MENOPAUSE AND HORMONE REPLACEMENT
THERAPY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED RIGHT
ANSWERS
Estrogen and progesterone HRT are FDA approved for ? ANSWERS: -moderate to severe menopause
related symptoms, including hot flashes, vulvovaginal atrophy, and for prevention of postmenopausal
osteoporosis.
Perimenopause ANSWERS: -period that spans the 8-10 years prior to menopause during which
symptoms associated with changing levels of estrogen and progesterone often occur. Usually between
42-55. Frequency of ovulation decreases. Hot flashes may occur and PMS may intensify. irregular
menstrual bleeding.
menopause ANSWERS: -point in time that occurs after the natural cessation of menses for 12
consecutive months. Average age is 51.
Postmenopause ANSWERS: -following menopause. hot flashes, sleep interruptions, vulvovaginal
changes, as well as later processes related to reduced hormone levels. Vasomotor symptoms are most
problematic in the first 7 years following menopause. They can persist for many more years. Vaginal
atrophy starts early and persists throughout post menopause, causing dryness, dyspareunia, and
increased vaginal pH.
hot flushes ANSWERS: -when hot flashes are accompanied by flushing, usually at the face, neck, and
upper chest. May be accompanied by dizziness, nausea, HA, palpitations, or sweating. Associated with a
surge in LH and declining estrogen and progesterone levels. Hot flashes can be triggered by stress,
excitement, fear, anxiety, alcohol, caffeine, or environmental temperature that raise the core temp too
high.
Long term effects of menopause ANSWERS: -Cardiac: arteriosclerosis, within 5-10 years the incidence
of cardiovascular disease in women surpasses that reported in men, poor lipid profile, increased HTN
breast: glandular tissue replaced by fat deposits and connective tissue, breast CA risk increases with age
bone density: loss accelerates following menopause at a rate of 1-5% per year for the first 4-8 yrs after
menopause; it then slows again to a rate of about 1% per year.
Brain: estrogen affects cognitive function and memory
THERAPY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED RIGHT
ANSWERS
Estrogen and progesterone HRT are FDA approved for ? ANSWERS: -moderate to severe menopause
related symptoms, including hot flashes, vulvovaginal atrophy, and for prevention of postmenopausal
osteoporosis.
Perimenopause ANSWERS: -period that spans the 8-10 years prior to menopause during which
symptoms associated with changing levels of estrogen and progesterone often occur. Usually between
42-55. Frequency of ovulation decreases. Hot flashes may occur and PMS may intensify. irregular
menstrual bleeding.
menopause ANSWERS: -point in time that occurs after the natural cessation of menses for 12
consecutive months. Average age is 51.
Postmenopause ANSWERS: -following menopause. hot flashes, sleep interruptions, vulvovaginal
changes, as well as later processes related to reduced hormone levels. Vasomotor symptoms are most
problematic in the first 7 years following menopause. They can persist for many more years. Vaginal
atrophy starts early and persists throughout post menopause, causing dryness, dyspareunia, and
increased vaginal pH.
hot flushes ANSWERS: -when hot flashes are accompanied by flushing, usually at the face, neck, and
upper chest. May be accompanied by dizziness, nausea, HA, palpitations, or sweating. Associated with a
surge in LH and declining estrogen and progesterone levels. Hot flashes can be triggered by stress,
excitement, fear, anxiety, alcohol, caffeine, or environmental temperature that raise the core temp too
high.
Long term effects of menopause ANSWERS: -Cardiac: arteriosclerosis, within 5-10 years the incidence
of cardiovascular disease in women surpasses that reported in men, poor lipid profile, increased HTN
breast: glandular tissue replaced by fat deposits and connective tissue, breast CA risk increases with age
bone density: loss accelerates following menopause at a rate of 1-5% per year for the first 4-8 yrs after
menopause; it then slows again to a rate of about 1% per year.
Brain: estrogen affects cognitive function and memory
