presents to the ED complaining of
severe substernal chest pressure radiating to the
left shoulder and back that started about 12
The patient is admitted with an acute myocardial hours ago. The patient delayed coming to the
infarction (AMI). Three days later the nurse is ED, hoping the pain would go away. The patient's
concerned that the patient may have a papillary 12-lead ECG shows ST-segment depression in
muscle rupture. Which assessment data may the inferior leads. Troponin and CK-MB are both
indicate a papillary muscle rupture? elevated. What does the nurse understand about
a. Gallop rhythm thrombolysis in this patient?
b. New murmur a. The patient is not a candidate for thrombolysis.
c. S1 heart sound b. The patient's history makes him a good
candidate for thrombolysis.
d. S3 heart sound - ANSWERS - B
c. Thrombolysis is appropriate for a candidate
having a non-Q wave MI.
d. Thrombolysis should be started immediately. -
While instructing a patient on what occurs with a
myocardial infarction, the nurse plans to explain ANSWERS - A
which process?
a. Coronary artery spasm.
b. Decreased blood flow (ischemia). The patient presents to the ED with severe chest
c. Death of cardiac muscle from lack of oxygen discomfort. A cardiac catheterization and
(tissue necrosis). angiography shows an 80% occlusion of the left
d. Sporadic decrease in oxygen to the heart main coronary artery. Which procedure will be
(transient oxygen imbalance). - most likely performed on this patient?
a. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
ANSWERS - C
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