POLS 207 EXAM NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!

POLS 207 EXAM NEWEST 2025 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!! What is constitutionalism? - Answer- Limits placed on government through a written document. Why are state constitutions so long? - Answer- Typically state constitutions address a wide array of issues deemed by the states to be of sufficient importance to be included in the constitution rather than in an ordinary statute. Additionally, many other provisions may be included. Many state constitutions, unlike the federal constitution, also begin with an invocation of God. What is a bill of rights? - Answer- A statement of the rights of a class of people, in particular The Texas bill of rights contains provisions similar to those in the U.S. Constitution. Also Prohibits discrimination based on sex Guarantees victims' rights Forbids imprisonment for debt and committing the mentally ill without a jury trial From where do local governments (city and county) derive their power? - Answer- Counties are limited to the specific grants of power and areas of responsibility spelled out in the constitution and statutes. What are initiative, referenda, and recall? - Answer- Direct Democracy: Initiative - a percentage of voters, using a petition, may have a law or amendment placed on the ballot without legislative involvement Referendum - electorate must approve legislative decisions before they become law Recall - allows voters to remove an elected official before the end of his or her term What is the population of Texas? - Answer- 25,145,561 What is the Texas Creed? - Answer- Individualism Liberty Constitutionalism and democracy Equality originally for Anglos A greater emphasis on individualism and liberty than the American Creed Know the historical development of the Texas economy to the present day - Answer- -The first real economy in texas was cotton. Still today Texas produces a large percentage of the nations cotton -Cattle became big in the late 1800's. Texas is still ranked high for states with big cattle production. -For most of the 1900's petroleum was the basis for the Texas economy. - Today texas has a very diverse economy including all of the above plus it has become a highly technologically based economy What is the relationship between poverty and political participation? - Answer- Poor people do not usually participate actively and routinely in politics and government in Texas or in other states. Know the political culture of Texas - Answer- -Moralistic -Government is a public service -Individualistic:Government has an active role to maintain dominant social and religious values. -Government should be limited -Traditionalistic:Government should further private enterprise. -Little intervention into private lives -Government should preserve the status quo Know the constitutional development of Texas - Answer- -1836 Texas Constitution: Just declared independence from mexico. The constitution set up a Gov. similar to that of the u.s. -1845 texas constitution: Texas joined with the u.s. and wrote a new constitution. The constitution as straightforward and simple -1861 texas constitution: Texas secedes ate the beginning of the civil war. They make changes to the 1845 constitution. -1866 texas constitution:Texas reenters the union. Federal reconstruction that changes be made in the texas constitution. -1869 constitution: after reconstruction ended Texas was required by the union to make more changes to their constitution. -1876 and current constitution: Revised the constitution as a reaction to reconstruction and a dislike for the 1869 constitution. Know the differences between the U.S. Constitution and Texas Constitution - Answer- - The U.S. constitution is a liberal constitution. It has general principles stated in broad terms. 27 amendments -The Texas constitution is a Statutory constitution. It has very detailed provisions. it has 467 amendments Know the amendment process for the Texas Constitution - Answer- Proposal of amendments Must be by two-thirds of the total membership of each house of the legislature Ratification of amendments Requires approval by voters in either a general or a special election Historically, voters have approved more than 70% of proposed amendments What was the result of the 1974 constitutional convention? - Answer- Representatives called for a Constitutional Convention to to reconstruct a new constitution. The constitution fell three votes short of 2/3's What does right-to-work mean? - Answer- membership or nonmembership in a union cannot be a condition of employment. Why has Texas not significantly revised its constitution? - Answer- -Obstacles to a Major Revision: Texans suspicion of government Groups use amendment process to advance their priorities Low public participation in amendment process -Prospects for a Major Revision: Limited benefits to legislators who seek revision Citizen education What does home rule mean? - Answer- Home-Rule City: Population over 5,000 may choose by majority vote to become a home-rule city. Can adopt its own charter Can choose its structure The Texas Constitution allows home-rule cities to retain its home-rule designation if the population drops below 5,000. More flexible than general-law cities Home rule allows local voters to directly participate through: Initiative Referendum Recall. The right and authority of a local government to govern itself, rather than have the state govern it. How many counties does Texas have? - Answer- 254 What is the governing body of a county in Texas? - Answer- Governing body is the commissioners court. 4 commissioners elected for 4 year terms Elected in single-member precincts Responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads and bridges The county judge is elected for 4 year terms. County judge presides over the commissioners court.